Yintoni i-SIADH (i-Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion)? Masithethe ngayo ngokulula!

Ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba ubungakanani bamanzi emzimbeni wethu abulawulwa nje kuphela, kodwa ukuba i-hormone ekhethekileyo iyanceda? Enyanisweni, kukho indlela emangalisayo enceda ukugcina ubungakanani bamanzi netyuwa (oko kukuthi i-sodium) emzimbeni wethu ilungile. Eyona iphambili enceda ngale nto yi-hormone ethi `ADH`. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha xa le hormone ethi `ADH` iqala ukuqokelelana kakhulu emzimbeni wethu, iingxaki ezincinci zinokuvela. Leyo yimeko esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje, `SIADH (Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion)`. Nangona igama lisenokubonakala lide kancinci, masiliqonde ngokulula.

Yintoni kanye kanye i-SIADH?

Ngamafutshane, i-SIADH yimeko apho umzimba wakho uvelisa i-hormone eninzi kakhulu, okanye ngendlela engafanelekanga, i-hormone ethi `Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH). Le hormone ethi `ADH` ikwabizwa ngokuba yi`Vasopressin`. Le hormone ethi `ADH` iveliswa kwi-hypothalamus ebuchosheni bethu. Emva koko, igcinwa kwi-posterior pituitary gland kwaye ikhutshelwa emzimbeni xa kufuneka. Ngoku, makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi izinto ezibalulekileyo ezinceda le hormone ethi `ADH` emzimbeni wethu:

• Ukugcina ulungelelwano phakathi kobungakanani bamanzi kunye nesodium ( ityuwa ) egazini lethu.
• Inceda ekulawuleni uxinzelelo lwegazi .
• Inceda izintso zisebenze kakuhle.

Ukubeka izinto ngokulula, i-hormone ethi `ADH` ilawula ubuninzi bamanzi akhutshwa zizintso zakho kumchamo wakho. Kwimeko ye-`SIADH`, ngenxa yokugqithisa kwale hormone ethi `ADH`, umzimba wakho uqala ukugcina amanzi amaninzi. Isiphumo esiphambili soku kukuba amanqanaba esodium (ityuwa) egazini lakho ayancipha. Ngokwezonyango, oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-`Hyponatremia`.

Ngoobani abanokuthi bachatshazelwe kakhulu yi-SIADH?

Enyanisweni, nabani na unokuba ne-'SIADH'. Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko wale meko uyanda ngokuhamba kweminyaka. Ngokubanzi, le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-'SIADH' ixhaphake kakhulu kwi:

• Phakathi kwabantu abachachayo emva kotyando ezibhedlele, oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yolwelo olunikwa emva kotyando, amayeza athile, kunye nendlela umzimba osabela ngayo kwiintlungu noxinzelelo.
• Phakathi kwabantu abanomhlaza wemiphunga, ingakumbi abo banohlobo olubizwa ngokuba yi-"Small Cell Lung Cancer ( SCLC )".

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-SIADH?

I-'SIADH' yimeko eqhelekileyo. I-'Hyponatremia' (i-sodium ephantsi egazini) esiyixubushileyo ngaphambili yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo yokungalingani kwe-'Electrolyte' ebonwa kwizigulana ezibhedlele. I-'SIADH' yeyona nto ibangela i-'Hyponatremia'.

I-SIADH ibangela njani i-hyponatremia?

Khawuthelekelele unxaniwe kakhulu. Umzimba wakho wenza ntoni? Inika umzimba umqondiso wokuba ukhuphe i-hormone ethi `ADH`. Emva koko izintso zinciphisa ubuninzi bamanzi akhutshwayo kumchamo, kwaye umzimba ugcina loo manzi. Xa usela amanzi, xa unxaniwe unciphile, umzimba uyeka ukukhupha i-`ADH`, kwaye izintso ziqala ukukhupha amanzi kumchamo ngokuqhelekileyo kwakhona. Le yinkqubo eqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kubantu abaninzi abane-`SIADH`, ukukhululwa kwe-hormone ethi `ADH` akuyehli ngokufanelekileyo nasemva kokusela amanzi. Ngenxa yoko, umchamo wabo uxinene kakhulu (oko kuthetha amanzi amancinci kunye nenkunkuma eninzi). Oku kubangela ukuba amanzi aqokeleleke emzimbeni. Xa la manzi eqokeleleka, izinto ezifana ne-sodium egazini ziyancitshiswa. Kulapho inqanaba le-sodium egazini liyehla, elibizwa ngokuba yi-`Hyponatremia`. Kwezinye iimeko ze-`SIADH`, xa umzimba unamanzi amaninzi, izintso zinikwa umqondiso wokuba zikhuphe ityuwa eninzi (isodium) kumchamo. Le yenye imbangela ye-`hyponatremia`.

