Masifunde ngakumbi malunga nokukhwehlela okungapheliyo (iPertussis). Ngaba umntwana wakho usemngciphekweni?

Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo sisifo esicaphukisayo esingachaphazeli abantwana kuphela, kodwa nabantu abadala. Enyanisweni sisifo esichaphazela inkqubo yokuphefumla. Iimpawu eziphambili sisandi esingaqhelekanga 'sokukhohlela' xa uphefumla kunye nokukhohlela okuqhubekayo. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha, kuba inokuba yingozi kakhulu kwiintsana ezincinci.

Yintoni iPertussis?

Ngamafutshane, ukukhwehlela okuqhawukayo sisifo esosulelayo esichaphazela inkqubo yethu yokuphefumla, oko kukuthi, umphimbo wethu , umphimbo oqhawukayo, kunye nemiphunga . Sibangelwa luhlobo lwebhaktheriya ebizwa ngokuba yi-`(Bordetella pertussis)` . Xa ezi bhaktheriya zingena emzimbeni, zihlala kwindawo yokuphefumla kwaye zibangele ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo. Olu khohlela lunzima kangangokuba ngamanye amaxesha kuba nzima ukuphefumla xa ukhwehlela, kwaye xa uphefumla kwakhona, ungenza isandi esithi 'whoop'. Yiyo loo nto ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-`(Whooping Cough)` ngesiNgesi. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba esi sandi 'whoop' asizi kuwo wonke umntu.

Esi sifo sinokuba yingozi kakhulu kwabanye abantu, ingakumbi iintsana ezingaphantsi konyaka omnye ubudala kunye nabo baneenkqubo zomzimba ezibuthathaka (oko kuthetha ukuba amandla emizimba yabo okulwa nesifo ayancipha). Sinokuba nefuthe elikhulu nakubantu abanezinye izifo zokuphefumla.

Zithini iimpawu zokukhwehlela okungapheliyo?

Xa kuqala ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, kuvakala ngathi ngumkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Ucinga, 'Owu, lo ngumkhuhlane nje.' Kodwa kuthatha iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuba imeko yokwenyani icace.

Iimpawu ezibonakala kwiintsuku zokuqala

Ezi mpawu zilandelayo zinokubonwa kwiveki yokuqala okanye ezimbini:

• Ukukhupha amanzi rhoqo kwilungu lobufazi
• Ukuthimla
• Ukukhwehlela okuncinci kakhulu
• Umkhuhlane omncinci (hayi umkhuhlane ophezulu, kukugodola nje kancinci)

Kwenzeka ntoni xa ukukhwehlela kuqatha?

Emva kweveki okanye ezimbini, ukukhohlela okwakukho umntwana kuba kukukhwehlela okukhulu okuza kuphinde kuphele. Olu khohlela lunzima kangangokuba ngamanye amaxesha kuba nzima ukuphefumla . Khawuthelekelele, ukukhohlela imizuzu embalwa ngexesha, ngaphandle kokuba nexesha lokuphefumla.

• Ngeli xesha, ubuso bomntwana bunokuba bomvu, maxa wambi bube mfusa , kuba kunzima ukuphefumla.
• Xa uphefumla emva kokukhohlela, ungasiva eso sandi sikhethekileyo 'sokukhwaza' endisikhankanyileyo ngaphambili.
• Ngamanye amaxesha ukuhlanza kunokuhambisana nokukhwehlela.

Ibachaphazela njani abantwana abancinci kunye nabantwana abancinci?

Uninzi lwexesha, iintsana nabantwana abancinci abangaphantsi kweminyaka embalwa baya kwenza loo ngxolo 'yokubhomboloza' ngale khohlela. Kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu owenza njalo. Ezinye iintsana ziya kubonakala ngathi ziyasokola ukuphefumla. Ubuso bazo bunokutshintsha bube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Eyona nto iyingozi kukuba ngamanye amaxesha ziyeka ukuphefumla okwethutyana . Kwizonyango, oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-"apnea". Le yimeko eyingozi kakhulu, ingakumbi kwiintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala.

Kuthekani ngabaselula nabadala?

Kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana abadala (masithi, abaneminyaka eli-10-12 ubudala), ezi mpawu zinokwahluka kancinci. Zisenokuba nokukhohlela okungapheliyo, ngaphandle kwesandi 'sokubhomboloza'. Kodwa khumbula, ukuba isitofu asithathwanga kakuhle, sinokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu nakubantu abadala.

Ungazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba kukukhwehlela okungapheliyo?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho unesikhwehlela esibuhlungu, kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngoko nangoko . Ugqirha uza kubuza ngeempawu zomntwana wakho aze azihlole.

• Ngokwesiqhelo, isampuli ye-mucus ithathwa empumlweni nasemqaleni ize ithunyelwe kwilebhu ukuze ivavanywe ukuba ikhona na intsholongwane yeBordetella pertussis.
• Ngamanye amaxesha ugqirha unokugqiba ekubeni enze uvavanyo lwegazi kunye ne-X-ray yesifuba ukuze abone ukuba imiphunga ichaphazelekile na okanye ukuba kukho imeko efana ne-pneumonia eyenzekileyo.

Inyangwa njani i-whooping cough?

Oogqirha banyanga ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo ngee -antibiotics . La mayeza asebenza kakuhle ukuba aqalwe kwangethuba kwesi sifo, ngaphambi kokuba ukukhwehlela okukhulu kuqale. Oku kunokunceda ukuthintela isifo ukuba singabi mandundu. Anokunceda ekunciphiseni umngcipheko wokusasaza isifo kwabanye.

Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onesifo sokukhwehlela, qiniseka ukuba ubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba kufuneka athathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukuthintela ukusasazwa kwesi sifo kwamanye amalungu osapho.

Abanye abantwana kufuneka bangeniswe esibhedlele ukuze bafumane unyango xa befumana ukhwehlela olungapheliyo. Iintsana kunye nabantwana abancinci ngokukodwa bangeniswa esibhedlele kuba banamathuba amaninzi okuba neengxaki ezinkulu, ezifana ne-pneumonia.

Zeziphi iindlela zonyango ezifumanekayo esibhedlele?

Kwiintsana ezincinci, ingakumbi ezo zingaphantsi konyaka omnye ubudala, ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo kunokuba yingozi ebomini kwaye kudla ngokufuna unyango lwasesibhedlele. Nantsi into abayenzayo esibhedlele:

• I-mucus kunye nezinye izinto eziphumayo ziyasuswa empumlweni yomntwana, emlonyeni, nasemqaleni. Oku kungenziwa kusetyenziswa ityhubhu encinci (i-catheter) okanye i-bulb syringe. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukufunxa. Oku kwenziwa ukuze kucoceke indlela yomoya kwaye kube lula ukuphefumla.
• Soloko unika ingqalelo ekuphefumleni komntwana. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, kunokufuneka unike ioksijini, ingakumbi xa kukho ukukhwehlela okukhulu.
• Ukuba umntwana uneempawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, oko kuthetha ukuba ulahlekelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni wakhe, okanye unengxaki yokutya okanye yokusela, kunokufuneka anikwe ulwelo olufakwa kwimithambo yegazi (ii-IV fluids) .
• Kwakhona, kuthathwa amanyathelo okhuseleko akhethekileyo ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwesi sifo kwabanye abaguli, abasebenzi kunye neendwendwe esibhedlele.

Ngaba ukukhwehlela okukruqulayo kuyasulela?

Ewe, ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo sisifo esosulelayo kakhulu . Iintsholongwane endizikhankanyileyo (iBordetella pertussis) zibangela oku. Uyazi ukuba kusasazeka njani?

Xa umntu onesifo sokukhohlela ekhohlela, ethimla, okanye ehleka, iintsholongwane zikhutshwa ziye kwindawo ezikuyo ngamathontsi amancinci (afana namathe) aphuma empumlweni nasemlonyeni. Emva koko, ukuba umntu ophilileyo uphefumla loo moya, okanye uchukumisa indawo engcoliswe ngala mathontsi aze achukumise impumlo okanye umlomo wakhe ngesandla esifanayo, unokosulelwa.

