Singathetha ngolu hlobo lomhlaza 'olucacileyo' oluvela kwizintso (iClear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma - ccRCC) namhlanje?

Izintso zezinye zezitho ezibalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu. La malungu mabini amancinci ahluza igazi lethu yonke imihla aze akhuphe izinto ezingafunekiyo njengomchamo afana nezihluzo ezibini emzimbeni wethu. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zintso zinokuvelisa izifo ezahlukeneyo. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngohlobo lomhlaza wezintso olunzima kancinci, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuluqaphela. Oku yi-`(Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma)`, ngamafutshane `(ccRCC)`.

Yintoni i-'clear cell renal cell carcinoma' (ccRCC)?

Ngamafutshane, le `(Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma - ccRCC)` luhlobo oluthile lomhlaza wezintso. Xa sithetha ngomhlaza wezintso, ngokuqhelekileyo sithi `(Renal Cell Carcinoma - RCC)`. Le `(ccRCC)` yenye yeentlobo zayo.

Ubusazi na ukuba izintso zethu zinemijelo emincinci ngaphakathi kuzo, njengesihluzo? Ezi zezona zihluza inkunkuma egazini zize ziyikhuphe njengomchamo. Lo mhlaza uqala kwiiseli ezijikeleze loo mijelo. Ezi seli `(ccRCC)` ziyahlukana kwaye zande ngokukhawuleza, zenze ithumba elinye okanye ngaphezulu. Ngokwesiqhelo, ichaphazela intso enye, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha inokuchaphazela zombini izintso.

Zithini iimpawu zesi sifo?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, kwizigaba zokuqala zale `(ccRCC)`, akukho zimpawu zibalulekileyo. Yiloo nto imbi kancinci. Kuba usenokungazi nokuba unesifo. Kodwa njengoko isifo siqhubeka, unokufumana izinto ezinje:

• Igazi kumchamo. Ngamanye amaxesha umchamo unokuba bomvu, upinki, okanye ube mdaka. Oogqirha babiza oku ngokuthi "i-hematuria".
• Ukudinwa kukuziva udiniwe kakhulu, nokuba ulala kangakanani na. Usenokuziva udiniwe imini yonke.
• Umkhuhlane oza ngaphandle kwesizathu. Ukuba unomkhuhlane nje ongenaso esinye isifo, naloo nto kufuneka uyiqwalasele.
• Ivakala ngathi yiqhuma elinokuvakala kwizintso ezichaphazelekayo .
• Intlungu emqolo yintlungu ecaleni kwezintso . Le ntlungu inokuba yinto engapheliyo okanye ifike ize idlule.
• Ukunciphisa umzimba ngendlela engachazekiyo. Ukuba unciphisa umzimba nje ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukutya okanye ukwenza umthambo, loo nto yinto ekufuneka uyiqwalasele.

Kutheni le nto `(ccRCC)` isenzeka? Zithini izizathu?

Inyaniso kukuba, isizathu esichanekileyo somhlaza wezintso, kuquka le `(ccRCC)`, asikaziwa . Nangona kunjalo, kufunyenwe ezinye izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wokuba nayo. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi?

• Ukusetyenziswa kweemveliso zecuba : Oku akubandakanyi ukutshaya kuphela kodwa nokutshaya umsi. Iikhemikhali eziyingozi ezikwicuba zingonakalisa izintso.
• I-Body Mass Index (BMI) engaphezulu kwama-25 : Ngamafutshane, ukutyeba/ukutyeba kakhulu. Ukutyeba kakhulu kunokubangela utshintsho kwiihomoni kunye nezinye iingxaki ezinokunyusa umngcipheko womhlaza.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu (uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu): Kulapho uxinzelelo lwegazi lwakho lunyuka khona. Le ngozi inokwenzeka kuba uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lonakalisa izintso.
• Ukufuneka uye kwi-dialysis ngenxa yesifo sezintso esidala : Abantu abakwi-dialysis nabo basengozini yokuba nomhlaza wezintso.
• Ukuvezwa kwiikhemikhali ezithile ezinobungozi kwindawo yokusebenza : Umzekelo, abo bachatshazelwa zizinyibilikisi ezifana ne-trichloroethylene, i-asbestos, kunye ne-cadmium nabo basengozini enkulu.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwemithi yokunciphisa iintlungu : Ezinye imithi yokunciphisa iintlungu, ezifana ne-acetaminophen (Tylenol®), azilungelanga ukuba uzisebenzisa rhoqo okanye ngokugqithisileyo.

