Ingaba umntwana wakho omncinci unesi sifo "esikhohlelayo"? Makhe sithethe nge-croup!

Ingaba umntwana wakho uqalise ukukhwehlela okungaqhelekanga kunye nomkhuhlane, waza waba nobunzima bokuphefumla? Njengomama, kufuneka ukuba uyoyika kakhulu xa oko kusenzeka, akunjalo? I-Croup yimeko eqhelekileyo kubantwana abancinci kwaye ibonisa ezi mpawu. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha, ngokulula.

Yintoni le croup?

Ngamafutshane, i-croup, okanye ngokwezonyango, "i-Laryngotracheobronchitis " yintsholongwane yomphimbo, oko kukuthi, i-larynx (apho isandi sivela khona xa sithetha) kunye ne-trachea (ityhubhu ephambili yokuphefumla) kubantwana abancinci . Okwenzekayo koku kukuba inxalenye ephezulu yomoya, oko kukuthi, inxalenye engaphantsi kweentambo zelizwi, iyadumba. Khawuthelekelele, xa umbhobho wamanzi uvaliwe, kunzima ukuba amanzi adlule, xa umoya uvuthuza ngale ndlela, uyancipha. Emva koko umntwana omncinci ufumana kunzima ukuphefumla, kwaye isandi esingaqhelekanga siqala ukuvakala xa ephefumla.

Oku kuxhaphake kakhulu kwiintsana nakubantwana abancinci abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-3 ubudala. Njengoko abantwana bekhula, iindlela zabo zomoya ziya zikhula, ngoko ke olu hlobo lokudumba alunakwenzeka ukuba lubangele iingxaki ezinkulu zokuphefumla. Yiyo loo nto abantwana abadala bengenamathuba amaninzi okufumana isifo sokukrala kwesisu.

Eyona nto ibangela oku kukwanda kwezifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane . Njengeentsholongwane ezibangela umkhuhlane, ayizizo zonke izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane eziguquka zibe yi-croup.

Ivakala njani i-croup cough?

Uphawu oluphambili nolwahlukileyo lwe-croup kukukhwehlela okungaqhelekanga . Kukukhohlela okuqatha, okuqatha, okufana nendlu yangasese ebhongayo okanye inja encinci ekhonkothayo. Abanye oomama beza kum bexhalabile bathi, "Gqirha, umntwana wam ngequbuliso wakhwehlela okukhonkothayo, ndaza ndoyika kakhulu." Yiloo nto ivakala ngayo.

Enye into kukuba xa umntwana ephefumla, isandi esithi "whooping" okanye sokukrwitshwa sinokuvakala siphuma emqaleni . Kwizonyango, esi sibizwa ngokuba yi -stridor . Esi sandi sibangelwa kukudumba nokuncitshiswa kwendlela yomoya, kunye nokungcangcazela okwenzekayo xa umoya udlula kuloo ndawo incitshisiweyo.

Ziziphi ezinye iimpawu?

I-Croup idla ngokuba buthathaka kwaye iphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zinokuba nzima kakhulu. Ngokuqhelekileyo, iimpawu ziqala kancinci. Ekuqaleni, zifana nomkhuhlane omncinci, impumlo egobhozayo kunye nempumlo exineneyo. Emva koko, kwiiyure ezili-12 ukuya kwezingama-48, unokuba nokukhwehlela okukhonkothayo okuphawulekayo. Ezi mpawu zihlala zisiba mandundu ebusuku .

Ezinye iimpawu ezinokubonakala kwi-croup encinci ziquka:

• Ilizwi elitshothozayo, ukuziva ubunzima.
• Umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo.
• Ngamanye amaxesha kuvela irhashalala eluswini.
• Ububomvu bamehlo (conjunctivitis).
• Ii-lymph nodes ezidumbileyo entanyeni (ukudumba kwee-lymph nodes entanyeni).

