Xa usika iinwele zakho kusasa, ngaba ufumana iinwele ezininzi kwikama yakho? Xa ugqiba ukuhlamba, ngaba ubona iinwele zigcwele umgangatho wegumbi lokuhlambela? Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye ukhathazekile xa ubona into efana nale. Enyanisweni, kwabanye abantu, nokulahlekelwa ziinwele kancinci ngumthwalo omkhulu. Kwabanye, nokuba iinwele zabo ziwa zide zibe neenwele ezinde, akukubi kangako. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe ngokulahlekelwa ziinwele, okubaluleke kakhulu kuye wonke umntu, ngendlela elula.
Okokuqala, masibone, yintoni le mthi yeenwele?
Ngamafutshane, iinwele azizo nje iinwele eziselusu lwethu. Sineenwele phantse kuyo yonke indawo emizimbeni yethu, ngaphandle kweendawo ezifana neentende zethu, iintende zeenyawo zethu, kunye neenkophe. Kodwa ezinye zazo zincinci kangangokuba asinakuzibona.
I-hair shaft yenziwe ngeproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-keratin . Ezi ziveliswa kwii-follicles ezincinci eluswini. Njengoko iiseli ezintsha zeenwele ziveliswa kwezi follicles, iiseli ezindala zityhalelwa ngaphandle kumphezulu wesikhumba. I-hair shaft oyibonayo ngokwenene yingqokelela yeeseli ze-keratin ezifileyo. Ngokomyinge, umntu omdala uneenwele eziphakathi kwe-100,000 kunye ne-150,000 entlokweni yakhe. Kuqhelekile ukulahlekelwa ziinwele ezimalunga nama-50 ukuya kwi-100 ngosuku. Ngoko ke, ukuba uneenwele ezimbalwa kwikama yakho, ungakhathazeki.
Ngalo naliphi na ixesha, malunga ne-90% yeenwele entlokweni yakho zikwinqanaba lokukhula. Kodwa nganye kwezi nwele inomjikelo wayo wobomi owahlukileyo.
Umjikelo wobomi be-follicle yeenwele
Lo mjikelo wahlulwe ngamanqanaba amathathu aphambili.
- Isigaba se-Anagen: Eli lixesha apho umngxuma weenwele ukhula ngamandla. Eli nqanaba lidla ngokuthatha malunga neminyaka emi-2 ukuya kweyesi-8.
- Isigaba seCatagen: Esi sisigaba sokutshintsha. Sihlala malunga neeveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3.
- Isigaba seTelogen: Eli linqanaba lokuphumla kwe-hair shaft. Eli nqanaba lihlala malunga neenyanga ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3. Ekupheleni kweli xesha, i-hair shaft iyawa kwaye i-hair shaft entsha iqala ukukhula endaweni yayo. Le yindlela umjikelo oqala ngayo kwakhona.
Njengoko ukhula, isantya sokukhula kwezi nwele siyehla kancinci kancinci.
Iintlobo zokulahleka kweenwele
Ukulahleka kweenwele ngokwezonyango kwaziwa ngokuba yi- Alopecia . Kukho neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zale nto. Makhe sijonge iintlobo eziphambili.
