Ukuba unesifo seswekile, mhlawumbi ukhe weva ibinzana elithi "iswekile ephezulu egazini" ngalo lonke ixesha. Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ukuba kwenzeke kumhlobo okanye kwisalamane sakho. Ngamafutshane, oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-hyperglycemia yisayensi yezonyango. Oku kuthetha ukuba ubungakanani beglucose (iswekile) egazini lakho buyanda kakhulu. Oku kwenzeka kuba umzimba wakho awuvelisi i-hormone insulin ngokufanelekileyo okanye awukwazi ukusebenzisa i-insulin eyivelisa ngokufanelekileyo. Ke namhlanje, masithethe ngale nto nzulu kancinci, ngendlela wonke umntu anokuyiqonda.
Yintoni kanye kanye i-hyperglycemia?
Cinga nje, iiseli emzimbeni wethu zifana neenjini ezincinci. Ezi injini zifuna amandla, okanye ipetroli, ukuze zisebenze. Le petroli yiglucose, esiyifumana ekutyeni esikutyayo, ingakumbi ekutyeni okuqulethe iicarbohydrate. Kodwa le glucose ayinakungena ngqo kwiiseli. Ifuna uncedo oluvela kwihomoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-insulin. I-insulin ifana nesitshixo esivula ucango oluya kwiseli.
Umntu onesifo seswekile unengxaki ngesi sitshixo (i-insulin). Nokuba azikho izihluthulelo ezaneleyo (isifo seswekile sohlobo 1), okanye nokuba zikho izihluthulelo, azilingani kakuhle nesitshixo socango (ukuxhathisa i-insulin, okwenzeka kwisifo seswekile sohlobo 2). Kwenzeka ntoni ke ngoko? Iglucose eqokelelana egazini ayinakungena kwiiseli kwaye iqokelelana egazini. Oku kwanda kwamanqanaba eswekile egazini kubizwa ngokuba yi-hyperglycemia.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokwenza oku:
| Uhlobo lwe-hyperglycemia | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukuzila iHyperglycemia | Oku kuthetha ukuba inqanaba leswekile egazini lakho liphezulu kune -130 mg/dL emva kokuba ungatyanga okanye usele nantoni na ubuncinane iiyure ezi-8. (Ukuba ixabiso lakho liphakathi kwe-100-125 mg/dL, lithathwa njenge-prediabetes.) |
| I-Hyperglycemia emva kokutya | Xa amanqanaba eswekile egazini ejongwa emva kweeyure ezi-2 emva kokutya, angaphezulu kwe -180 mg/dL . Nokuba emva kokutya okuninzi, eli xabiso alifane linyuke ngaphezu kwe-140 mg/dL kumntu onesifo seswekile. |
Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukuba le meko ixhaphakile okanye ihlala ihleli, inokonakalisa imithambo-luvo yakho, imithambo yegazi, kunye namalungu angaphakathi. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuyixilonga nokuyinyanga ngokukhawuleza.
Zithini izizathu zokuba kubekho amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini?
Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba umntu onesifo seswekile abe namanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini.
- Ukulibala okanye ukungasebenzisi iipilisi zakho ze-insulin okanye zesifo seswekile ngexesha elifanelekileyo .
- Ukutya ukutya okuqulethe iicarbohydrates (istatshi) ezingaphezulu kunomlinganiselo we-insulin oyifunayo. Umzekelo, ukutya irayisi, isonka, okanye iitapile ezininzi.
- Usulelo emzimbeni.
- Nasiphi na esinye isifo okanye imeko (umz. umkhuhlane, umkhuhlane).
- Uxinzelelo oluphezulu.
- Ukungazilolongi umzimba okanye ukungazilolongi rhoqo.
- Ngamanye amaxesha, ukwenza umthambo onzima kakhulu (ingakumbi xa iswekile egazini sele iphezulu kwaye amanqanaba e-insulin ephantsi) nako kunokuba yimbangela.
Ngaba abantu abangenaso isifo seswekile banokuba neswekile ephezulu egazini?
Ewe, nabantu abangenaso isifo seswekile ngamanye amaxesha banokuba ne-hyperglycemia.
- I-Cushing's syndrome: Le yimeko engaqhelekanga eyenzeka xa umzimba unezinga eliphezulu le-hormone cortisol ixesha elide.
- Izifo zepancreas: Ukuba kukho isifo sepancreas esivelisa i-insulin (i-pancreatitis okanye umhlaza wepancreas), ukuveliswa kwe-insulin kunokuphazamiseka.