Ngubani onokuphuhlisa le `(ccRCC)` kakhulu?

Enyanisweni, nabani na angafumana esi sifo, esibizwa ngokuba yi-``(ccRCC)``. Nangona kunjalo, kufunyenwe ukuba amadoda anamathuba aphindwe kabini okufumana esi sifo kunabafazi . Kwakhona, sixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-50 ukuya kwengama-70.

Ngokutsho kwe-American Cancer Society, abantu abangaphezu kwama-81,000 e-United States bafunyanwa benomhlaza wezintso minyaka le. Kula mhlaza wezintso oqhelekileyo ubizwa ngokuba yi-ccRCC .

Ingaba esi sifo sibizwa ngokuba yi-`(ccRCC)` esidluliselwa kwilifa?

Ukuba unesalamane sakho segazi esine-renal cell carcinoma, usenokuba sengozini enkulu yokuba nomhlaza wezintso. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha abakaqiniseki ukuba kutheni.

Abanye abantu baneemeko zemfuza ezenza ukuba babe namathuba amaninzi okufumana i-ccRCC. Umzekelo sisifo seVon Hippel-Landau (VHL).

Kwezi meko, utshintsho lwemfuza oludluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana lubangela ukuba kubekho ii-cysts kunye nee-tumor kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba. Ezi tumor azidli ngokuba ngumhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, abantu kwezi ntsapho banokukhula rhoqo kwi-ccRCC, kwaye inokukhula besebancinci kunesiqhelo.

Ukuba ufunyaniswa une-ccRCC usemncinci, okanye ukuba unezimila ezininzi, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lwemfuza .

Sifunyaniswa njani esi sifo `(ccRCC)`?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, umhlaza wezintso uhlala uneempawu ezimbalwa kakhulu kwizigaba zawo zokuqala. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha behlala befumana izihlunu zezintso xa bekhangela ezinye iimeko. Umzekelo, isihlunu sezintso sinokufunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha le-MRI okanye i-CT scan ukukhangela amatye ezintso.

Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso olufana nolu lunokufumanisa ubukho bethumba. Nangona kunjalo, kunzima ukubona ngokuqinisekileyo kwiskeni yodwa ukuba ithumba alinabungozi okanye alinabungozi.

Ukuze ugqirha afumane uxilongo oluchanekileyo , kufuneka adibane nogqirha.Kunokwenziwa i-biopsy yezintso, okanye kucetyiswe utyando lokususa ithumba.

Ukuba ithumba lisusiwe ngotyando, kuthathwa izicwili zethumba zize zivavanyelwe umhlaza. Iziphumo zisetyenziselwa ukufumanisa ukuba ingaba ngumhlaza na nokuba luhlobo olubizwa ngokuba yi-``ccRCC''.

Okumangalisayo kukuba, zizi-4 kuphela kwezi-10 ezincinci zezintso, ezingaphantsi kweesentimitha ezi-4 ngobukhulu, ezinokuba zizi-benign tumors, ezifana ne-renal oncocytomas.

Zithini izigaba zomhlaza (ccRCC)?

Emva kokuba efunyaniswe ene-`(ccRCC)`, ugqirha ugqiba ``inqanaba lomhlaza`` . Oko kukuthi, bajonga ubungakanani bethumba kunye nokuba lisasazeke na kwamanye amalungu omzimba.

Kukho iintlobo ezine eziphambili zeClear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

• Okukhona amathuba okufumana isifo encipha, kokukhona umhlaza uncipha kakhulu.

Ugqirha uza kuthetha nawe ngezi zinto:

• Umhlaza wakho ukuliphi inqanaba .
• Ingakanani ingozi yokuba isasazeke kwezinye iindawo zomzimba?
• Ngawaphi amanyathelo alandelayo omele uwathathe ?

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-`(ccRCC)`?

