Ngaba umntwana wakho omncinci unengxaki ye-thyroid kwasekuzalweni kwakhe? Masithethe nge-Congenital Hypothyroidism!

Uvuyo nothando oluvayo xa umntwana wakho efika kweli hlabathi alunakuchazwa, akunjalo? Wonke umzali unethemba lokubona umntwana wakhe ephilile kwaye onwabile. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, nabantwana abancinci banokuba neengxaki zempilo ezingalindelekanga. Enye imeko enjalo, ebonwa kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa, kodwa inokulawulwa ngokupheleleyo ukuba iqatshelwe kwangethuba kwaye inyangwe ngokukhawuleza, ibizwa ngokuba yi-'congenital hypothyroidism'. Le meko siyibiza ngokwezonyango (Congenital Hypothyroidism) . Nangona ukuva eli gama kunokoyikisa, ukuba unolwazi olufanelekileyo ngalo, uya kuqonda ukuba yinto enokulawulwa.

Yintoni le 'hypothyroidism yokuzalwa'?

Ngamafutshane, (iCongenital Hypothyroidism) yimeko apho i-thyroid gland ingasebenzi kakuhle xa izalwa . I-thyroid gland yi-gland encinci, efana nebhabhathane ebekwe ngaphambili entanyeni yethu. Ivelisa uhlobo lwe-hormone olubaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu, oko kukuthi i-thyroid hormone. Ezi hormone zibalulekile ekuphuhlisweni kwengqondo yomntwana omncinci, ukukhula komzimba, kunye neenkqubo ze-metabolic.

Ngoko ke, ukuba i-thyroid gland yosana olusandul’ ukuzalwa ayikhuliswanga kakuhle, okanye ukuba ayisebenzi kakuhle, umzimba awuvelisi iihomoni ze-thyroid ezaneleyo. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi-Congenital Hypothyroidism.

Ukuba le meko ayinyangwa ngexesha, inokuba nefuthe elikhulu ekukhuleni komntwana, ingakumbi ukukhubazeka kwengqondo . Enyanisweni, (iCongenital Hypothyroidism) yeyona nto iphambili yokukhubazeka kwengqondo okunokuthintelwa. Yiyo loo nto kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela, kuquka neSri Lanka, kwenziwa uvavanyo lwegazi oluncinci ukujonga ukusebenza kwe-thyroid yomntwana kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuzalwa. Le yinto eyenziwa rhoqo.

Ngokwezibalo, le meko ichaphazela malunga nenye kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa ezingama-3 000 ukuya kuma-4 000. Kuthiwa kwakhona ukuba amantombazana anamathuba aphindwe kabini okuba nayo kunamakhwenkwe.

Uninzi lweentsana ezine-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa kuya kufuneka zithathe iipilisi zehomoni ye-thyroid ubomi bazo bonke. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintsana zine-hypothyroidism yexeshana, ephela ngokwayo kwiiveki okanye kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, aba bantwana banokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobusempilweni.

Ziziphi iimpawu ezinokubonisa ukuba umntwana unale meko?

Kusenokungabonakali kwangoko ukuba usana olusandul’ ukuzalwa lune-hypothyroidism. Yiyo loo nto uvavanyo lokuhlolwa kwe-thyroid olukhankanyiweyo ngaphambili lubaluleke kangaka.

Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iimpawu ezingabonakaliyo zinokubonakala kwiiveki zokuqala zobomi. Ezi ziquka:

Iimpawu ezinokubonakala kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala:

• Ukuqhinwa:Umntwana unobunzima bokuya kwindlu yangasese, kwaye usenokungayi iintsuku ezininzi.
• Imisipha ephantsi (Hypotonia): Umzimba womntwana uziva ubuthathaka, ungenabomi, kwaye amalungu omzimba aziva etyhafile xa echukunyiswa.
• Ubunzima bokusela ubisi: Ukungafuni ukusela ubisi, ukungakwazi ukuluncanca kakuhle nokuba sele ulusela, okanye ukuhlanza ubisi emva kokusela.
• I-jaundice engapheliyo: I-jaundice eyenzeka emva nje kokuzalwa idla ngokuphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, kule meko, i-jaundice inokuhlala iiveki.
• Ukudinwa: Usana lubonakala lulele rhoqo, kunzima ukuvuka, kwaye lubonakala lungenamdla wokudlala.
• Ukurhawuzela kwelizwi: Xa umntwana ekhala, kukho utshintsho kwilizwi, ukurhawuzela.
• I-Hypothermia: Umzimba womntwana uziva ubanda ngalo lonke ixesha.