Kwi-croup ephakathi ukuya kweqatha, ezi mpawu zinokuba nzima kakhulu:

• Ubunzima obucacileyo bokuphefumla : Umntwana ubonakala enengxaki yokuphefumla.
• Ukungazoli, ukuphazamiseka.
• Ukurhoxa (ukutsala ulusu phakathi kwamathambo esifuba nakwisifuba esingaphezulu) xa uphefumla : Oku kubonisa ubunzima bomntwana ekuphefumleni.
• Ulusu oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-cyanosis) : Ulusu oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ingakumbi olujikeleze imilebe, ulwimi, kunye neenzipho, kuthetha ukuba umzimba awufumani ioksijini eyaneleyo. Le yingxamiseko!

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-croup, i-RSV, kunye nokukhwehlela okungapheliyo?

Zonke ezi zifo zintathu zichaphazela inkqubo yokuphefumla kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zinokubhideka kuba zenzeka ebantwaneni abancinci. Makhe sijonge umahluko.

I-RSV kunye neCroup

I-RSV (Respiratory Syncytial Virus) yenye intsholongwane echaphazela inkqubo yokuphefumla. Ingachaphazela iintsana kunye nabantu abadala. I-RSV ibangela iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane ezifana nokukhohlela nokuthimla. Okubalulekileyo kukuba, i-RSV ikwaluhlobo lwentsholongwane enokubangela ukukrwitshwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba usulelo lwe-RSV lunokukhula lube yikrwitshwa kwabanye abantwana.

I-Pertussis kunye ne-Croup

Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo, okanye "iPertussis" njengoko kusaziwa ngokwezonyango, sisifo sokuphefumla esichaphazela abantwana abancinci, njenge-croup. Zombini zikhohlela ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Nangona kunjalo , ukukhohlela okungapheliyo kukukhohlela okuhambisana nesandi esiphezulu "sokukhohlela" xa umntu ephefumla.

Umahluko ophambili kukuba ukukhohlela okuqhawukayo kubangelwa lusulelo lwebhaktiriya, ngelixa ukukhohlela okuqhawukayo kubangelwa lusulelo lwentsholongwane. Ngoko ke, akukho gonyo lokuthintela ukukhohlela okuqhawukayo, kwaye alunakunyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane (amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane awabulali iintsholongwane). Kukho gonyo lokuthintela ukukhohlela okuqhawukayo, kwaye alupheli ngokukhawuleza njenge-croup.

Ixhaphake kangakanani i-croup?

Kumazwe afana ne-United States, kuthiwa malunga ne-3% yabantwana bafumana isifo se-croup minyaka le. I-Croup ikwabizwa ngokuba yimbangela ye-7% yokulaliswa esibhedlele kwabantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala . Ibonakala rhoqo kubafana. Kodwa akukho nto inokubangela ixhala, kuba yi-85% kuphela yabantwana abafumana isifo se-croup abanesimo esincinci. Ngaphantsi kwe-1% bafumana isifo esibi kakhulu.

Zithini izizathu ze-croup?

Njengoko sele sixoxile, unobangela oyintloko we-croup lusulelo lwentsholongwane. Kwezi, eyona ixhaphakileyo yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Parainfluenza virus). Ngaphandle koko, iintsholongwane ezifana ne-`(Influenza virus)` (intsholongwane esigulisayo), `(RSV - Respiratory Syncytial Virus)`, i-measles virus, kunye ne-`(Adenovirus)` nazo zinokubangela i-croup. Ezi ntsholongwane zibangela ukuba iindlela zomoya eziphezulu emqaleni womntwana zidumbe. Oku kwenza kube nzima ukuphefumla.

Kodwa ezi ntsholongwane zixhaphakile kwindawo esingqongileyo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ayinguye wonke umntwana ofumana usulelo lwentsholongwane oza kuba ne-croup. Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba usulelo lwebhaktiriya lunokwenzeka ukongeza kosulelo lwentsholongwane, nto leyo eyenza imeko ibe mandundu.