Uninzi lwexesha, iindlela zonyango zixhomekeke ekubeni umhlaza usasazeke ngaphaya kwezintso. Kulungile, makhe sibone.

Ukuba umhlaza awukasasazeki ngaphaya kwezintso:

Kule meko, unyango lungenziwa ngolu hlobo:

• Utyando - Utyando lwe-Nephrectomy : Ugqirha wotyando ususa kuphela inxalenye yezintso enomhlaza. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-partial nephrectomy. Kungenjalo, yonke intso ingasuswa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-radical nephrectomy.
• Unyango olususa umhlaza : Olu nyango lusebenzisa indlela enqumlayo ukutshabalalisa iiseli zomhlaza ngokufaka inaliti eluswini. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza oku. Umzekelo, iiseli zomhlaza zinokutshatyalaliswa ngokusebenzisa ukubanda kakhulu (i-cryoablation) okanye ubushushu obugqithisileyo (i-thermal ablation).

Ukuba umhlaza usasazekile, okanye kukho umngcipheko omkhulu wokusasazeka:

Kwiimeko ezinjalo, iindlela zonyango zezi:

• Unyango lwe-immunotherapy : Oku kuquka ukuvuselela amajoni omzimba wakho ukuze atshabalalise iiseli zomhlaza. Amayeza asetyenziselwa oku yi-pembrolizumab (Keytruda®) okanye i-nivolumab (Opdivo®).
• Unyango olujoliswe kulo : Olu nyango lusebenza ngokuthintela ukukhula nokwanda kweeseli zomhlaza. Amayeza asetyenziselwa oku yi-axitinib (Inlyta®) kunye ne-cabozantinib (Cabometyx®).

Ingaba `(ccRCC)` ngumhlaza onzima nosasazeka ngokukhawuleza?

Njengazo zonke ezinye iintlobo ze-`(carcinoma), le `(Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma)` inokusasazeka (i-metastasize) kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Ukunyanga umhlaza osasazeke ngale ndlela (umhlaza we-metastatic) kunzima ngakumbi.

Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wezintso, i-``(ccRCC)`` idla ngokuba nolaka ngakumbi kwaye idla ngokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza .

I-Renal Cell Carcinoma isasazeka kakhulu kwiindawo ezilandelayo:

• Ithumba
• Imiphunga
• Iindlala ze-adrenal (ezifumaneka ngaphezulu kwezintso)
• Isibindi
• Ingqondo
• Amathambo

Ukhula ngokukhawuleza kangakanani umhlaza (ccRCC)?

Izinga lokukhula kweClear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma linokwahluka kakhulu. Ngokutsho kolunye uphando, zinokukhula naphi na ukusuka kwi-0.2 ukuya kwi-6.5 centimeters (0.07 ukuya kwi-2.5 intshi) ngonyaka. Izinga lokukhula eliphakathi limalunga ne-2.13 centimeters (0.83 intshi) ngonyaka.

Ingakanani izinga lokusinda kwe-`(ccRCC)`?

Ngokubanzi, izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu kwi (ccRCC) liphakathi kwe-50% kunye ne-69% .

Nangona kunjalo, amathuba okuchacha axhomekeke kubukhulu bethumba lakho. Ngokubanzi, unyango aluphumeleli kangako kwiithumba ezinkulu okanye ukuba `(ccRCC)` isasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, ukuba kukho ithumba elikhulu okanye ukuba umhlaza usasazeke, izinga lokusinda leminyaka emihlanu linokuba malunga ne-10%. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuyifumanisa kwangethuba kwaye uqale unyango kwangethuba.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Kuqhelekile ukuba neemvakalelo ezahlukeneyo xa ufumanisa ukuba uneClear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma. Usenokuziva izinto ezahlukeneyo, kuquka uloyiko, umsindo, usizi, ixhala kunye nokudakumba.

Abantu abaninzi bafumana isiqabu ngokufunda okuninzi kangangoko banako malunga ne-(ccRCC) nokucela uncedo kubantu ababathandayo. Kukwangumbono olungileyo ukujoyina amaqela enkxaso (ccRCC) anokuqonda kakuhle into ojamelene nayo.