- I-Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): Le meko, exhaphakileyo kubasetyhini, ibonakaliswa kukunganyamezelani ne-insulin.
- Amayeza athile: Amayeza athile, anjengee-steroids, anokunyusa amanqanaba eswekile yegazi okwethutyana.
Zithini iimpawu zeswekile ephezulu egazini?
Iimpawu ze-hyperglycemia zingahluka kumanqanaba okuqala nanjengoko imeko iqhubeka. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ezi.
| Iimpawu zokuqala | Iimpawu ezenzeka ixesha elide |
|---|---|
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Ingxamiseko: I-Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)
Le yinto ekufuneka uyilumkele kakhulu. Ukuba i-hyperglycemia iyaqhubeka ingajongwa, ingakumbi kubantu abanesifo seswekile sohlobo 1, inokukhokelela kwimeko eyingozi nesongela ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yiDiabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA).
Ngamafutshane, xa iiseli zingakwazi ukufumana iglucose, umzimba uqala ukutshisa amafutha ukuze ufumane amandla. Le nkqubo ivelisa iikhemikhali ezibizwa ngokuba yi "ketones." Xa ezi ketones ziqokelelana egazini, igazi liba ne-asidi. Oku kuyingozi kakhulu.
Iimpawu zesifo se-DKA:
- Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza
- Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni kakhulu
- Isisu esibuhlungu
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla
- Ivumba leziqhamo emlonyeni
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo
- Ukudideka kunye nokulahlekelwa zingqondo (coma)
Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unale mpawu, kufuneka uye kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko. Le yingxamiseko yezonyango.
Singayilawula kwaye siyithintele njani le meko?
Ukuba unesifo seswekile kwaye ufumana iimpawu zokuqala ezichazwe apha ngasentla, qala ujonge amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho. Emva koko uthethe nogqirha wakho. Angakunika iingcebiso ezifana nale:
1. Sela amanzi amaninzi: Ukusela amanzi kunceda ekukhupheni iswekile egqithisileyo emzimbeni ngomchamo. Kungathintela nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni.
2. Ukuzilolonga: Ukuzilolonga kunokunceda ukwehlisa amanqanaba eswekile egazini. Kodwa nantsi into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule. Ukuba amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho sele ephezulu kwaye unee-ketones kumchamo wakho (ingakumbi kwisifo seswekile sohlobo 1), ukuzilolonga kungenza izinto zibe mbi ngakumbi.Ngoko ke, qiniseka ukuba ucela iingcebiso kugqirha wakho malunga nendlela yokuzilolonga.
3. Tshintsha indlela otya ngayo: Kusenokufuneka utshintshe ubungakanani kunye nohlobo lweecarbohydrates ekutyeni kwakho. Ungacela ingcebiso kwingcali yokutya ukuze ufumane oku.
4. Ukutshintsha Amayeza: Ungaze utshintshe uhlobo, umthamo, okanye ixesha lamayeza akho ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha wakho kuqala. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, ugqirha wakho uza kwenza utshintsho ngokwakhe.
Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukuthintela le meko ukuba ingenzeki. Oku kufuna ukuba ulandele isicwangciso sakho sokulawula isifo seswekile ngokuchanekileyo.
- Sela amayeza anikwe ngugqirha ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
- Landela isicwangciso sokutya esimiselweyo.
- Zilolonge rhoqo.
- Jonga amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho rhoqo.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukunxiba isazisi sezonyango ukuze abanye bazi ukuba unesifo seswekile xa kukho imeko engxamisekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Hyperglycemia lizinga leswekile egazini eliphezulu ngendlela engaqhelekanga. Le yimeko exhaphakileyo kubantu abanesifo seswekile.
- Lumka ngeempawu zokuqala ezifana nokunxanwa rhoqo, ukuchama rhoqo, ukudinwa, kunye nokungaboni kakuhle.
- Ungayilawula le meko ngokulandela ngokungqongqo indlela yokutya, umthambo, kunye nesicwangciso samayeza esinikwe ngugqirha wakho.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu eziqatha ezifana nokuhlanza, iintlungu zesisu, kunye nevumba leziqhamo emlonyeni wakho, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) esibhedlele ngoko nangoko, kuba isenokuba yimeko engxamisekileyo ebizwa ngokuba yi-(DKA) .
- Ungaze utshintshe amayeza akho ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha. Ukuba uneengxaki, thetha nogqirha wakho.
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