Zininzi izinto ekufuneka uziphathe njengomntu onesifo seswekile, akunjalo? Amanqanaba eswekile egazini, uxinzelelo lwegazi, i-cholesterol... Phakathi kwako konke oku, ngamanye amaxesha sinokulibala ukuhoya amehlo ethu. Kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba siqaphele imiphumo enokuba nayo isifo seswekile emehlweni. Kuba ukuba siyibona kwangethuba, sinokuyikhusela imbono yethu exabisekileyo.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-Diabetic Macular Edema (DME)?
Nangona eli ligama elinzima kancinci, masiqonde nje ukuba kwenzeka ntoni.
Xa unesifo seswekile, amanqanaba aphezulu eswekile egazini ngokuhamba kwexesha anokonakalisa imithambo yegazi ebuthathaka (imithambo yegazi) engaphakathi kwamehlo akho. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi -diabetesic retinopathy .
Ulwelo luqala ukuvuza kule mithambo yegazi yonakeleyo. Olu lwelo luqokelelana kwi -retina, indawo ebonakala lula emva kweliso. I-retina ikwanayo nendawo ebaluleke kakhulu ephakathi esinika umbono ocacileyo nobukhali, obizwa ngokuba yi-macula . Ulwelo oluvuzayo luqokelelana kwindawo apho i-macula ikhoyo kwaye lubangele ukuba idumbe. Olu vuvu lubizwa ngokuba yi -Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) .
Khawuthelekelele, xa ilensi, eyona ndawo iphambili kwi-retina, efana nefilimu ekwikhamera, idumba, umfanekiso esiwufumanayo uba luzizi. Kufana nokujonga into ngeglasi yamanzi.
Ngaba unazo ezi mpawu?
Eyona nto iyingozi kakhulu nge-DME kukuba ngamanye amaxesha ayibonisi zimpawu kwasekuqaleni. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba wonke umntu onesifo seswekile ahlolwe amehlo akhe ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka. Nangona kunjalo, lumka ezi mpawu:
- Umbono ofipheleyo: Izinto ozijonga ngqo, njengobuso bomntu, umbhalo osencwadini, okanye imifanekiso ekwiTV, zibonakala zifiphele.
- Inkangeleko eshwabeneyo: Izinto ezinemigca ethe tye (ezifana neefreyimu zeefestile kunye neefreyimu zeminyango) zinokubonakala ngathi zishwabene okanye zoluliwe.
- Imibala ephelileyo: Imibala ebibonakala iqaqambile ngaphambili ngoku ibonakala "iphelile," iphelile.
Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, bonana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko. Okukhona uqala unyango ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona amathuba akho okuthintela umonakalo ongapheliyo emehlweni angabonakaliyo.
Ugqirha usifumanisa njani esi sifo?
Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kukubuza imibuzo embalwa. Umzekelo, ngaba kukho utshintsho olukhoyo kwindlela obona ngayo, ngaba unesifo seswekile, iswekile yakho yegazi kunye namanqanaba e-A1c, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol?
Emva koko, kwenziwa uvavanyo olupheleleyo lwamehlo, olubandakanya ikakhulu iimvavanyo ezininzi.
| Igama lovavanyo | Kwenzeka ntoni nje? |
|---|---|
| Uvavanyo lokuBonakala koBuchule bokuBonakala | Uvavanyo lokufunda esilwenzileyo sonke, apho ujonga ibhodi uze ufunde. Lulinganisa ukuba ubona ngokucacileyo kangakanani kumgama owahlukileyo. |
| Uvavanyo lwamehlo oluDilated | Kufakwa ulwelo olukhethekileyo (amaconsi eliso) esweni ukuze kwandiswe i-pupil . Emva koko, kusetyenziswa isixhobo esikhethekileyo ukujonga ngaphakathi kweliso nokujonga imeko ye-retina, ukuba kukho ulwelo oluphuma kwimithambo yegazi, nokuba kukho ukudumba. |
| I-Fluorescein Angiogram (FA) | Idayi ekhethekileyo ifakwa emthanjeni osengalweni. Njengoko le dayi ihamba ngemithambo yegazi ngaphakathi kweliso, imifanekiso ithathwa ngekhamera ekhethekileyo. Oku kunokwenza ukuba ibone indawo echanekileyo apho umthambo wegazi uvuza khona. |
| I-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) | Oku kufana nokuskena ngaphakathi kweliso. Kusebenzisa imisebe yokukhanya ekhethekileyo ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ubukhulu, ukudumba, kunye nobungakanani bokwakheka kolwelo kwi-retina nakwi-sclera. |
Emva kwezi mvavanyo, ugqirha uza kugqiba ukuba unayo na i-DME kwaye inzima kangakanani.