Ngokwesiqhelo kuthatha malunga neveki enye ukuya kwezintathu ukuba umntu abe neempawu emva kokuba echaphazeleke yile ntsholongwane.

Amathuba amakhulu okudlulisela isifo akwinqanaba lokuqala lesi sifo, eliphakathi kweeveki ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu zokuqala emva kokuqala kokukhwehlela. Emva kokuqalisa amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, amandla okudlulisela isifo kwabanye ayaphela emva kweentsuku ezintlanu.

Ihlala ixesha elingakanani i-whooping cough?

Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo kudla ngokuqala ngeempawu ezifana nomkhuhlane. Kuhlala malunga neveki okanye ezimbini. Emva koko kuza ukukhohlela okuqatha. Oku kukhohlela okuqatha kunokuthatha iinyanga ezintathu ! Khawuthelekelele ukuba kunzima kangakanani oko.

Kwinqanaba lokugqibela, xa ukukhwehlela kuphelile kwaye iimpawu ziphucuka, kungathatha iiveki ezininzi ukuba iimpawu ziphele ngokupheleleyo. Kwabanye abantwana, eli xesha lokuchacha linokuhlala iinyanga. Yiyo loo nto abanye abantu beyibiza ngokuba 'kukukhwehlela kweentsuku ezili-100', kodwa akwenzeki kubo bonke abantu.

Abazali banokunceda njani?

Ukuba unyanga umntwana wakho ngenxa yokukhwehlela ekhaya, kufuneka umnike amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kanye njengoko ugqirha emyalele, kwaye ungalibali usuku olunye.

Musa ukunika amayeza okukhwehlela ngaphandle kokuba ucetyiswe ngugqirha. Ingakumbi ungaze uwanike abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-4 ubudala. Kuba anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Enyanisweni, amayeza okukhwehlela awanciphisi ukukhwehlela xa kukhohlela. Kuba olu khohlela luzama umzimba ukucoca iindlela zomoya.

Ngelixa umntwana wakho esaphila, mnike ixesha elaneleyo lokuphumla ebhedini. Ukusebenzisa isixhobo sokupholisa umoya egumbini kunokunceda ukuthomalalisa imiphunga yakhe ebomvu, ebuhlungu kunye neendlela zomoya. (Kodwa qiniseka ukuba ulandela imiyalelo ngononophelo malunga nendlela yokugcina umatshini ucocekile kwaye ungenasikhunta.)

Ziphephe izinto ezingaphakathi endlwini ezinokubangela ukukhohlela. Umzekelo, gcina umntwana wakho kude nezitshizi ze-aerosol (ezifana nezitshizi zevumba elimnandi), umsi wecuba, umsi wokupheka, kunye nomsi ophuma kwizitovu zeenkuni.

Ngenxa yokuba abantwana abanomkhuhlane oqho ...

• Unxano olugqithisileyo, ukucaphuka, ukungazinzi, ukudinwa, amehlo atshonileyo
• Umlomo nolwimi olomileyo, ukuziva unamathela, ulusu olomileyo
• Nokuba ukhala, iinyembezi aziyi kuphuma.
• Ukuncipha kokuchama rhoqo (kwimeko yeentsana ezincinci, ukwehla kokuchama rhoqo kwe-nappies ezimanzi)

Ngaba ukukhwehlela okukrwitshayo kunokuthintelwa?

Ewe! Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo kunokuthintelwa. Okufuneka ukwenze kukufumana ugonyo lwe-pertussis . Olu gonyo luyinxalenye yogonyo lwe-DTaP (i-diphtheria, i-tetanus, kunye ne-pertussis) esihlala silunika abantwana bethu.

Ithini ishedyuli yokugonywa?

Isitofu sokugonya se-DTaP sidla ngokunikwa umntwana ngothotho lweedosi ezi-5 ngaphambi kokuba abe neminyaka emithandathu ubudala . Nangona kunjalo, njengoko amandla okuzikhusela anikezelwa sesi sitofu esenokuncipha ngokuhamba kwexesha, i-booster shot (Tdap) yomkhuhlane womqala inikwa abantwana abaphakathi kweminyaka eli-11 neli-12 njengenyathelo elongezelelweyo lokukhusela.