Zithini iimpawu ze-SIADH?

Xa une-'SIADH', umchamo wakho uxinene kakhulu. Oko kuthetha ukuba kukho inkunkuma eninzi kakhulu kwaye amanzi mancinci kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuba umzimba wakho awuhlali ukhupha amanzi ngomchamo, inani lamanzi egazini lakho liyakhula. Oku kunciphisa izinto ezifana ne-sodium egazini lakho.

Amanqanaba aphantsi esodium egazini (hyponatremia) yeyona nto ibangela iimpawu ze- SIADH .

Amaxesha amaninzi, nokuba amanqanaba esodium aphantsi kancinci awabangeli zimpawu zibalulekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amanqanaba esodium aphantsi okanye aphantsi kakhulu, iimpawu ezifana nezi zinokwenzeka:

• Ukushukuma kwemisipha okanye ubuthathaka. Khawuthelekelele uziva ngathi imilenze yakho iyashukuma nje.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza .
• Intloko ebuhlungu .
• Iingxaki ngokulinganisela, nto leyo ngamanye amaxesha enokubangela ukuwa.
• Utshintsho lwengqondo, olufana nobunzima bokugxila, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo, kunye/okanye ukuziphatha okungaqhelekanga.
• Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, ukuxhuzula okanye i-coma inokwenzeka.

Zithini izizathu ze-SIADH?

Uninzi lwexesha, i-SIADH ibangelwa yenye imeko yezonyango. I-SIADH edluliselwa kwilifa (oko kuthetha ukuba idluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana) ayiqhelekanga kakhulu.Ibangelwa kukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo kwi-'Vasopressin 2 (V2) receptors' ezintso. Nazi ezinye zeemeko kunye nezizathu ezidla ngokubangela ukuba kubekho i-'SIADH':

• Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza: Ezinye iithumba zinokuvelisa i-hormone yazo ye-ADH. Oku kunokukhokelela kwi-ADH eninzi emzimbeni, nto leyo ekhokelela kwi-SIADH. Umhlaza wemiphunga weeseli ezincinci (i-SCLC) lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza oluvelisa i-ADH ngale ndlela. Ukongeza, iimhlaza ezifana nee-carcinomas zeeseli ezincinci ezikhula ngaphandle kwemiphunga, umhlaza wentloko nentamo, kunye ne-olfactory neuroblastomas nazo zinokubangela i-SIADH.
• Iingxaki zeNkqubo yeNervous ePhakathi (CNS): Inkqubo yethu yenervous yenziwe yingqondo kunye nomqolo. Nakuphi na ukungaqheleki kule nkqubo, okufana nestroke, ukopha ebuchotsheni, usulelo, ukwenzakala, okanye, ngokungafane kwenzeke, i-psychosis, kunokubangela i-SIADH.
• Amanye amayeza: Amanye amayeza anokunyusa ukukhululwa okanye ukusebenza kwehomoni ethi `ADH`. Ke ngoko, i-`SIADH` inokwenzeka. Umzekelo, amanye amayeza okuxhuzula, amayeza okudakumba, amayeza omhlaza, kunye namanye amayeza esifo sentliziyo, isifo seswekile, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
• Utyando oluphantsi kwe-anesthesia: I-SIADH inokunxulunyaniswa notyando. Oku kusenokubangelwa luxinzelelo lwengqondo nolomzimba olufunyanwa ngumzimba.
• Isifo semiphunga: Isifo semiphunga, ingakumbi i-pneumonia (ebangelwa ziintsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, okanye isifo sephepha), sinokubangela i-SIADH. Abaphandi abakaqiniseki ukuba kutheni oku kusenzeka.
• Ukunqongophala kwamahomoni: Zombini ezi meko zibizwa ngokuba yi-'Hypopituitarism' (i-pituitary gland engasebenzi kakuhle) kunye ne-'Hypothyroidism' (i-thyroid gland engasebenzi kakuhle) zinokubangela i-'SIADH'.

Ifunyaniswa njani i-SIADH?

Ukuba uneempawu ze-hyponatremia (i-sodium ephantsi egazini), ugqirha wakho uza kwenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba. Baza kujonga nemeko yakho yolwelo. Oku kubalulekile ukuze kwenziwe uxilongo oluchanekileyo. Baza kujonga ukuba uphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni, uphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni, okanye ulungile na. Akukho vavanyo lubalaseleyo lokufumanisa i-SIADH. Nangona kukho iimvavanyo ezinokujonga inqanaba le-ADH egazini lakho, kungathatha ukuya kwiiveki ezimbini ukuba iziphumo zibuye. Ke ngoko, ugqirha wakho uya kuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo zokujonga i-hyponatremia, ezifana:

• Iphaneli eQhelekileyo yeMetabolic (CMP).
• Uvavanyo lwe-osmolality yegazi.
• Uvavanyo lwe-Osmolality yomchamo.
• Uvavanyo lwesodium kunye ne-potassium yomchamo.
• Izikrini zeToxicology zamanye amayeza.

