Ngaba unesifo seswekile? Okanye ngaba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho okanye umhlobo wakho osenyongweni onesifo seswekile? Eli bali liza kuba libaluleke kakhulu kuwe. Xa sisoloko sicinga ngesifo seswekile, sicinga kuphela ngokulawula iswekile egazini. Kodwa ngaba siyayazi ngokwenene ingozi enokubangelwa sisifo seswekile kwenye ilungu elibaluleke kakhulu emzimbeni wethu, izintso zethu? Yiloo nto sithetha ngayo namhlanje.
Yintoni isifo seswekile?
Ngamafutshane, isifo seswekile yi-diabetes nephropathy kukulahlekelwa kancinci kancinci kokusebenza kwezintso okubangelwa sisifo seswekile ngokuhamba kwexesha. Enyanisweni, isifo seswekile sesona sizathu siphambili sokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso kwihlabathi liphela. Malunga nomntu omnye kwabathathu abanesifo seswekile uza kuba nale meko.
Xa umntu onesifo seswekile eba nesifo sezintso, imeko inokuba nzima ngakumbi kunokuba enesifo sezintso kuphela ngaphandle kwesifo seswekile. Oku kungenxa yokuba abantu abanesifo seswekile badla ngokuba nezinye iingxaki zempilo, ezinje ngoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, i-cholesterol ephezulu, kunye ne-atherosclerosis . Xa zonke ezi zinto zidityanisiwe, umonakalo kwizintso unokuba mkhulu nangakumbi.
Le meko ikwatshintsha kancinci ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo seswekile.
- Kwisifo seswekile sohlobo loku-1: Ukonakala kwezintso kunqabile kwiminyaka eli-10 yokuqala emva kokuba kufunyenwe ukuba sinesifo.
- Kwisifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini: Kwabanye abaguli, nokuba ugqirha uthi, "Unesifo seswekile," izintso zabo zisenokuba sele ziqalile ukonakala ngandlela ithile. Yiyo loo nto abantu abanesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini kufuneka balumke kakhulu ngale nto.
Zithini iimpawu zale meko?
Eyona nto iyingozi kakhulu ngale nto kukuba akukho zimpawu kwisigaba sokuqala. Usenokungaluboni utshintsho de kubekho umonakalo omkhulu kwizintso zakho. Kodwa njengoko izintso zakho ziqala ukungasebenzi kakuhle, ezi mpawu zilandelayo zinokuvela:
Khawucinge nje, umama wakho unesifo seswekile. Akakwazi ukwenza izinto awayezenza ngaphambili, uhlala esithi udiniwe. Xa evuka kusasa, imilenze nobuso bakhe budumbile kancinci. Sicinga ukuba yinto eyenzekayo xa umntu ekhula, okanye yinto eyenzekayo xa ediniwe. Kodwa ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zokuqala zengxaki yezintso.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukudumba kwezandla, iinyawo, nobuso | Oku kwenzeka kuba izintso azikwazi ukususa ulwelo olungaphezulu emzimbeni. |
| Ubunzima bokulala kunye nokuncipha kwengqwalasela | Ukuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma egazini kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwengqondo. |
| Ukulahlekelwa ngumdla kunye nesicaphucaphu | Luphawu oluqhelekileyo olubangelwa kukuqokelelana kweetyhefu emzimbeni. |
| Ubuthathaka kunye nokudinwa kakhulu | Ukuncipha kweehomoni eziveliswa zizintso kunokubangela i-anemia (ukungabikho kwegazi). |
| Ulusu olomileyo kunye nokurhawuzelela okugqithisileyo | Oku kunokubonwa kwizigaba zokugqibela zokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso (isifo sezintso esikwinqanaba lokugqibela). |
| Ukuphazamiseka kwentliziyo | Amanqanaba aphezulu e-potassium egazini achaphazela ukusebenza kwentliziyo. |
| Ukushukuma kwemisipha | Oku kunokubangelwa kukungalingani kwe-calcium kunye ne-phosphorus emzimbeni. |
Njengoko umonakalo kwizintso usanda, azikwazi ukucoca inkunkuma egazini. Le nkunkuma inokuqokelelwa emzimbeni ize ibe yityhefu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-uremia . Xa le meko iba mandundu, inokukhokelela ekudidekeni nasekufeni.
Indlela yokuxilonga esi sifo?
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuyibona le meko kwangethuba. Ukuba wenza njalo, ungalawula okanye ulibazise ukuqhubela phambili kwayo kuze kube kukusilela ngokupheleleyo kwezintso.
Eyona ndlela iphambili nelula yokuxilonga oku kukuvavanya umchamo. Iiproteni kumchamoLe meko inokubonwa kwangethuba ngokuvavanya i-microalbuminuria (Umchamo we-Microalbuminuria). Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba umntu onesifo seswekile enze uvavanyo lomchamo ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka.
Ukongeza, uvavanyo lwegazi olujonga amanqanaba eekhemikhali egazini, ezifana ne-creatinine, lunokunika ugqirha wakho umbono olungileyo ngomonakalo kwizintso zakho kunye nokuba zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani (i-eGFR).
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Xa kufikwa kunyango, utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila luphambili. Ukugcina iswekile yegazi lakho kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi lulawulwa yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuthintela ukonakala kwezintso.
Ukongeza, kukho amayeza akhethekileyo anokunceda ukulawula nokulibazisa ukonakala kwezintso.
- Izithinteli ze-SGLT2: Ezi luhlobo lwamayeza anceda ukulawula iswekile yegazi kunye nokukhusela izintso. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-dapagliflozin (Farxiga) kunye ne-empagliflozin (Jardiance).
- Ii-ACE inhibitors (ii-Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors): Ezi zihlala zinikwa uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, zikwanikwa ukuthintela ukonakala kwezintso kubantu abanesifo seswekile. Nokuba uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi luqhelekile, ugqirha wakho angakuqalisa ukusebenzisa la mayeza ukukhusela izintso zakho. Imizekelo: i-ramipril (Altace), i-lisinopril (Prinivil).
- Ii-ARB (ii-Angiotensin II receptor blockers): Ukuba ii-ACE inhibitors zibangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezifana nokukhwehlela, olu hlobo lwamayeza (ii-ARB) lunokunikwa endaweni yoko.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokukunika la mayeza. Musa ukuwasebenzisa ngokusekelwe koko ukufundileyo kwi-intanethi okanye oko umhlobo wakho akucebisayo. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuhlola aze akunike amayeza afanelekileyo kunye nedosi efanelekileyo yemeko yakho.
Ukuba ayinyangwa, izintso ziya kungasebenzi kancinci kancinci, ubungakanani beprotheyini kumchamo buya kwanda, kwaye ekugqibeleni kufuneka i-dialysis okanye ukufakelwa kwezintso. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo seswekile sesona sibangela siphambili sesifo sezintso.
- Ekubeni kungekho zimpawu zibonakalayo kwisigaba sokuqala, kubalulekile ukuba kwenziwe uvavanyo lomchamo lonyaka (Umchamo weMicroalbumin) ukuba unesifo seswekile.
- Ukonakala kwezintso kunokulawulwa ngokulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye namanqanaba eswekile egazini kakuhle.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinje ngokudumba kwezandla, iinyawo, okanye ubuso, ukudinwa kakhulu, okanye ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya, musa ukuzityeshela kwaye bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha amayeza akho owanikwe ngugqirha, ingakumbi lawo esifo seswekile, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kunye nesifo sezintso, ngokuchanekileyo nangexesha.
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