Ingaba isifo se-croup siyasulela?

Ewe, i-croup sisifo esosulelayo kakhulu kuba iintsholongwane ezisibangelayo zisasazeka lula kakhulu.

Xa umntu onentsholongwane okanye intsholongwane enokubangela ukukhohlela okanye ukuthimla, amathontsi amancinci (amathontsi okuphefumla) akhutshwa emoyeni. Ukuba umntwana wakho uphefumla loo moya, anokufumana iintsholongwane aze afumane ukukhohlela. Angakufumana nangokuchukumisa izinto ezingcoliswe ziintsholongwane, ezifana nezinto zokudlala okanye izibambo zomnyango, aze emva koko achukumise umlomo okanye impumlo yakhe ngesandla esifanayo.

Umntwana unokosulela umntwana kwiintsuku ezintathu zokuqala emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile, okanye de umkhuhlane uphele ngokupheleleyo . Ngoko ke, kubalulekile ukuba ungamthumeli umntwana wakho esikolweni de umkhuhlane uphele iiyure ezingama-24 ngaphandle kokumnika amayeza okunciphisa umkhuhlane.

Ngaba i-croup ingabangela iingxaki?

Uninzi lwexesha, i-croup yimeko engephi enokunyangeka ekhaya. Iingxaki azixhaphakanga. Ngaphantsi kwe-5% yabantwana abane-croup kufuneka bangeniswe esibhedlele. Umntwana wakho unokufuna ukungeniswa esibhedlele ukuba:

• Ukuba udinga ukunika umntwana ioksijini ukuze agcine umgangatho weoksijini emzimbeni wakhe.
• Ukuba uphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni kakhulu kwaye udinga ukunikwa ulwelo ngemithambo yegazi (IV - intravenous) .
• Ukuba udinga unyango oluninzi lokuphefumla olune-nebulized ukuze ufumane ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ukuba iimpawu ziyaqhubeka emva konyango lokuqala.

Ndingazi njani ukuba umntwana wam une-croup?

Uninzi lwexesha, ugqirha uya kugqiba ukuba umntwana wakho une-croup ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu umntwana azibonisayo . Ezona ziphambili zezo zikhwehlela ezikhonkothayo kunye nesandi esithi "stridor" esenziwa xa ephefumla. Oku kubonakala ngakumbi ekwindla nasebusika (kwilizwe lethu, ngexesha lemvula, xa kubanda kakhulu). Ukuba imeko yomntwana imbi kakhulu, ugqirha ngamanye amaxesha unokuyalela ii-X-ray kunye novavanyo lwelabhoratri, kodwa oku kunqabile kakhulu.

Iphathwa njani i-croup?

Unyango luxhomekeke kubukhali beempawu zomntwana wakho kunye nomngcipheko wokuba imeko ibe mandundu ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba umntwana wakho wayekhe waba neengxaki zokuphefumla ngaphambili, okanye ukuba wazalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, oku kuya kuchaphazela ukhetho lonyango.

Amayeza asekhaya (onyango lwe-croup ethambileyo)

Ukuba imeko ye-croup incinci, inganyangwa kwaye inyangwe ekhaya.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba imeko yomntwana wakho ayiphucuki ngala mayeza asekhaya, okanye ukuba ibonakala isiba mandundu, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.