Kubaluleke kakhulu nokuthemba iqela lakho lezonyango. Babuze nayiphi na imibuzo onayo malunga neendlela zonyango kunye nenkqubo yokuphiliswa.

Nazi ezinye iindlela onokuzinyamekela ngazo:

• Sela onke amayeza anikwe ngoogqirha kanye njengoko kuyalelwe .
• Kuphephe ukuba mncinci ngokutya ukutya okuneproteni eninzi kunye neekhalori.
• Lala kakuhle kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
• Ukuzama ukulawula uxinzelelo ngezinto ezifana nokuphefumla nzulu, ukucamngca, i-yoga, unyango lobugcisa, okanye imisebenzi yokuzola efana neephazili.
• Nangona umzimba wakho unamandla.Ukuzibandakanya kwimisebenzi yomzimba.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza:

• Ukuba kukho igazi kumchamo.
• Ukuba uneqhubu okanye intlungu engalweni yakho leyo ayipheli .
• Ukuba unomkhuhlane ongaziwayo okanye unciphise umzimba .

Ukuba sele unyangwa (ccRCC), thetha nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezintsha okanye ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu . Banokukuxelela indlela yokulawula iimpawu zakho, ukutshintsha umthamo wakho wamayeza, okanye ukucebisa unyango olutsha. Inxalenye ebalulekileyo yonyango lwakho kukuhlala usempilweni kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?

Kungcono ukubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• "Yeyiphi eyona ndlela ilungileyo yonyango kum?"
• "Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango olucebisayo?"
• "Ngaba ndisengozini yokuba nomhlaza osasazekayo?"
• "Ndingayinciphisa njani ingozi yokusasaza le `(ccRCC)`?"
• "Ngaba kukho umntu kusapho lwam lwegazi osengozini yokufumana `(ccRCC)`?"
• "Ngaba kukho naziphi na iimpawu zeengxaki ekufuneka ndizazi ngokukodwa?"

Le mibuzo yenzelwe ukukunceda. Ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho nantoni na ocinga ngayo, nokuba incinci kangakanani na. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqonde yonke into ngokucacileyo.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi komhlaza wezintso 'ocacileyo' kunye nomhlaza wezintso 'we-papillary'?

Ezi yi-"Clear Cell Renal Carcinoma" kunye ne-"Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma". Iimpawu zazo zombini ziyafana kakhulu. Unyango lufana kakhulu.

Umahluko ophambili yindlela ezibukeka ngayo ezi seli zomhlaza xa zijongwa ngemakroskopu.

• Iiseli zomhlaza we-papillary zibonakala zikhula zinde, zibhityile, zifana neminwe.
• `(ccRCC)` Iiseli zomhlaza zibukeka njengeebhamuza ezicacileyo.

Malunga nomntu omnye kwabalishumi abane-renal cell carcinoma banohlobo lwe-papillary.

Okokugqibela, izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ndiyaqonda ukuba kunzima kangakanani ukufumanisa ukuba unomhlaza. Iimvakalelo ezinje ngoloyiko, usizi, umsindo, ukudideka, kunye nokuba wedwa zinokukuza ngaxeshanye. Mhlawumbi uziva zonke ezi zinto ngaxeshanye. Okanye, ungaziva ukhululekile kwiimvakalelo zakho njengoko uzama ukumelana nolu xilongo. Qonda ukuba nantoni na oyivayo, iqhelekile.

I-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza wezintso. Ingakhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ibe nolaka ngakumbi kuneminye imihlaza yezintso.

Uneengxaki ezininzi, kwaye kufuneka uthethe nomntu malunga neengcinga zakho kunye neemvakalelo zakho.Ungaze ungathandabuzi ukucela uncedo koogqirha bakho kwaye uthembele kwinkqubo yakho yenkxaso (usapho, abahlobo).

Olu hambo lunokuba nzima, kodwa thabatha inyathelo ngalinye, kwaye ube nobubele kuwe. Khumbula ukuba ukubhaqwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kwangoko kunokwenza umahluko omkhulu. Awuwedwa.

Umhlaza wezintso , i-ccRCC, i-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma, isifo sezintso, iimpawu zomhlaza, unyango lomhlaza, impilo yezintso