Ngaba izihlunu zakho ziyaqina ngendlela engalawulekiyo? Masifunde ngale (Dystonia)!

Ngaba wakha waqaphela, okanye waziva, ukuba izihlunu zakho ziqina ngequbuliso, ziqhaqhazele, okanye zibambeke kwindawo enye? Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokuba yinto engathandekiyo kwaye ide ibe buhlungu. Le meko siyibiza ngokuba yi "Dystonia." Nangona isenokubonakala ngathi yingxaki yezihlunu, ingxaki isebuchotsheni bethu okanye kwinkqubo yethu yemithambo-luvo. Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha, akunjalo?

Yintoni kanye kanye iDystonia?

Ngamafutshane, i-dystonia sisifo senkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Ibonakaliswa kukushwabana kwemisipha okuzenzekelayo okwenzeka ngaphandle kolawulo okanye umgudu wakho. Igama elithi "dystonia" livela kumagama esiLatini athi "dys" (engalunganga/enesiphene) kunye negama lesiGrike elithi "tonos" (uxinzelelo lwemisipha). Lithetha ukuba imisipha iyashwabana ngendlela engafanelekanga, ngendlela engafanelekanga.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweDystonia kunye neDyskinesia?

Nangona la magama mabini ebonakala efana kancinci, kukho umahluko omncinci.

• I-Dyskinesia: Eli ligama lesiGrike. Igama elithi "Kinesia" lithetha "intshukumo." I-Dyskinesia ithetha iintshukumo ezenzeka ngendlela engafanelekanga, ezingafanelanga ukuba zenzeke. Ezi ziintshukumo ezizenzekelayo , oko kukuthi, iintshukumo zemisipha ezenzeka ngaphandle kolawulo lwakho.
• I-Dystonia: Olu luhlobo lwe-dyskinesia. Kwi-dystonia, izihlunu ziyaqina ixesha elide . Ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni leliphi na ilungu lomzimba elichaphazelekileyo, unokubonakala ukwiindawo ezahlukeneyo.

Ngubani onokuhlakulela i-dystonia?

Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu se-dystonia, inokuchaphazela nabani na. Ezinye izizathu zixhomekeke kwiminyaka ethile, oko kuthetha ukuba zinokukuchaphazela ekuzalweni okanye ngexesha lobuntwana. Ezinye zinokukhula kamva ebomini.

Nangona uphando lubonisa ukuba malunga nabantu abangama-300,000 eMelika kuphela bane-dystonia, iingcali zikholelwa ukuba inani lokwenyani linokuba phezulu kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuba i-dystonia inokuza ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, ngamanye amaxesha kunzima ukuyixilonga ngokuchanekileyo.

I-dystonia ichaphazela njani umzimba wam?

I-Dystonia yimeko yobuchopho echaphazela indlela ingqondo yakho elawula ngayo izihlunu zomzimba wakho. Ingachaphazela izihlunu ezahlukeneyo okanye amaqela emisipha ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Indlela kunye nesizathu sokuba oku kwenzeke ngayo iseyimfihlakalo kancinci.

Iimpawu zeDystonia zingaba mandundu xa udiniwe, uxinezelekile, okanye ukuba usela izinto ezifana necaffeine okanye utywala.

Ezinye iintlobo ze-dystonia zibangelwa kukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okanye iimeko eziphazamisana nokusebenza kweendawo ezithile zobuchopho. Oku kubangela ukuba iiseli ezichaphazelekayo zingasebenzi kakuhle. Imiqondiso engalunganga iya kwizihlunu, ibangele i-dystonia.

I-Dystonia inokubangelwa kukwenzakala okanye ezinye iimeko zonyango eziphazamisana nokusebenza kwengqondo. Ezinye zezi meko zinokufunyanwa nge-imaging scans. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha i-dystonia inokwenzeka ngaphandle kwezi zizathu.

Ziziphi iimpawu zeDystonia?