• Isifutho se-cool mist humidifier: Ukusebenzisa isifutho se-cool mist humidifier, esongeza umswakama kwigumbi, kunokunceda ekunciphiseni ukuphefumla okomileyo nokuxineneyo.
• Umphunga kwigumbi lokuhlambela: Vala ucango lwegumbi lokuhlambela uze uvule amanzi ashushu avela kwishawa. Emva koko, hlala kwigumbi lokuhlambela elinomphunga nomntwana wakho okwethutyana. Kodwa lumka! Musa ukumchukumisa umntwana eshawa okanye umsondeze kufutshane namanzi ashushu, kuba anokumtshisa.
• Umoya opholileyo: Ukuba umntwana wakho ubonakala enengxaki yokuphefumla ebusuku, vula ucango okanye ifestile ukuze umoya opholileyo ungene egumbini (kodwa ungamfaki kwindawo ebanda kakhulu).
• Amayeza omkhuhlane: Ukuba unomkhuhlane, nika amayeza amiselwe ngugqirha (OTC) afana neparacetamol (umz. iPanadol, iCalpol) okanye ibuprofen (umz. iBrufen). Musa ukunika abantwana abancinci i-aspirin.
• Ulwelo olufudumeleyo lokukhwehlela: Ukunika ulwelo olufudumeleyo nolucacileyo (umz. isuphu, amanzi afudumeleyo) ngomlinganiselo omncinci kunokunceda ukukhulula i-mucus kwimicu yelizwi.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya: Kuphephe ukutshaya endlwini. Umsi wecuba ungenza ukukhwehlela komntwana wakho kube kubi ngakumbi.
• Phakamisa intloko: Ngelixa ulele, phakamisa intloko yomntwana wakho ngomqamelo owongezelelweyo. Oku kunokunceda ukuba aphefumle lula. Kodwa musa ukubeka ibhedi yomntwana ongaphantsi konyaka ubudala.

Ukuba kunokwenzeka, kungcono ukulala kwigumbi elinye nomntwana wakho, ukuze wazi ukuba umntwana wakho unengxaki yokuphefumla ebusuku.

Unyango Lwezonyango (Kwi-Croup Ephakathi ukuya Kwebuhlungu)

Ukuba i-croup iphakathi okanye inzima, kufuneka umse umntwana wakho kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane okanye kugqirha. I-croup ebuhlungu inokuba yingozi ebomini, ngoko ke akucetyiswa ukuba ulibazise.

Unyango olunikwayo apho lunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zomntwana. Ezinye zezi ziquka:

• Ukunika umoya ofumileyo okanye ioksijini.
• Ukuba kukho ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, nika ulwelo oluphuma kwi-IV.
• Ukubeka esweni iimpawu ezibalulekileyo: izinto ezifana namanqanaba eoksijini, izinga lokuphefumla, kunye nesantya sentliziyo.
• Amayeza athile okunyanga isifo sentliziyo: ii-steroids (i-glucocorticoids) kunye namayeza afakwe kwi-nebulized (umz. i-epinephrine).
• Ukuba ubunzima bokuphefumla bunzima kakhulu, umoya ongeniswa ngoomatshini unokwenziwa kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga.

Masifunde okungakumbi ngala mayeza.

Xa usisa umntwana wakho kugqirha okanye kwigumbi likaxakeka, ugqirha angakunika uhlobo lonyango olubizwa ngokuba yi-"glucocorticoid" kunye ne-"nebulized epinephrine".

• Iiglucocorticoids:

Ezi luhlobo lwe-steroid. Eli yeza lisebenza ngokunciphisa ukudumba kwi-larynx yomntwana wakho (ibhokisi yelizwi). Lidla ngokuqala ukusebenza kwiiyure ezi-6 emva kwedosi yokuqala. Ukunika eli yeza umntwana one-croup encinci kunokunceda ukunciphisa isidingo sokuya kugqirha okanye esibhedlele ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

Amayeza asetyenziswa kakhulu yi `(dexamethasone)` kunye `(prednisolone). La anikwa ngomlomo, ngesiqhelo ngedosi enye. Ukuba umntwana uyahlanza kwaye akanakuyigcina iyeza, `(dexamethasone)` inokunikwa ngemithambo `(IV)` okanye nge-intramuscularly `(IM injection)`.