| Uhlobo lweenwele | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| I-Involutional Alopecia | Oku kwenzeka ngokwendalo njengoko sikhula. Iifollicle zeenwele ziya kwisigaba sokuphumla rhoqo, kwaye iinwele eziseleyo ziba zimfutshane kwaye zinciphe. |
| I-Androgenic Alopecia | Le yimeko yemfuza edluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Xa ichaphazela amadoda, ibizwa ngokuba yi-'male pattern baldness'. Iinwele ziqala ukuhla emacaleni ebunzi nasentloko. Xa ichaphazela abafazi, ibizwa ngokuba yi-'female pattern baldness', apho iinwele ezisentloko ziba ncinci. |
| I-Alopecia Areata | Oku kungaqala ngequbuliso. Iinwele ziyawa zibe ziindawo ezifana 'ne-scallop'. Zidla ngokuchaphazela abantwana kunye nabantu abadala abancinci. Kodwa kwiimeko ezingama-90%, iinwele ziphinda zikhule emva kweminyaka embalwa. |
| I-Telogen Effluvium | Xa umzimba okanye ingqondo iphantsi koxinzelelo olukhulu (umz., isifo esinzima, ukuzala, ukuvavanywa), iifollicles zeenwele ezininzi ngequbuliso zingena kwinqanaba lokuphumla. Oku kubangela ukuba iinwele ezininzi ziphume okwethutyana. |
| I-Alopecia yokutsala | Iintlobo zeenwele ezitsala iinwele ziqine (umz., ii-tight braids, i-tight ponytails) zingonakalisa ii-follicles zeenwele kwaye zibangele ukulahleka kweenwele ngonaphakade. |
| I-Alopecia eneentlungu | Ezinye izifo zesikhumba kunye neemeko (umz. iFolliculitis, iLupus) zinokutshabalalisa unaphakade iifollicle zeenwele, zishiye isilonda. Iinwele aziyi kuphinda zikhule kwezi ndawo. |
Kutheni le nto iinwele ziphuma? Zithini izizathu?
Oogqirha abakayazi kakuhle ukuba kutheni ezinye iifollicle zeenwele zinomjikelo omfutshane wokukhula kunezinye, kodwa kukho izinto ezininzi eziphambili ezibangela ukulahleka kweenwele.
- Iihomoni:Ukungalingani kwamahomoni, njengeehomoni zamadoda (androgens), kunokubangela ukulahleka kweenwele.
- Iijini: Ukuthambekela ekubeni neenwele kunokufunyanwa ziijini ezizuzwe njengelifa kumama nakutata.
- Uxinzelelo lwengqondo nolomzimba: Ukulahleka kweenwele kunokwenzeka kwiinyanga ezimbalwa emva kokugula kakhulu, ukuzala, utyando, okanye uxinzelelo lwengqondo.
- Amanye amayeza: I-Chemotherapy, amayeza okunciphisa igazi, kunye namanye amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu anokubangela ukulahleka kweenwele okwethutyana.
- Ezinye iimeko zonyango: Iimeko ezifana nesifo se-thyroid, isifo seswekile, i-lupus, ukungabikho kwesinyithi, kunye ne-anemia zinokubangela ukulahleka kweenwele.
- Ukunqongophala kwesondlo: Ukutya okuneproteni encinci, iivithamini A, B, C, D, E, kunye nokunqongophala kwezondlo ezifana ne-zinc kunye ne-iron nako kunokuba yimbangela.
- Izinto eziyingozi onokuzenza ezinweleni zakho: Ukuzihlamba rhoqo ngeshampu, ukuzidaya, ukuzidaya, kunye nokuzilungisa iinwele kunokwenza iinwele zakho zibe buthathaka kwaye ziqhekeke. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zinto azisoloko zibangela ukuba iinwele zakho zibe neenwele ezinde.
Indlela yokubona ukulahleka kweenwele? (Iimpawu)
Ukulahleka kweenwele ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba kancinci kancinci, ngamanye amaxesha kungaba ngequbuliso. Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisizathu.
- Ukuncipha kancinci kancinci esithsaba: Olu luphawu oluphambili lokufumana impandla njengelifa.
- Ukulahleka kweenwele ngequbuliso: Oku kunokwenzeka emva koxinzelelo okanye ukugula. Ungabona iinwele ezininzi kwikama yakho, kwikhava yomqamelo, okanye kwigumbi lokuhlambela.
- Amabala angqukuva naneziqwenga: Olu luphawu lwe-'Alopecia Areata'. Ingafumaneka nakwiindawo ezifana neendevu namashiya.
- Mhlawumbi nezinye iimpawu:
- Ukudumba kwentloko, ukurhawuzelelwa, kunye nentlungu (kusenokuba luphawu losulelo).
