Ukuba unesifo seswekile sohlobo 1 okanye sohlobo 2, mhlawumbi sele uyazi ukuba isifo seswekile sinokubangela iingxaki zamehlo. Eyona ixhaphakileyo kwezi, kwaye enye esifanele siyixhalabele kakhulu, yi-diabetic retinopathy. Ngokwezonyango, oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-diabetic retinopathy. Ngamafutshane, kukonakala kwezicubu ezibuthathaka ekukhanyeni ngasemva kweliso lakho, i-retina. Xa amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho ephezulu kwaye engalawuleki ixesha elide, imithambo yegazi emincinci enika ioksijini kunye nezinye izondlo kwi-retina iyakonakala. Ngenxa yoko, amehlo akho awasakwazi ukusebenza kakuhle, kwaye umbono wakho uba mfiliba kancinci kancinci.
Kwinqanaba lokuqala lale meko, usenokungaziboni naziphi na iimpawu. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukuba awunyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, le meko yeDiabetic Retinopathy inokuba mandundu kwaye ikhokelele kwezinye iingxaki ezinkulu ezinokukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kokubona ngokupheleleyo. Makhe sithethe ngazo nganye nganye ngoku.
Zeziphi izinto ezibangela umonakalo omkhulu emehlweni ngenxa yesifo seswekile?
Xa isifo seswekile siqala ukonakalisa amehlo akho, asipheli apho. Ukuba asilawulwa kakuhle, sinokukhokelela kwezinye iingxaki ezininzi.
Ukudumba kwe-retina ngenxa yesifo seswekile (i-Diabetic Macular Edema - DME)
Malunga nesiqingatha sabantu abane-diabetesic retinopathy baba nesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-DME. Xa udonga lwemithambo yegazi kwi-retina yakho luba buthathaka ngenxa yesifo seswekile, ulwelo kunye negazi ziqala ukuvuza. Olu lwelo kunye negazi ziqokelelana kwindawo ephakathi ye-retina yakho, ebizwa ngokuba yi-macula. Cinga ngayo, i-macula yeyona ndawo ibalulekileyo yeliso esinceda sibone ngokucacileyo, sifunde iincwadi, kwaye siqaphele abantu. Ngoko ke xa le ndawo idumba, ngequbuliso uqala ukuba nombono ofipheleyo , umbono ophindwe kabini , kunye namabala amancinci amnyama ahamba phambi kwamehlo akho (ii-eye floaters) .
Unyango oluphambili loku kukufakwa kwamayeza alwa ne-VEGF. La mayeza asebenza ngokuthintela into ebizwa ngokuba yi-VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor), ekhuthaza ukukhula kwemithambo yegazi, kwaye inciphise ukudumba kwi-macula. Oku kunokulawula kakhulu ukuqhubeka kwesi sifo.
Ukopha ngaphakathi kweliso (iVitreous Hemorrhage)
Isifo seswekile sibangela ukuba imithambo yegazi emitsha esweni ibe buthathaka kakhulu. Ifana nemibhobho eyenziwe ngezinto ezingabizi kakhulu. Ngoko ke inokuqhuma lula ize ivuze igazi kwi-jelly-like substance engaphakathi kweliso (i-vitreous). Eli gazi ke livala indlela yokukhanya evela ngaphandle ukuya kwi-retina.
Khawucinge nje, ukuba ukopha kuncinci, ungabona amabala amnyama ambalwa (iifloaters) edada phambi kwamehlo akho. Kodwa ukuba ukopha kukhulu, igazi lingazalisa wonke umngxuma ongaphakathi kweliso lakho, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ungaboni kakuhle .
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubona ugqirha wakho kwangoko xa ubona naziphi na ezi mpawu uze ufumane unobangela. Igazi lisenokuphela lodwa kwiiveki okanye kwiinyanga ezimbalwa. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka ujongwe ngokusondeleyo ngeli xesha. Ukuba alipheli, kunokufuneka wenze utyando olubizwa ngokuba yi-vitrectomy ukuze kususwe into efana nejeli esweni lakho.