Khawucinge nje, ukuba umntwana wakho osandul’ ukuzalwa ubonakala elele rhoqo, enqena kakhulu ukondla, kwaye ebonakala ebanda xa echukunyiswa, kulungile ukuba ulumke kancinci ngamaxesha anje.

Ukuba ayinyangwa, iimpawu ezinokuvela ngokuhamba kwexesha ziquka:

Ukuba ezi mpawu zokuqala azibonwa kwaye azinyangwa, iimpawu ezininzi zinokuvela ngokuhamba kwexesha.

• Ukudumba: Isisu sibonakala sikhulu kwaye sidumbile.
• I-anemia: Ukwehla komthamo wegazi emzimbeni.
• I-Bradycardia: Isantya sentliziyo siyehla.
• Ubunzima beenwele: Iinwele ziqinile kwaye zomile.
• Ulusu olubandayo nolomileyo: Ulusu luvakala lubanda xa luchukunyiswa kwaye luvakala lomile.
• I-Goiter: Ukudumba entanyeni apho kukho i-thyroid gland.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi: Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi .
• Ulwimi olukhulu (Macroglossia): Ulwimi luba lukhulu kunesiqhelo, ngamanye amaxesha luphume emlonyeni.
• Ukudumba okujikeleze amehlo: Indawo ejikeleze amehlo ibonakala idumbile.

Akunyanzelekanga ukuba woyike xa ubona enye okanye ezimbini zezi mpawu, kuba ezinye zezi mpawu zinokubangelwa zezinye izizathu. Kodwa ukuba ubona into efana nale, ngokuqinisekileyo kungcono ukubona ugqirha.

Kutheni abantwana bethu bekhula ngale ndlela?

Eyona nto ibangela i-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa sisiphene ekuphuhlisweni kwe-thyroid gland (i-Thyroid Dysgenesis) . Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela oku:

Ezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo:

• I-Ectopic Thyroid Gland: I-thyroid gland isenokuba kwindawo eyahlukileyo entanyeni, mhlawumbi phantsi kolwimi, kunokuba ibe kwindawo yayo eqhelekileyo.
• Ukuzalwa kwe-thyroid: I-thyroid gland isenokuba ayikho kwasekuzalweni.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-thyroid:Nangona i-thyroid gland yakhekile, incinci kakhulu ngobukhulu kwaye ayikaphuhli kakuhle.

Ezi meko zintathu zezona zinto zibangela i-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa.

Izizathu zokubona kancinci:

Kukho ezinye izizathu ezimbalwa ngaphandle koku, kodwa azixhaphakanga kangako.

• Utshintsho kwiGenetic: Lunokubangelwa lutshintsho oluthile kwi-genes oluchaphazela ukuveliswa kwee-hormone ze-thyroid. Ezi zisenokuba zizinto ezizuzwa njengelifa.
• Ukunqongophala kwe-iodine kuMama ngexesha lokukhulelwa: I-iodine yeminerali ibalulekile ekuvelisweni kweehomoni ze-thyroid. Ukuba umama akanayo iodine eyaneleyo ekutyeni kwakhe ngexesha lokukhulelwa, inokuchaphazela i-thyroid yomntwana.
• Amayeza athile athathwa ngumama ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Ukuba umama usebenzisa amayeza ezifo ezithile zengqondo, ezifana ne-lithium, okanye amayeza e-hyperthyroidism, afana namayeza e-antithyroid, ngexesha lokukhulelwa, anokuphazamisa ukuveliswa kwehomoni ye-thyroid yomntwana.
• Umama ofumana unyango lomhlaza we-thyroid ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Ukuba umama ufumana unyango lomhlaza we-thyroid (njenge-radioactive iodine) ngelixa ekhulelwe, inokuchaphazela nomntwana.

Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokwenzeka ukuba azinyangwa?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ukuba ayinyangwa kwangethuba, (iCongenital Hypothyroidism) inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu . Ezona zibalulekileyo zezi:

• Ukukhubazeka Kwengqondo: Ekubeni iihomoni ze-thyroid zibalulekile ekuphuhlisweni kwengqondo, ukungabikho kwehomoni kunokubangela ukukhubazeka kophuhliso lwengqondo.
• Ukukhula okulibazisekileyo: Izinto ezifana nokukhula kobude kunye nokukhula komzimba ziyalibazisa.
• Ukukhubazeka kokuva: Abanye abantwana banokufikelela kwinqanaba lokuba bangakwazi ukuva.
• I-anemia
• Iingxaki zentliziyo ezifana nokusilela kwentliziyo
• Iingxaki zokubona

Yiyo loo nto sithi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela le meko kwangethuba kwaye uqale unyango ngokukhawuleza phantsi kwengcebiso kagqirha. Ukwenza njalo kunokuthintela uninzi lwezi ngxaki.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le meko?

Kumazwe amaninzi, kuquka neSri Lanka, usana ngalunye olusandul’ ukuzalwa lunikwa uvavanyo lwe-thyroid. Oku kuquka ukuthatha amathontsi amancinci egazi esithendeni somntwana kunye nokujonga amanqanaba amabini eehomoni.

• I-TSH (iHormone evuselela iThyroid): Le yihomoni ekhutshwa yi-pituitary gland evuselela i-thyroid gland ukuba ivelise iihomoni ze-thyroid. Ukuba i-thyroid ayisebenzi kakuhle, amanqanaba e-TSH adla ngokwanda.
• I-T4 (iThyroxine): Le yeyona hormone iphambili eveliswa yi-thyroid gland. Oku kunceda ekukhuleni komntwana kunye nemetabolism. Kwi-(Congenital Hypothyroidism), eli nqanaba le-T4 liphantsi.

Ukuba iziphumo zolu vavanyo lwegazi aziqhelekanga, oko kuthetha ukuba i-TSH iphezulu kakhulu kwaye i-T4 iphantsi kakhulu, ugqirha angenza olunye uvavanyo. Umzekelo, i-thyroid scan okanye i-ultrasound inokwenziwa ukuze kubonwe ukuba i-thyroid gland ikwindawo efanelekileyo na, ingakanani na ubukhulu bayo, kwaye ukuba kukho naluphi na utshintsho kwisakhiwo sayo. Ezi zezona ndlela zodwa zokwenza uxilongo oluchanekileyo.

Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?

Unyango lwe-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa kukuthatha indawo yehomoni ye-thyroid engekho emzimbeni. Amayeza asetyenziswa kakhulu yi -levothyroxine . Le yihomoni ye-T4 eyenziweyo. Iza ngohlobo lwepilisi. Ngoko ke xa uyinika umntwana omncinci, kufuneka uyityumze ipilisi uze uyixube nobisi lwebele, ifomula, okanye amanzi. Ingcali ye -endocrinologist yomntwana wakho iya kukuxelela ngqo indlela yokuyinika. Ezinye iifomyula ezisekelwe kwisoya zinokuphazamisa ukufunxwa kweehomoni ze-thyroid, ngoko ke ngumbono olungileyo ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngezinto ezinjalo.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuqala eli yeza kwinyanga yokuqala yokuzalwa komntwana. Kulapho kuphela apho sinokuthintela ngokusisigxina ukuba ukukhubazeka kwengqondo esithethe ngako kungenzeki.

Emva kokuqalisa amayeza, ugqirha uya kujonga rhoqo amanqanaba ehomoni ye-thyroid egazini lomntwana wakho ukuqinisekisa ukuba ufumana idosi efanelekileyo yamayeza. Olu vavanyo lwegazi ludla ngokwenziwa ukuze:

• Qho ngenyanga okanye kwiinyanga ezimbini de umntwana abe neenyanga ezi-6 ubudala.
• Kanye emva kweenyanga ezimbini okanye ezintathu umntwana ezelwe.