- Izilonda ezifana ne-scarcase, ezifana ne-blister (zisenokuba luphawu losulelo lwe-fungus).
Ugqirha uyixilonga njani le nto? (Uxilongo)
Ukuba ucinga ukuba ulahlekelwa ziinwele ezininzi, eyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha ngoko nangoko . Okukhona unobangela ubonakala ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona unyango lunokuqala ngokukhawuleza.
Ugqirha angenza oku kulandelayo:
- Uza kubuzwa ngembali yakho yezonyango kunye neenkcukacha zosapho.
- Intloko yakho iza kuhlolwa ngononophelo.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi luyalelwe (umz., amanqanaba esinyithi, i-vitamin D, iihomoni ze-thyroid).
- Ngamanye amaxesha ulusu lwentloko luhlolwa ngekhamera ekhethekileyo (i-trichoscopy) eyikhulisayo.
- Ukuba kuyimfuneko, iqhekeza elincinci lesikhumba esiphuma entlokweni linokuthatyathwa ukuze lihlolwe (i-biopsy).
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokulahleka kweenwele. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukulahleka kweenwele kuyayeka kuze kuqale ukukhula kwakhona xa imeko engaphantsi inyangiwe. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintlobo (ezifana ne-alopecia areata) zihlala zihleli. Nangona unyango lunokuthintela ukulahleka kweenwele okungakumbi, kunzima ukukhulisa kwakhona iinwele esele zilahlekile.
Kukho iindlela ezininzi eziphambili zonyango:
- Amayeza:
- Amayeza afana ne-'Minoxidil (Rogaine)' okunceda ukudumba kwentloko.
- Iipilisi ezifana ne-'Finasteride (Propecia)' zamadoda (ezi mazithathwe kuphela emva kwengcebiso kagqirha).
- Amayeza aqulethe ii-steroids (ii-Corticosteroids) kwiimeko ezifana ne-'Alopecia Areata'.
- Iindlela Zonyango Olukhethekileyo (Iinkqubo):
- Ukuxhunyelelwa kweenwele: Ukuthatha iinwele kwenye indawo yomzimba uze uzifake kwiindawo ezingenanto.
- Unyango olukhanyayo: Ukuvuselela iifollicle zeenwele kusetyenziswa ukukhanya kwelaser okuphantsi.
- Unyango lwe-plasma etyebileyo ngeeplatelet (PRP): Ukufaka i-plasma ekhutshwe egazini lakho entlokweni ukuze kukhuthazwe ukukhula kweenwele.
- Ukufakwa kwesikhumba esincinci: Ukusebenzisa itattoo esisigxina kwiindawo ezinempandla ukuze kubonakale ngathi iinwele zikhangeleka njani.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba olu nyango luthatha ixesha. Kungathatha iinyanga ezi-3-6 ukubona iziphumo. Kwakhona, musa ukulandela yonke into ethengiswa njenge "yeza lokukhulisa iinwele." Soloko ucela ingcebiso kugqirha ofanelekileyo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Kuqhelekile ukulahlekelwa ziinwele ezingama-50-100 ngosuku. Ukuba ulahlekelwa ziinwele ezingaphezulu koko, uphuma amabala, okanye unezinye iimpawu, bona ugqirha.
- Zininzi izizathu zokulahleka kweenwele. Kusenokuba lufuzo, iihomoni, uxinzelelo, ukungondleki kakuhle, okanye ezinye iimeko zonyango.
- Okukhona unobangela ubonakala ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona unyango lunokuba nempumelelo. Ngoko ke, funa ingcebiso kagqirha kwangoko xa ubona ingxaki.
- Ukutya ukutya okunesondlo, ukuphepha iindlela eziyingozi zeenwele, kunye nokulawula uxinzelelo kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yeenwele.
- Ukuba ukulahleka kweenwele ngumthwalo omkhulu engqondweni yakho, thetha nogqirha wakho ngako. Uncedo lwengqondo nalo luyinxalenye yonyango. Musa ukuphelelwa lithemba!
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