Uphawu oluphambili lwe-dystonia ludla ngokuba kukushukuma kwemisipha okungalawulekiyo . Ezi ntshukumo zihlala zilandelayo:

• Akukhululeki, ngamanye amaxesha kuyabuhlungu, kwaye kunokuvakala ngathi kukubetheka ngombane.
• Ukuphinda-phinda (ingakumbi xa kungcangcazela).
• Ubude bexesha bungahluka. Ezinye zihlala imizuzwana okanye imizuzu zize zinyamalale. Ezinye zihlala iinyanga.
• Ithatha imo yokujika nokutsala. Oku kunokwenza umntu abonakale ekwimeko engaqhelekanga.
• Izihlunu ezichaphazelekileyo zinokuba qatha ngakumbi xa zisetyenziswa.

Kunokubakho utshintsho oluncinci kwiimpawu kuxhomekeke ekubeni i-dystonia ichaphazela phi emzimbeni. Kukho iindlela ezintlanu eziphambili apho iimpawu zenzeka khona:

• I-focal dystonia
• I-dystonia yecandelo
• I-dystonia ye-Multifocal
• IHemidystonia `(Hemidystonia)`
• I-dystonia eqhelekileyo

Makhe sijonge nganye kwezi ngokwahlukeneyo.

I-focal dystonia

Kulapho kuphela inxalenye yomzimba wakho echaphazelekileyo. Iingcali zithi olu hlobo lwesi sifo luxhaphake ngokuphindwe kalishumi kunezinye. Lunokuvela ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo, kuxhomekeke kwinxalenye yomzimba echaphazelekileyo:

• Iinkophe: I-Blepharospasm. Oku kunokuba nzima kangangokuba abanye abantu kufuneka bavale amehlo abo ngenkani.
• Umhlathi: Ukutshixa amazinyo (i-Bruxism).
• Isandla okanye isihlahla: Ukushukuma kwemisipha okanye ukuqina. Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"writer's cramp" okanye "umculi's cramp." Abadlali begalufa kunye nabadlali bekhilikithi bakubiza ngokuba yi-"the yips." Khawuthelekelele isandla sakho siqina size singakwazi ukubhala, okanye iminwe yakho ingalawuleki xa udlala into efana ne-vayolin.

I-dystonia yecandelo

Oku kwenzeka xa kuchaphazeleka iindawo ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu zomzimba ezisondeleleneyo . Umzekelo, iindawo ezahlukeneyo zobuso, intloko nentamo, okanye ingalo nengalo engentla. Umzekelo omhle woku yi -cervical dystonia . Oku kuchaphazela izihlunu zentloko nentamo. Omnye umzekelo yiMeige syndrome . Oku kuchaphazela iindawo ezininzi zobuso.

I-dystonia ye-Multifocal

Oku kuchaphazela amalungu amabini okanye ngaphezulu omzimba angadibaniyo . Umzekelo, i - dystonia ichaphazela zombini iingalo.Lo ngumzekelo wemeko echaphazela iindawo ezininzi zomzimba ezingadibaniyo.

IHemidystonia `(Hemidystonia)`

Igama elithi "hemi" livela kwigama lesiGrike elithetha "isiqingatha." Ngoko ke oku kuthetha ukuba icala elinye lomzimba wakho (nokuba lelasekunene okanye elasekhohlo) lichaphazeleka. Cinga ngezihlunu ezisesandleni sakho sasekunene okanye kwicala lasekunene lobuso bakho zihamba ngokungalawulekiyo. Istroke sisizathu esikhulu se-hemidystonia.

I-dystonia eqhelekileyo

Oku kunokuchaphazela imilenze yakho kunye nomzimba (inxalenye ephambili yomzimba wakho edibanisa iingalo zakho, imilenze, kunye nentloko) okanye umzimba wakho wonke . Oku kwenzeka xa i-dystonia iba yinkqubela phambili. Xa i-focal dystonia iba yi-generalized dystonia, iimpawu zisasazeka ukusuka kumalungu ukuya emqaleni.