• I-Epinephrine efakwe kwiNebulized:

I-Epinephrine inikwa njengenkungu nge-nebulizer. Ikwasebenza ngokunciphisa ukudumba kwimigudu yomoya. Idla ngokuqala ukusebenza kwimizuzu eli-10. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zayo zihlala malunga neeyure ezimbini kuphela. Ke ngoko, ukuba iimpawu zinzima, kunokufuneka uphinde unyango rhoqo emva kwemizuzu eli-15 ukuya kwengama-20.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

I-Epinephrine ayifane ibangele iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu. Nangona kunjalo, inokubangela izinto ezifana nokunyuka kwesantya sentliziyo (i-tachycardia). Ugqirha uza kumjonga umntwana iiyure ezintathu ukuya kwezine emva kwedosi yokugqibela ukuze abone ukuba iingxaki zokuphefumla ziyabuya na.

Ndingaphila ngokukhawuleza kangakanani emva konyango?

Iiglucocorticoids zihlala ziqala ukusebenza kwiiyure ezi-6 emva kwedosi yokuqala. I-Epinephrine iqala ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza nangakumbi.

Ufanele ukhathazeke nini nge-croup?

I-Croup inokuba buthathaka, ibe phakathi, okanye ibe qatha. Kuxhomekeke ekubeni kunzima kangakanani na ukuba umntwana aphefumle . Ubunzima bemeko buxhomekeke kubukhulu (ububanzi) bomoya womntwana kunye nokuba uncitshiswa kangakanani kukudumba. Kwakhona, imeko inokuba mandundu ukuba umntwana ukhathazekile okanye uyakhala.

• I-Croup Encinci:

Umntwana one-croup encinci unokuba nokukhohlela okukhonkothayo kunye nesandi sokuphefumla (stridor). Iimpawu zinokuba zimbi kakhulu ebusuku. Ngoko ke kufuneka uqaphele indlela umntwana wakho aphefumla ngayo, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi, zinokunyangwa ekhaya.

• I-Croup Ephakathi:

Umntwana one-croup ephakathi unokuba nesandi sokuphefumla (stridor) kunye neempawu zokurhoxa (ulusu oluphakathi kweembambo) xa ephefumla. Usenokuba nokuphazamiseka kancinci, ukudideka, kwaye abe nobunzima bokuphefumla. Ngeli xesha, umntwana kufuneka asiwe kugqirha ukuze afumane unyango.

• I-Croup Ebuhlungu:

Umntwana one-croup enzima uya kuba ne-stridor kunye ne-hoarseness. Basenokuba nokuphazamiseka kakhulu, bangazinzi, kwaye badiniwe.Ukutshintsha kombala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kolusu (i-cyanosis) kuqhelekile. Ukuqaqamba okukhulu kwesikhumba kusongela ubomi! Mthathe umntwana umse kwigumbi likaxakeka (ETU) ngokukhawuleza.

Ihlala ixesha elingakanani i-croup?

Uninzi lwabantwana luyaphola emva kweempawu ze-croup kwiintsuku ezimbini , kodwa ngamanye amaxesha iimpawu zinokuhlala ukuya kuthi ga kwiveki.

Ndingambuyisela nini umntwana wam esikolweni?

I-Croup sisifo esosulelayo kakhulu. Musa ukuthumela umntwana wakho esikolweni de umkhuhlane wakhe uphele ngokupheleleyo (kufuneka angabi namkhuhlane iiyure ezingama-24 ngaphandle kokunika amayeza okunciphisa umkhuhlane).

Ungayithintela njani intsholongwane ye-croup?

I-croup ingasasazeka ngokudibana okanye ngomoya. Ukuze uyithintele, yenza ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Emva kokunyamekela umntwana , hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle ngesepha uze uzomise.
• Hlamba izinto zokudlala kakuhle emva kokusebenzisa.
• Fundisa umntwana wakho ukuvala umlomo nempumlo xa ekhohlela okanye ethimla.
• Kuphephe ukuthumela umntwana wakho kwiziko lesikolo/lokugcina abantwana xa egula, okanye ukuba isifo sisasazeka kwiindawo ezifana nesikolo.
• Lahla izicubu ezisetyenzisiweyo ngokufanelekileyo.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha? / Ndifanele ndiye nini kwigumbi likaxakeka?