Uninzi lwabantu abane-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa kuya kufuneka bathathe eli yeza ubomi babo bonke. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, abanye abantu banokufuna unyango okwethutyana kuphela. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ukuba imeko yomntwana wakho injani kwaye uza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuze athathe eli yeza.

Umntwana onesi sifo angaphila ixesha elingakanani?

Oku kusenokuvakala kusoyikisa, kodwa ubomi bomntwana one-(Congenital Hypothyroidism) bufana nobomntu ongenaso esi sifo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuqala unyango lomntwana ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba wenza loo nto, akuyi kuba nanto yokoyika ngekamva.

Xa umntwana wakho ekhula, angenza nawuphi na umsebenzi afuna ukuwufeza, aqalise usapho ukuba uyafuna, aze enze yonke into ngokwesiqhelo. Akuba eyeke ukusebenzisa iipilisi zehomoni ye-thyroid yonke imihla, uya kukwazi ukuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo ngokupheleleyo.

Ngaba ikho indlela yokuthintela oku?

Ngenxa yokuba ikwayimfuza, i-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa ayinakuthintelwa rhoqo. Kodwa ukuba ukhulelwe, buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ungawunciphisa njani umngcipheko kumntwana wakho. Angavavanya amanqanaba akho e-iodine aze abone ukuba kufuneka wenze naluphi na utshintsho kumayeza akho.

Linini ixesha ekufuneka ubone ugqirha ngalo?

Ukuba umntwana wakho une-hypothyroidism yokuzalwa, ingcali ye-endocrinologist iya kujonga rhoqo amanqanaba ehomoni yakhe ye-thyroid. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba iimpawu zomntwana wakho ziyabuya nasemva kokuba eqalise unyango, qiniseka ukuba wazise ugqirha wakho. Umthamo wamayeza unokufuna ukulungiswa.

Imibuzo ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyibuze ugqirha wakho

Njengomzali, usenokuba nemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho. Kuqhelekile. Ungabuza ugqirha onyanga umntwana wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ungandixelela ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ebangela le meko kumntwana wam?
• Ingaba le yimeko yexeshana okanye esisigxina?
• Ngaba kuya kufuneka asele amayeza ubomi bakhe bonke?
• Uwumisela njani umlinganiselo ochanekileyo weyeza?
• Ndingamnika njani umntwana wam eli yeza?
• Kuthekani ukuba awukwazi ukunika idosi yeyeza?
• Uvavanyo lwe-thyroid kufuneka lwenziwe kangaphi?

Musa ukoyika ukubuza ugqirha nayiphi na imibuzo onayo.

Into yokugqibela endiyithethayo yile (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Njengomzali, unethemba elikhulu ngomntwana wakho osandul’ ukuzalwa xa efika emhlabeni. Ngoko ke, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva usoyika kwaye ungaqinisekanga xa usiva ukuba umntwana wakho unesifo esithile sempilo. "Kuza kumchaphazela njani umntwana wam ukuba ndimxelela (Congenital Hypothyroidism)?" "Liza kuba njani ikamva lakhe?" Mhlawumbi unemibuzo emininzi engqondweni yakho.

Musa ukoyika. Ugqirha wakho ukhona ukuphendula yonke le mibuzo kwaye akuncede. Mcele lonke ulwazi kunye nezixhobo ozidingayo. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ukuba uqala unyango ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwaye uthabathe amayeza afanelekileyo, umntwana wakho angaphila ubomi obonwabisayo nobunempilo njengaye wonke umntu. Ngoko ke hlala uqinile kwaye ulandele icebiso likagqirha wakho. Leyo yeyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kumntwana wakho.

I- hypothyroidism yokuzalwa, i-thyroid gland, izifo zobuntwana, iihomoni ze-thyroid, uphuhliso lomntwana, iLevothyroxine