I-Neovascular Glaucoma (uxinzelelo oluphezulu emehlweni)
Ngamanye amaxesha, imithambo yegazi emitsha engaqhelekanga iqala ukwakheka kwi-iris yeliso lakho. Le mithambo yegazi ivala indlela yokuba ulwelo luphume emehlweni akho. Oku kufana nomsele ovalwe yimfucuza. Ulwelo luyaqokelelana ngaphakathi kweliso lakho, nto leyo ebangela ukuba uxinzelelo lwamehlo lunyuke kakhulu. Olu luhlobo olubi lwe-glaucoma.
Le yimeko embi kakhulu. Ukuba ayinyangwa kakuhle, ungaphulukana nokubona kwakho ngokupheleleyo kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Ugqirha angasebenzisa unyango lwelaser kunye namayeza ukubuyisela ukuhamba kolwelo, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwamehlo, kunye nokugcina umbono wakho.
Ukuhlukaniswa kweRetinal
Njengoko i-Diabetic Retinopathy iqhubeka, imithambo yegazi kwi-retina inokuvaleka ngokupheleleyo. Umzimba emva koko uphendula ngokwenza imithambo yegazi emitsha kwi-retina. Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, le mithambo mitsha ibuthathaka kakhulu. Inokuvuza igazi kwaye yenze izicubu ezibomvu. Ekugqibeleni, xa le mithambo ibomvu incipha, ibangela ukuba i-retina isuke eludongeni olungasemva lweliso. Oku kufana nepowusta ekhupha udonga.
Le yingxamiseko yezonyango . Ukuba unezinye zeempawu ezilandelayo, bonana nogqirha wamehlo ngaphandle kokulibazisa . Ngaphandle koko, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane.
| Iimpawu ezingxamisekileyo zokuqhekeka kwe-retinal | |
|---|---|
| 1. | Ngequbuliso , inani elikhulu lamabala amnyama (ii-floaters) liqala ukudada phambi kwamehlo. |
| 2. | Ukubona ukukhanya kwelinye okanye omabini amehlo. |
| 3. | Ukuziva ngathi ikhethini emnyama iwela ecaleni okanye phakathi kwendawo obona kuyo (uluhlu onokulubona). |
Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Kukho unyango loku. Ukuba kukho umngxuma omncinci okanye ukukrazuka kwi-retina, oogqirha banokusebenzisa i-freezing probe okanye i-laser ukuyibopha kwakhona. Ukuba inxalenye enkulu yayo iphumile, utyando lunokufuneka. Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba ukuba le meko ifunyenwe kwangethuba, izinga lempumelelo lonyango liphezulu ukuya kuma-90%.
Sifanele senze ntoni ukuze siphephe ezi ngxaki?
Kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukukhusela amehlo akho kwezi ngxaki zinzima.
- Lawula kakuhle isifo sakho seswekile: Okukhona ulawula ngcono amanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba uthintele i-retinopathy yesifo seswekile ukuba ingaqhubeki. Kuba, njengoko besitshilo, ngamanqanaba eswekile angalawulekiyo awonakalisa le mithambo yegazi mincinci.
- Lumka ngoxinzelelo lwegazi: Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lunokonakalisa imithambo yegazi, kuquka naleyo ikwimehlo.
- Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nonyango: Uphando lubonise ukuba ukuba unyango luqalwe kwangethuba, ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo kunokulawulwa kakhulu. Ke ngoko, nokuba unesifo seswekile kwaye awunazo iimpawu, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze ahlolwe amehlo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo seswekile sisifo esinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu emehlweni akho, ngoko ke lumka ngaso.
- Ukulawula iswekile yegazi lakho kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi yeyona nto ingcono onokuyenza.
- Nokuba awunazo iimpawu, ukuba unesifo seswekile, kubalulekile ukuba amehlo akho ahlolwe ngokweshedyuli ebekwe ngugqirha wakho.
- Ukuba uqala ukubona amabala amnyama edada phambi kwamehlo akho, ukuba abonakala ngathi kukukhanya kombane, okanye ukuba uziva ngathi unesikrini esimnyama embonweni wakho, yingxamiseko leyo. Bona ugqirha wamehlo ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo lesibhedlele (ETU).
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