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Ngethamsanqa, ngoku kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu lwe-DME. Injongo ephambili yonyango kukuthintela ukuvuza kolwelo oluphuma kwimithambo yegazi kunye nokunciphisa ukudumba.1. Iinaliti ze-Anti-VEGF
Olu lolona nyango luqhelekileyo nolusebenzayo olufumanekayo. Kunokuba yinto eyoyikisayo ukucinga ngokujova elisweni, kodwa kwenziwa ngenaliti encinci kakhulu kunye namayeza okubulala iintlungu. Ngoko ke ayivakali ntlungu ingako.
Ezi naliti zisebenza ngokuthintela ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi emitsha nebuthathaka evuza lula. La mayeza (imizekelo: i-Aflibercept, i-Bevacizumab, i-Ranibizumab, i-Faricimab) aqinisa imithambo yegazi aze ayeke ukuvuza kolwelo. Ngokwesiqhelo kufuneka ufumane unyango oluliqela, malunga kanye ngenyanga.
2. Unyango lweLaser (iLaser Photocoagulation)
Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, imisebe yelaser isetyenziselwa "ukuvala" okanye ukutshiza imithambo yegazi evuzayo. Oku kuthintela umonakalo ongakumbi.
3. Iinaliti zeSteroid
Ezinye izigulana zinikwa inaliti ye-steroid ukulawula ukudumba.
4. Utyando (iVitrectomy)
Oku kudla ngokwenziwa rhoqo, ingakumbi ukuba kukho ukopha okukhulu kweliso kunye nokulahlekelwa ngokupheleleyo kombono. Oku kuquka ukususa ulwelo olunamafu ngaphakathi kweliso uze ufake isisombululo esicacileyo endaweni yalo.
Ugqirha wakho wamehlo uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.
Ufanele uzinyamekele njani?
Ngaphandle konyango olunikezelwa ngugqirha wakho, ukuzinyamekela kubaluleke kakhulu ekulawuleni esi sifo.
- Lawula isifo seswekile: Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo . Gcina iswekile yakho egazini, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye namanqanaba e-cholesterol ephantsi kolawulo ngokwemiyalelo kagqirha wakho. Ukutya okufanelekileyo, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokuthatha amayeza amiselweyo kubalulekile.
- Musa ukulibazisa ukuvavanywa kwamehlo: Nokuba awunazo iimpawu, jonga amehlo akho ngokweshedyuli ecetywayo ngugqirha wakho. Oku kubalulekile ukujonga impumelelo yonyango lwakho.
- Ukuba ungaboni kakuhle, cinga ngezixhobo zokuncedisa: Ukuba iiglasi zodwa azanele, thetha nogqirha wakho ngezinto ezifana neeglasi ezikhulisayo.
Impilo yengqondo nayo ibaluleke kakhulu.
Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive ulusizi, uxhalabile, kwaye usoyika xa unengxaki yokubona. Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ulwe nezi mvakalelo wedwa.
- Thetha ngeemvakalelo zakho: Thetha ngale nto nosapho lwakho kunye nabahlobo. Xelela ugqirha wakho indlela ovakalelwa ngayo.
- Funa uncedo: Ukuba kuyimfuneko, cela uncedo kugqirha wakho kwingcali yezempilo yengqondo esebenza nabantu abanesifo seswekile okanye abangaboni kakuhle.
- Joyina amaqela enkxaso: Uza kuziva unamandla kakhulu xa uthetha nabanye abajongene nemeko efanayo neyakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) sisiphumo esibi kakhulu sesifo seswekile, kodwa ukuba sifunyenwe kwaye sinyangwa kwangethuba, umbono unokugcinwa.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinje ngokubona okufipheleyo, ukugqwetheka komfanekiso, okanye ukufiphala kombala , bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko.
- Eyona nto ibalulekileyo onokuyenza kukulawula isifo sakho seswekile kakuhle. Lawula iswekile yakho egazini, uxinzelelo lwegazi, kunye ne-cholesterol.
- Ungaze uphoswe kuvavanyo lwamehlo kunye nonyango oluchazwe ngugqirha wakho.
- Awuwedwa kolu hambo. Oogqirha, iintsapho kunye namaqela enkxaso bakhona ukukunceda. Ukuhlala unethemba kukwayinxalenye yonyango.
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