Ziziphi izizathu ze-dystonia?

I-Dystonia ibangelwa kukuphazamiseka kwendlela esebenza ngayo ingqondo yakho. Oku kudla ngokubandakanya inxalenye yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Basal Ganglia' . Eli liqela lezakhiwo zobuchopho ezidibanisa iindawo ezahlukeneyo zobuchopho kwaye zilungelelanise indlela ezo ndawo ezisebenza ngayo kunye.

Iingcali zahlula izizathu ze-dystonia zibe ziindidi ezintathu eziphambili:

• I-dystonia ephambili: I-Dystonia yeyona nto ibangela oku. Idla ngokuba yi-idiopathic, oko kuthetha ukuba akukho sizathu sinokufunyanwa. Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba kunokubakho nenxalenye yemfuza, oko kuthetha ukuba inokusebenza kwiintsapho.
• I-dystonia yesibini: Kule meko, i-dystonia luphawu lwesinye isifo okanye ingxaki.
• Iimeko ze-"Dystonia plus": Ezi zizifo zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Nangona i-dystonia luphawu oluphambili, zikho nezinye iimpawu.

Izizathu ezinokwenzeka ze-dystonia yesibini

Oku kunokwenzeka ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukeneyo:

• Iithumba zobuchopho
• Ezinye izifo zengqondo (umz. isifo sokuwa, isifo sikaParkinson, isifo sikaParkinson)
• Ukungabikho koxilongo kwi-cerebral (ingakumbi kwiintsana ezisandul’ ukuzalwa ezingazange zifumane ioksijini xa zizalwa)
• Amayeza (amayeza amiselweyo okanye angekho mthethweni)
• Izifo zemfuza (umz. isifo sikaWilson, isifo sikaHuntington)
• Iintsholongwane (umz., i-encephalitis)
• Iimeko ze-metabolic
• Istroke
• Izinto ezinobuthi (umz. ubuthi be-carbon monoxide, ubuthi be-manganese)
• Ukulimala kwengqondo okubuhlungu

I-Dystonia ayisosifo esosulelayo. Awunakuyifumana kwabanye abantu, kwaye awunakuyisasaza kwabanye.

Ifunyanwa njani iDystonia?

Ugqirha, odla ngokuba yingcali yezifo zengqondo, unokuxilonga i-dystonia ngokusekelwe kwiimpawu zakho, uvavanyo lwe-neurological, kunye novavanyo lwezonyango ezahlukeneyo. I-Dystonia ngamanye amaxesha inokuba nzima ukuyixilonga kuba ezi mpawu zinokubangelwa zezinye iimeko ezininzi. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuthintela ezinye iimeko, njengoko ezinye zazo zinokuba ziingxamiseko zonyango ezisongela ubomi.

Ziziphi iimvavanyo ezisetyenziselwa ukuxilonga i-dystonia?

Uvavanyo olwahlukeneyo lwelabhoratri, uvavanyo lokuxilonga, kunye novavanyo "lwemifanekiso" lunokwenziwa ukujonga i-dystonia. Uvavanyo oluhlala lu-odolwa luxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho kunye neemeko zempilo ugqirha wakho acinga ukuba ziya kwenzeka. Nazi ezinye zeemvavanyo ezinokwenziwa:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Olu vavanyo lunokufumanisa izinto ezininzi, ezinje ngeengxaki zenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kunye neetyhefu (ingakumbi iimetali ezifana nekopolo kunye ne-manganese).
• I-CT scan (i-computerized tomography scan)
• I-EEG (i-Electroencephalogram): Uvavanyo olulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wengqondo.
• I-EMG (i-Electromyogram): Uvavanyo olujonga indlela imiqondiso ehamba ngayo kwimithambo-luvo.
• Uvavanyo lwemfuza
• Iskeni se-MRI (i-MRI - Umfanekiso we-Magnetic resonance)
• Iskeni yePET (iskeni yePositron emission tomography)
• Ukubhoboza umqolo/Ukubhoboza iLumbar

Ukongeza koku, kunokwenziwa ezinye iimvavanyo. Kungoko ke, kungcono ukubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba zeziphi iimvavanyo ezifanelekileyo kwimeko yakho. Emva koko unokufumana ulwazi oluchanekileyo olufanelekileyo kwimeko yakho.