Kubalulekile kubantu abaselula nakubantu abadala ukuba bafumane inaliti yokunyusa ukuba abakayifumani. Kwakhona, abafazi abakhulelweyo bayacetyiswa ukuba bafumane inaliti yokukhusela abantwana babo abasandula kuzalwa ngexesha lesithathu lesibini lokukhulelwa ukuze bakhusele abantwana babo abasandula kuzalwa. Emva koko, inaliti yokunyusa iyacetyiswa rhoqo emva kweminyaka eli-10 ye-diphtheria kunye ne-tetanus. Ngelo xesha, kufuneka ubuze ugqirha wakho ukuba inaliti yokunyusa kufuneka iquke nokukhwehlela.

Ukufumana olu gonyo kubaluleke kakhulu kubantu abasondeleyo kubantwana abancinci , kuba ukukhohlela okungapheliyo kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu, ngamanye amaxesha ezisongela ubomi bomntwana. Ngenxa yokuba amandla abantu abadala okuzikhusela ekukhohleleni okungapheliyo ayancipha ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukufumana olu gonyo kunokunceda ukukhusela iintsana zabo kunye nabantwana abadala kwesi sifo.

Njengakwiishedyuli zonke zokugonywa, kunokubakho iimeko ezikhethekileyo kunye nezinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele. Ugqirha wakho ngulowo unolwazi lwamva nje ngalo mba.

Abantu abahlala okanye abasondelelene nomntu onesifo sokukhwehlela, nokuba sele bekhe bagonyelwa isifo sokukhwehlela, kufuneka bathathe amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwesi sifo . Kwakhona, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngale nto.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho unesikhwehlela esibuhlungu, okanye ebesondelelene nomntu onesikhwehlela esibuhlungu,Nokuba umntwana sele efumene zonke izitofu zokugonya zepertussis ezicetyiswayo ngaphambili, bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko.

Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umntwana wakho ukhwehlela rhoqo kwaye uhamba nayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Ukuba ulusu okanye imilebe yomntwana ijika ibe bomvu, ibe mfusa, okanye ibe luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngenxa yokukhohlela.
• Ukuba umntwana uyahlanza emva kokukhohlela.
• Ukuba uva eso sandi 'sokukhwaza' emva kokukhohlela.

Ufanele ufune ingcebiso yezonyango ngoko nangoko kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Ukuba umntwana unengxaki yokuphefumla .
• Ukuba ukuphefumla komntwana kuyeka okwethutyana (`(apnea)`).
• Ukuba umntwana udiniwe kakhulu kwaye ulele.
• Ukuba ubonisa iimpawu zokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.

Umyalezo Wokugqibela Wokuya Ekhaya

Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo sisifo esinokuba yingozi, ingakumbi kubantwana abancinci. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba siyazi, sigonyelwe ngexesha, kwaye sifune iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza xa kuvela iimpawu, sinokubakhusela abantwana bethu kwesi sifo sicaphukisayo.

• Ukugonywa lolona khuselo lubalaseleyo. Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho ufumene zonke izitofu zakhe ezifunekayo ngexesha. Oomama abakhulelweyo kunye nabantu abadala abasondeleyo kubantwana nabo kufuneka bacinge ngokufumana isithambisi sokukhwehlela.
• Qaphela iimpawu. Nokuba iqala njengomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo, ukuba ukukhwehlela kuba nzima, okanye ukuba uva isandi 'sokubhomboloza', bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Landela imiyalelo kagqirha ngokuchanekileyo. Nika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ixesha elipheleleyo elimiselweyo.
• Nceda uthintele ukusasazeka kwesi sifo. Ukuba kukho umntu ohlala endlwini yakho ofumana ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo, thetha nogqirha wakho malunga namanyathelo onokuwathatha ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwaso kwabanye.

Khumbula, ukukhathalela kwakho kunye nesenzo sakho esikhawulezileyo zezona zinto zibalulekileyo kwimpilo yomntwana wakho.

Ukukhwehlela okungapheliyo , iPertussis, Izifo ezisulelayo, Ukukhwehlela kwabantwana, Ukugonywa, iDTaP, iTdap