Ukuba umntwana wakho uneempawu ze-SIADH, ugqirha unokuyalela uvavanyo lwemifanekiso (umz., iiskeni) zemiphunga kunye nengqondo.

Iphathwa njani i-SIADH?

Unyango lwe-SIADH luxhomekeke kwisizathu. Umzekelo, ukuba unethumba elivelisa i-ADH, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando ukuze lisuswe. Ukuba imeko ibangelwa liyeza, ugqirha wakho unokutshintsha idosi yeyeza okanye anike amayeza ahlukileyo. Kuzo zonke iimeko ze-SIADH, inyathelo lokuqala kukunciphisa ulwelo oluselayo. Oku kunceda ukuthintela umzimba wakho ukuba ungagcini ulwelo oluninzi. Ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba ulwelo olungakanani omele ulusele yonke imihla (kuquka amanzi, ikofu, iti, kunye neziselo ezineswekile). Ukuba uneempawu eziqatha ze-hyponatremia (ezifana nokudideka, ukuxhuzula), yingxamiseko yezonyango. Oku kudla ngokuphathwa esibhedlele nge-saline (isicombululo setyuwa esinikwa nge-IV) esifakwa emthanjeni. Ungadinga amayeza okuthintela iziphumo ze-hormone ye-ADH kwizintso zakho. Emva koko izintso zifumana imiqondiso kwaye ziqale ukukhupha amanzi angaphezulu emzimbeni ngomchamo.

Ngaba i-SIADH ingathintelwa?

Ngenxa yokuba zininzi izizathu ze-'SIADH', kudla ngokuba nzima ukuyithintela. Ukuba ukhathazekile ukuba usenokuba ne-'SIADH' okanye 'hyponatremia', thetha nogqirha wakho.

Ithini ingqikelelo ye-SIADH?

Imbonakalo ye-SIADH ixhomekeke kwisizathu esiyintloko. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lwezizathu ze-SIADH zinokuguqulwa kwaye/okanye ziyanyangeka. I-hyponatremia ebukhali, eyenzeka ngokukhawuleza, ngaphantsi kweeyure ezingama-48, iyingozi ngakumbi kune-hyponatremia ekhula kancinci kancinci ngokuhamba kwexesha. I-hyponatremia engapheliyo inxulunyaniswa neengxaki ze-neurological (umz., ukulahlekelwa yibhalansi, ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo). Ukuba i-SIADH inzima kwaye inqanaba le-sodium egazini lehla kakhulu, oku kulandelayo kunokwenzeka:

• Ukulahlekelwa zingqondo, ukubona izinto ezingekhoyo, okanye ukuba kwi-coma.
• Uqhaqho lwengqondo.
• Ukufa.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha malunga ne-SIADH?

Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ze-hyponatremia, ezinje ngokuqaqamba kwemisipha kunye neengxaki zokulinganisela, thetha nogqirha wakho. Ekubeni zinokubakho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zezi mpawu, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo.

Ukuba uneempawu ze-hyponatremia enzima, ezinje ngokudideka, ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, okanye ukuxhuzula, yiya esibhedlele esikufutshane ngokukhawuleza.

I-SIADH yimeko eqhelekileyo enokuba nezizathu ezininzi. Idla ngokuchaphazela abantu abasele belele esibhedlele. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumana iimpawu ze-SIADH, ezifana nokucaphuka okanye utshintsho lwengqondo, kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyiqonda ngcono i-'SIADH' esithethe ngayo namhlanje.

• I-'SIADH' yimeko apho umzimba ugcina amanzi kwaye inciphisa i-sodium egazini ngenxa yokuveliswa kakhulu kwehomoni ethi `ADH`.
• Zininzi izizathu zoku; izinto ezifana nomhlaza, amayeza athile, utyando, isifo semiphunga, njl.
• Iimpawu zingabandakanya isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, isiyezi, kunye notshintsho lwengqondo . Kwiimeko ezinzima, ukuxhuzula kunye nokulahlekelwa zingqondo kunokwenzeka.
• Unyango lunokuquka ukulawula ulwelo, ukunyanga unobangela, kunye nokunika ityuwa okanye amayeza ukuba kuyimfuneko .
• Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba, ukuba unezi mpawu, ungoyiki kwaye ufune ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko. Ngale ndlela, unokufumanisa ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ingxaki kwaye uqale unyango olufunekayo.

Ukunyamekela impilo yakho yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izinto ezinje. I-SIADH, i-Antidiuretic Hormone, i-ADH, i-Hyponatremia, i-Vasopressin, i-Sodium, i-Hormone Imbalance