Inyangwa njani i-dystonia? Ngaba inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo?

Akukho nyango lwe-dystonia, kodwa lunokunyangeka . Unyango oluninzi luxhomekeke kwisizathu semeko kunye neempawu onazo. Ugqirha wakho uya kukwazi ukukunceda ukuba ukhethe ukuba loluphi unyango olulungele wena.

Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba ungayisebenzisi i-caffeine kunye notywala, kuba ezi zinto zinokwenza iimpawu ze-dystonia zibe zimbi ngakumbi kwabanye abantu.

Loluphi uhlobo lonyango okanye unyango olusetyenziswayo?

Unyango lwe-dystonia luxhomekeke kwisizathu kunye neempawu zakho ezithile. Unyango oluqhelekileyo luquka:

• Ukuvuselela ingqondo nzulu (DBS): Le yinkqubo yotyando. Ii-electrode zifakwa engqondweni yakho. Ezi electrode zihambisa umbane othambileyo kwindawo ethile yengqondo yakho. Oku kunokunceda kwiimpawu ze-dystonia. Le yeyona nkqubo yotyando isetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye isebenza kakhulu kwi-dystonia.
• Amayeza:Ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu se-dystonia, inganyangwa ngamayeza. Amayeza (enye okanye ezingaphezulu) anikiweyo aya kuxhomekeka kwiimpawu kunye nesizathu esiyintloko (ukuba sikhona) se-dystonia.
• Inaliti zetyhefu yeBotulinum: Ityhefu yeBotulinum – eyaziwa ngabaninzi ngegama lophawu iBotox® – xa ifakwe kwindawo echanekileyo inokuthintela imiqondiso yemithambo-luvo kangangeeveki, ngamanye amaxesha iinyanga. Oku kuthintela imiqondiso ebangela i-dystonia ukuba ingafikeleli kwimisipha. Olu lunyango olufanelekileyo lwe-focal dystonia kunye nezinye iimpawu ze-segmental dystonia.
• Unyango lomzimba, lomsebenzi kunye nolwentetho: Xa i-dystonia ibangelwa yimeko yempilo yexeshana, olu nyango lunokunceda umntu ukuba aqhelane okanye aphile kwakhona kwi-dystonia.

Iingxaki kunye nemiphumo emibi enokubakho ngenxa yonyango ixhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, ezifana nendlela yonyango. Ugqirha wakho unokuvavanya imeko yakho aze akuchazele into onokuyilindela.

Ndingazinyamekela njani kwaye ndilawule iimpawu zam?

I-Dystonia yingxaki kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo. Oku kuthetha ukuba awukwazi ukuyixilonga kwaye uyinyange ngokwakho. I-Dystonia inokunxulunyaniswa neemeko ezinzulu nezisongela ubomi, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ngoko nangoko .

Ixesha elithathayo ukuze uzive ungcono kwaye uphile emva konyango lixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka isizathu sokuba i-dystonia yakho ivele, ukuba inzima kangakanani, unyango olufumeneyo, kunye nezinye iimeko zempilo onazo. Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba uzive ungcono kwaye uphile.

Iyintoni ikamva le-dystonia? Ndingalindela ntoni ukuba ndinayo?

Imbonakalo ye-dystonia ixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kuquka unobangela, ubudala obuqala ngabo, apho iimpawu zenzeka khona emzimbeni, imbali yakho yempilo, kunye nonyango olufumanayo. Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ngcono ngembonakalo yemeko yakho.