Kwimeko enjalo, thetha nogqirha womntwana wakho:

• Ukuba umntwana unomkhuhlane kangangeentsuku ezingaphezu kwezintathu .
• Ukuba uneempawu zokurhawuzelela kancinci kangangeveki .
• Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nemeko yomntwana wakho.

Ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu ezilandelayo, thatha umntwana wakho umse kwigumbi likaxakeka (ETU) ngoko nangoko:

• Ukuba kukho ubunzima obucacileyo bokuphefumla .
• Ukuba ulusu lujika lube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-cyanosis) (ingakumbi ejikeleze imilebe, ulwimi, kunye neenzipho).
• Ukuba ukukhwehlela okukhulu kuyaqhubeka.
• Ukuba unengxaki yokuginya, okanye ukuba amathe ayaphuma emlonyeni wakho.
• Ukuba awukwazi ukuphefumla, awukwazi ukukhwaza.
• Ukuba wenza isandi esiphezulu somlozi xa uphefumla.
• Ukuba ulusu oluphakathi kwamathambo esifuba kunye nesifuba esingaphezulu lutsalela ngaphakathi (ukurhoxa) xa uphefumla.

Kutheni umntwana wam ehlala enesifo sokuwa?

Ukuba umntwana wakho uhlala enesifo sokuwa kwesifuba, oko kungaba luphawu lokuba kukho ukuncitshiswa kwendlela yakhe yomoya . Oku kumenza abe sesichengeni sosulelo. Oku kuncitshiswa kunokuba khona xa ezalwa okanye kunokuvela kamva. Ukuba isifo sokuwa kwesifuba siqhubeka sisiba mandundu, ugqirha wakho unokukuthumela kwingcali yendlebe, impumlo kunye nomqala (otolaryngologist) okanye kwingcali yokuphefumla (pulmonologist) .

Ngaba abantu abadala banokufumana isifo se-croup?

Abantu abadala banokufumana i-croup, kodwa ayiqhelekanga. Iintsana nabantwana abancinci bafumana i-croup kuba ii-windpipes zabo (ii-tracheas) zincinci kwaye azikhulanga ngokupheleleyo. Njengoko abantwana bekhula, ii-windpipes zabo ziyakhula kwaye zikhula ngokupheleleyo. Nokuba bavuvukala, akuyi kuchaphazela kakhulu ukuphefumla. Ngenxa yokuba abantu abadala baneendlela zomoya ezinkulu, i-croup ayibachaphazeli. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umntu omdala ufumana i-croup, iimpawu zabo zihlala zinzima kwaye banokufuna unyango olukhawulezileyo.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Croup sisifo sokuphefumla esosulelayo kakhulu esichaphazela iintsana nabantwana abancinci. Ungayibona ukuba i-croup ibangelwa kukukhwehlela okubonakalayo "okukhonkothayo" umntwana wakho anako. Uninzi lwexesha, i-croup ayithambi kwaye iyaphela yodwa, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha inokuba mandundu ngokukhawuleza ize yenze kube nzima kumntwana wakho ukuphefumla.

Ngoko ke, ukuba i-croup yomntwana wakho ayiphucuki, okanye ibonakala ngathi iya isiba mandundu, musa ukulibazisa uye kugqirha ukuze ahlolwe aze anyangwe. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukungaxhalabi kwaye wenze into elungileyo. Awuwedwa, sonke sikunye nawe!

` I-Croup, Ukukhohlela okukhonkothayo, Izifo zabantwana, Izifo zokuphefumla, I-Stridor, Ubunzima bokuphefumla