Ngaba wakha waba nengxaki yokugweba ukuba imoto ephambi kwakho ikude kangakanani ngelixa uhamba endleleni? Okanye wakha wafikelela kwiglasi yamanzi etafileni waza wayiwisa ngempazamo? Okanye mhlawumbi awukwazanga ukuqonda ukuba unyathele phi xa usiya phantsi kwezinyuko. Izinto ezinje zinokwenzeka kuthi ngamanye amaxesha. Isizathu esiphambili soku kukuba amehlo ethu anomahluko omncinci kubuchule bawo bokuchonga ngokuchanekileyo umgama, ubungakanani, kunye nobunzulu bento, okubizwa ngokuba 'kukuqonda ubunzulu'.
Yintoni i-Deep Perception?
Ngamafutshane, ukuqonda ubunzulu kukukwazi kwethu ukubona izinto ngokwemilinganiselo emithathu (3D). Oko kukuthi, kusinceda siqonde kungekuphela nje ukuphakama nobubanzi bento ethile, kodwa nobunzulu bayo, ukuba ikude kangakanani na kuthi, nokuba inkulu kangakanani na. Oku akusiyonto nje enye, yinto emangalisayo kakhulu eyenziwa ziindawo ezininzi zamehlo nengqondo yethu kunye.
Khawuthelekelele ufunda eli nqaku kwifowuni yakho. Isikrini sefowuni kunye nombhalo okuso azikho kwinqanaba elifanayo, zithe tyaba kuwe. Uyabona ukuba umbhalo ukwisikrini kwaye ifowuni isesandleni sakho. Eso sixhobo sisinceda sibone izinto ngokwemilinganiselo emithathu (3D) yinto esiyibiza ngokuba kukuqonda okunzulu. Ngaphandle kwesi sixhobo, ihlabathi liphela esilibonayo beliya kujongeka njengomfanekiso othe tyaba.
Kutheni ukuqonda okunzulu kubalulekile kuthi?
Oku akupheleli nje ekuboneni izinto ezintle. Kukwabaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko lobomi bethu bemihla ngemihla .
- Xa uqhuba: Olu buchule lubalulekile ekuqondeni umgama oya kwisithuthi esingaphambili, umgama oya kumntu owela indlela, kunye nokuba ikhona na indawo xa upaka imoto.
- Xa uhamba esitalatweni: Oku kuyimfuneko xa unyuka unyuka izinyuko, xa uphepha umngxuma esitalatweni, naxa uhamba phakathi kwesihlwele.
- Xa udlala: Khawuthelekelele udlala ikhilikithi. Ukuqonda ubunzulu kuyadingeka ukuze kuchongwe ngokuchanekileyo ixesha lokubetha ibhola engenayo, isantya sebhola, kunye nendawo yokuyibamba.
Ngamafutshane, obu buchule businceda siqonde indawo kunye nomgama wezinto phantse kuyo yonke imisebenzi esiyenzayo.
Isebenza njani le nto ibizwa ngokuba kukuqonda okunzulu?
Le yinkqubo enzima kancinci, kodwa masiyigcine ilula. Le yinxalenye yenkqubo yethu ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Visual Pathway'. Kwenzeka ngamanyathelo ambalwa:
1. Ukukhanya okungena elisweni: Okokuqala, ukukhanya okuvela kwinto esiyibonayo kungena elisweni lethu.
2. I-Retina kunye ne-Optic Nerve: Olu kukhanya luwela kwi -retina , isikrini esingasemva kweliso, kwaye luguqula olo lwazi lube ziimpawu zombane. Ezi zimpawu emva koko zithunyelwa kwi- optic nerve yethu.
3. I-Optic chiasm: Imithambo-luvo yamehlo ethu omabini idibana ngendlela ka-'X' ngaphambili kwengqondo. Oku kubizwa ngokubaIbizwa ngokuba yi-Optic Chiasm.
4. I-Visual cortex: Okokugqibela, olu lwazi luya kwinxalenye yengqondo ezinikele ekuboneni, i-visual cortex , edibanisa imifanekiso evela emehlweni omabini, ihlalutye umahluko omncinci kuwo, kwaye idale umfanekiso opheleleyo onemilinganiselo emithathu (3D) esiwubonayo.
Ngokwesiqhelo, sidinga omabini amehlo, okanye umbono we-binocular , ukuze sibe nokuqonda okuchanekileyo kobunzulu. Xa sijonga ngamehlo omabini, sibona into efanayo kwii-engile ezimbini ezincinci, ngoko ke kulula ukuba ingqondo ibale umgama kunye nobunzulu ngokuchanekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, nakubantu abaneliso elinye kuphela (umbono we-monocular) , ngokuhamba kwexesha ingqondo iyaqhela oku kwaye iyakwazi ukubona ubunzulu ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile. Nangona kunjalo, kusenokungabi lula njengaxa sibona ngamehlo omabini.
Ziziphi iimeko zonyango eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela ukuqonda okunzulu?