• Imbonakalo ye-dystonia ephambili: Ngokubanzi, ukuba i-dystonia yokuqala ikhula kwasebuntwaneni, imbonakalo isenokungabi ntle kangako. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-dystonia yokuqala inokwahluka ukusuka kwi-focal (kwindawo enye) ukuya kwi-generalized (kumzimba wonke). Okukhona ukhula kwangoko ebomini, kokukhona kunokwenzeka ukuba isasazeke. Imbonakalo ye-focal dystonia ilungile kuba ichaphazela kuphela indawo encinci yomzimba.
• Imbono ye-Secondary dystonia: Oku kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwimeko engaphantsi. Ukuba imeko engaphantsi inganyangeka kwaye iyakwazi ukutshintshwa, i-prognosis ingcono. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ibangelwa yimeko engapheliyo, i-prognosis ayilunganga kangako. Nangona kunjalo, kukho iimeko apho i-dystonia inokulawulwa kwaye inyangeke nangona kukho ezinye izifo ezingapheliyo.

Xa i-dystonia yokuqala ikhula, iba yimeko yobomi bonke. Inganyangeka, kodwa ayinakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, kwaye ayizukuphila ngokwayo .

I-dystonia yesibini inokuba yimeko yexesha elifutshane. Ixhomekeke kwisizathu esiyintloko. Inokwenzeka kakhulu ukuba yenzeke kwizinto ezifana nosulelo, ukwenzakala, kunye namayeza athile.

Ndingayinciphisa njani ingozi ye-dystonia, okanye ndiyithintele ngokupheleleyo?

I-Dystonia yenzeka ngequbuliso, ngoko ke awunakuyithintela. Awunakunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba ne-primary dystonia. Ingafunyanwa njengelifa okanye ingavela ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo.

Nangona kunjalo, ungathintela okanye unciphise umngcipheko wokufumana ezinye zezinto ezibangela i-dystonia yesibini . Nazi ezinye izinto onokuzenza:

• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo kwaye ugcine ubunzima obusempilweni. Izifo ezininzi ezinxulumene nenkqubo yakho yokujikeleza kwegazi nempilo yentliziyo, ingakumbi isifo sohlangothi, zingonakalisa iindawo zobuchopho bakho kwaye zibangele i-dystonia.
• Musa ukungazinanzi iintsholongwane. Iintsholongwane zamehlo neendlebe kufuneka zinyangwe ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ezi ntsholongwane zisasazeka ziye engqondweni, zinokuba yingozi enkulu. Iintsholongwane zinokubangela ukudumba kwengqondo (encephalitis), nto leyo enokubangela i-dystonia.
• Nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela. Ukulimala kwengqondo okubangelwa kukwenzakala kungonakalisa ingqondo yakho kwaye kubangele i-dystonia.
• Lawula iimeko zakho zempilo. Iimeko ezihlala ixesha elide ezifana nesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini, uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kunye nesifo sokuwa zinokubangela okanye zinegalelo kwezinye iimeko ezinokukhokelela kwi-dystonia.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Ukuba une-dystonia, kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukuze uzinyamekele:

• Ziphephe i-caffeine kunye notywala ngaphandle kokuba ugqirha wakho ekucebisa oko. Ezi zinto zinokwenza iimpawu ze-dystonia zibe zimbi ngakumbi.
• Lawula uxinzelelo lwakho. Ixhala kunye noxinzelelo zingenza i-dystonia ibe mandundu. Ungawunciphisa lo mngcipheko ngokwenza izinto ezifana nokucamngca, uqeqesho lokuphumla, kunye nokuzilolonga.
• Ziphephe izinto ezenza iimpawu zakho zibe zimbi ngakumbi. Ezinye iintlobo ze-dystonia zinokwenzeka ngamaxesha athile. Ukuphepha loo maxesha, ukuba kunokwenzeka, kunokunceda ukunciphisa ubukhali beempawu zakho.
• Funda indlela yokulawula imeko yakho.Iindidi ezahlukeneyo ze-dystonia zinokulawulwa "ngamaqhinga okuva." Igama eliphambili loku ngu-"geste antagoniste" (igama lesiFrentshi elithetha "isenzo esichaseneyo"). Ezi ntlobo zesenzo zinokuphucula okwethutyana iimpawu ze-dystonia. Kodwa iingcali aziqinisekanga ukuba kutheni oku kusenzeka. Umzekelo, ukuchukumisa isilevu okanye icala lobuso kunokunceda ukunciphisa iimpawu ze-cervical dystonia (imeko echaphazela izihlunu entanyeni). Ugqirha wakho angakubona ukuba uyasabela na kwezi ntlobo zesenzo aze akufundise indlela yokuzisebenzisa.
• Sela amayeza akho ngokuchanekileyo. Ukuba usela amayeza e-dystonia, asele njengoko uyalelwe. Ukuyeka amayeza ngequbuliso kunokwenza iimpawu ze-dystonia zibe zimbi ngakumbi okanye kubangele ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha? Ndifanele ndifune nini unyango olungxamisekileyo?

Ukuba une-dystonia, kufuneka undwendwelwe ngugqirha wakho emva koko njengoko kucetyisiwe ngugqirha wakho. Bona ugqirha wakho ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyatshintsha okanye ziya ziba mandundu, ingakumbi ukuba ziphazamisana nobomi bakho bemihla ngemihla. Kwakhona, bona ugqirha wakho ukuba amayeza okanye ezinye iindlela zonyango azisebenzi, okanye ukuba uneziphumo ebezingalindelekanga okanye eziphazamisayo.

Ndingaya nini kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba uneempawu ezibonisa ukuba unestroke, kufuneka uye kwigumbi likaxakeka. Khumbula ukufowunela u-1990 (inkonzo ye-ambulensi yongxamiseko yaseSri Lanka) ukuze ufumane iimpawu zestroke, kwaye ukhumbule ukuthi NGOKUKHAWULEZA .

• F (Ubuso): Ngaba icala elinye okanye amacala omabini obuso ayawa xa umntu ezama ukuncuma?
• A (Ingalo): Xa umntu ezama ukuphakamisa zombini iingalo, ngaba ingalo enye iyaxhoma?
• S (Intetho): Ngaba umntu angathetha ngokucacileyo aze aqonde oko kuthethwa ngabanye abantu?
• T (Ixesha): Ukuba umntu unezi mpawu, fowunela u-911 ngoko nangoko! Istroke sisiganeko esinzima. Unyango lwangethuba yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo kunye nokuchacha.

I-Dystonia yimeko yengqondo ebangela ukuba izihlunu zakho zishukume ngokungalawulekiyo. Inokubangelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwiimeko zofuzo ukuya kwizifo zexesha elifutshane.

Ezinye izinto endicinga ukuba zibalulekile kuwe (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Ngoko ke, ndiyathemba ukuba uyayiqonda into ebesithetha ngayo ngeDystonia. Khumbula, nangona le yimeko enzima, awuwedwa .

• Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unale mpawu, ungathandabuzi ukubona ugqirha . Okukhona ifunyaniswa ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona kulula ukuyinyanga.
• Ayizizo zonke iidystonias ezifanayo, ngoko ke thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze ubone ukuba loluphi unyango olufanelekileyo kwimeko yakho.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, ukwenza utshintsho oluncinci kwindlela yokuphila (njengokunciphisa i-caffeine kunye notywala, kunye nokunciphisa uxinzelelo) kunokunceda ukulawula iimpawu.
• Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo. Sela amayeza akho njengoko uyalelwe. Musa ukuyeka ukuwasela wedwa.

Siyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Hlala usempilweni!

I- Dystonia, Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo, Ukushwabana kwemisipha, Iintshukumo ezizenzekelayo, Iimeko zobuchopho, I-Dyskinesia, I-Dystonia, Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo, Ukushwabana kwemisipha, Iintshukumo ezizenzekelayo, Iimeko zobuchopho, I-Dyskinesia