Ukuba kukho ingxaki ngamehlo ethu okanye indlela yokubona engqondweni yethu, oku kunokuchaphazela nendlela esibona ngayo izinto ngokunzulu. Nazi ezinye zeemeko eziqhelekileyo.
| Imeko yezonyango | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Umbono ophantsi | Iingxaki zokubona ezifana nokubona kude kunye nokubona kufutshane zithintela amehlo ekuthumeleni umfanekiso ocacileyo engqondweni, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukubona ubunzulu. |
| IStrabismus | Amehlo awajongi kwicala elinye, kodwa elinye iliso lijikelwe kwelinye icala. Oku kwenza kube nzima ngengqondo ukudibanisa le mifanekiso mibini nokwenza umfanekiso we-3D. |
| Iliso elivilaphayo (i-Amblyopia) | Umbono kwelinye iliso ubuthathaka kakhulu kunelinye. Oku kubangela ukuba ingqondo ingawunaki umyalezo ovela kweli liso libuthathaka. Oku kukwachaphazela nokuqonda okunzulu. |
| Ukulimala kwamehlo | Ukuba kwenzeka ingozi eyonakalisa iliso, ingakumbi i-optic nerve, ulwazi olufikelela ebuchotsheni lunokuphazamiseka kwaye ukuqonda okunzulu kunokulahleka. |
Ndingayazi njani ukuba ndinengxaki ngendlela endiqonda ngayo izinto ngokunzulu?
Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho embonweni wakho, yazi loo nto. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, kungcono ukubona ugqirha .
| Nikela ingqalelo kwezi mpawu. | |
|---|---|
| Umbono ofipheleyo | Ukuba izinto zibonakala zingacacanga kwaye zingabonakali ngokucacileyo. |
| Umbono ophindwe kabini (iDiplopia) | Ukuba into enye ifana nezimbini. |
| Intlungu entsha yeliso | Intlungu yamehlo eyenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu kwaye engapheziyo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. |
| Uvelwano ekukhanyeni | Ukuba amehlo akho aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuba ekukhanyeni okuqhelekileyo. |
| Ukonakala kombono | Ukuba uvakalelwa kukuba umbono wakho uya usiba mandundu kancinci kancinci. |
Ngaba ukuqonda kwethu okunzulu kuyancipha ebusuku?
Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo. Nangona sihlala singaboni kakuhle ebusuku ngenxa yokungabikho kokukhanya, amandla ethu okubona ubunzulu akufuneki ancitshiswe. Oko kukuthi, sifanele sikwazi ukuqonda umgama kunye nobukhulu bento nokuba kusebusuku.
Kodwa ukuba umbono wakho wasebusuku umbi kakhulu kuneminye, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukuqhuba, oko kungaba luphawu lwesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi -'night blindness' (iNyctalopia) . Ukuba uhlangabezana nale meko , bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza..
Zithini iindlela zonyango zezi ngxaki?
Uninzi lwexesha, isisombululo sale nto silula kakhulu: lungisa amehlo akho.
- Iiglasi okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana: Ukuba awukaze uzinxibe iiglasi ngaphambili, ungadinga iiglasi okanye iilensi zokunxibelelana. Ukuba sele uzinxibile, ungadinga ukutshintsha ummiselo wakho.
- Unyango lwesi sifo esingundoqo: Ukuba unesinye isifo, esifana ne-strabismus, ugqirha wakho uya kukuchazela unyango olufunekayo (mhlawumbi ukuzilolonga okanye utyando) ngenxa yaso.
Siwanyamekela njani amehlo ethu?
- Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho embonweni wakho, nokuba luncinci kangakanani, xelela ugqirha wakho.
- Ukuba unxiba iiglasi, jonga amehlo akho rhoqo kwaye uhlaziye amayeza akho.
- Xa udlala imidlalo okanye usenza umsebenzi onokuba yingozi emehlweni akho (umz., ukuwelda, ukusarha iinkuni), nxiba iiglasi zokhuseleko ezikulinganayo.
Ngawaphi amaxesha afanelekileyo okubonana nogqirha?
Oku kubaluleke kakhulu. Bonana nogqirha kwangoko xa ubona naluphi na utshintsho embonweni wakho. Musa ukucinga nje ukuba, "Oku kuza kuphela kwiintsuku ezimbalwa." Kusenokuba yinto elula, kodwa isenokuba luphawu lokuqala lwemeko embi kakhulu. Ngoko ke musa ukulinda de iimpawu zakho zibe mandundu.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ukuba ulahlekelwa yimbono yakho ngequbuliso, okanye ukuba ufumana iintlungu ezinkulu zamehlo, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
Ukuqonda kwethu okunzulu sisixhobo esibalulekileyo esisinika ulwazi oluninzi malunga nendawo esikuyo ngamehlo ethu. Ngaphandle kwayo, ihlabathi esilibonayo beliya kuba lithe tyaba kwaye lingenasimo. Ngoko ke lumka amehlo akho. Ungalibali nokuba lutshintsho oluncinci embonweni wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukuqonda okunzulu sisixhobo esibalulekileyo esisinceda sibone ihlabathi kwi-3D size siqonde umgama kunye nobukhulu bezinto.
- Oku kufuna ukuba amehlo ethu kunye nengqondo yethu zibe sempilweni kwaye zisebenzisane.
- Ukuba uneempawu ezifana nokungaboni kakuhle, ukubona kabini, okanye intlungu entsha yamehlo, musa ukuzityeshela.
- Amaxesha amaninzi, ezi ngxaki zinokulungiswa ngokusebenzisa iiglasi okanye iilensi zoqhagamshelwano ezifanelekileyo.
- Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho embonweni wakho, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.Ukuba ulahlekelwa yimbono ngequbuliso okanye intlungu eqatha, yiya kwi-ETU ngoko nangoko.
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