Ingaba inxalenye yengqondo yomntwana wakho iphuma entlokweni yakhe? Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-encephalocele!

Usenokuba ukhe wabona, okanye weva ukuba ezinye iintsana zizalwa zinomngxuma omncinci ekhayeni lazo, kunye nenxalenye yengqondo yazo ephumayo. Kuqhelekile ukuba nawuphi na umzali oyike xa ebona oku. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-encephalocele. Ungakhathazeki, siza kuthetha ngayo ngokweenkcukacha nangokulula.

Yintoni i-Encephalocele?

Ngamafutshane, i-encephalocele sisiphene sokuzalwa apho amathambo ekhanda lomntwana angavaleki kakuhle, nto leyo ebangela ukuba izicubu zengqondo ziphume kuwo. Oku kunokubonakala njengebhaluni encinci ephuma ekhanda.

Le meko ibangelwa sisiphene setyhubhu yemithambo-luvo . Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba yintoni le tyhubhu yemithambo-luvo. Kulula kakhulu. Emva kokuba umntwana ekhulelwe esibelekweni, kwiiveki ezimbalwa zokuqala, ingqondo yomntwana kunye nomqolo wakhe ziqala ukukhula ngendlela efana netyhubhu. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yityhubhu yemithambo-luvo. Ukuba umphezulu wale tyhubhu yemithambo-luvo awuvaleki kakuhle, le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-encephalocele iyenzeka. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kunokuba yimeko encinci, okanye kunokuba nzima ngokwaneleyo ukuba kube yingozi kubomi.

Ziziphi iintlobo ze-encephalocele?

Ii-Encephaloceles zahlulwe ngokwendawo ezakheke kuyo ekhayeni. Zifumaneka ikakhulu kwezi ndawo zilandelayo:

• I-Occipital: Ngasemva kwentloko yomntwana, kufutshane nentamo. Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo.
• I-Parietal: Ngaphezulu kwentloko, ngasemva.
• I-Frontoethmoidal (ekwabizwa ngokuba yiSincipital): Ibunzi lomntwana lithe tye.
• I-Sphenoidal: Ifumaneka ngaphakathi entlokweni, ngasemva kwamehlo naphambi kweendlebe. Oku kusenokungabonakali ngaphandle.

Ngaphezu koko, oogqirha bayahlulahlula oku kube ziintlobo ezimbini, kuxhomekeke ekubeni kungaphambili okanye ngasemva kwentloko:

• Ngaphambili: Umphambili wekhakayi lomntwana.
• Ingasemva: Ngasemva kwekhakayi lomntwana.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

I-Encephalocele yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Ukuba ujonga izibalo kwilizwe elifana neMelika, le meko iyenzeka kumntwana omnye kwi-10,500 ezizalwayo. Oko kuthetha ukuba malunga neentsana ezingama-375 ngonyaka. Nangona kunzima ukufumana izibalo ezichanekileyo eSri Lanka, le meko ithathwa njengemeko engaqhelekanga kuyo yonke indawo.

Unjani umntwana one-encephalocele?

Ukuba usana olusandul’ ukuzalwa lune-encephalocele, ungabona umngxuma ekhayeni lalo ongavalwanga ngokupheleleyo. Ngenxa yoko, izicubu zobuchopho ziphuma ngomngxuma ekhayeni njengengxowa egqunywe lusu . Kubonakala ngathi ibhaluni iphuma entlokweni. Ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni umngxuma uphi, kunokubakho ukukhula okufana neenwele kwingxowa.

Lo mngxuma osekhayeni ungabonakala naphi na entloko. Nangona kunjalo, ubonakala kakhulu ebunzini okanye ngasemva kwentloko, kufutshane nentamo.

Zithini iimpawu ze-encephalocele?

Iimpawu zale meko zingahluka kumntu nomntu. Zixhomekeke kubukhulu bomngxuma okwikhakayi, indawo ekuyo, kunye nokuba ubuchopho buphuma kangakanani. Ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Intloko ebuhlungu (ingakumbi kubantwana abadala okanye ukuba ifunyanwe kamva)
• Iingxaki zokubona
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha kwimilenze
• Intloko incinci kunokuba bekulindelwe xa uzalwa
• I-Ataxia (ukungalingani xa uhamba okanye uhamba)
• Ukukhubazeka kobuso (ingakumbi ecaleni kwebunzi)
• Ukuxinana kwempumlo (ukuba kukho i-encephalocele empumlweni)
• Ukuvuza kolwelo lomqolo oluphuma empumlweni okanye endlebeni

Ngamanye amaxesha, iimpawu zinokubangelwa kukuqokelelana kolwelo olufana namanzi ngaphakathi kwengqondo (oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-hydrocephalus ).

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ze-encephalocele?

Ezinye ii-encephaloceles ezincinci zinokuphela ngaphandle kweengxaki ezinkulu. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko, iingxaki ezihlala ixesha elide zinokubakho. Ezi ziquka:

• Ukulibaziseka kophuhliso (umz., ukulibaziseka kokuthetha, ukuhamba)
• Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo
• Iingxaki zokubona
• Ukulibaziseka kokukhula ngokomzimba
• Ukuxhuzula

Zithini izizathu ze-encephalocele?

Amaxesha amaninzi, i-encephalocele yimeko yokuzalwa . Oko kukuthi, yinto eyenzeka ngelixa umntwana esesesibelekweni. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu, inokwenzeka kamva ngenxa yokwenzakala entloko, umhlaza wobuchopho, okanye ezinye iimeko ezingaqhelekanga ezifana ne- idiopathic intracranial hypertension .

I-Congenital encephalocele yenzeka xa umphezulu wetyhubhu ye-neural, ebekukhankanyiwe ngaphambili, ungavali kakuhle. Le tyhubhu ye-neural yinxalenye yezicubu apho ubuchopho bomntwana kunye nomqolo wakhe kwakheka khona okokuqala. Kwiveki yesithathu okanye yesine yokukhulelwa, ijika ibe yimilo efana netyhubhu kwaye kufuneka ivalwe kakuhle. Ukuba umphezulu awuvali kakuhle, ukhakhayi aluyi kwakheka ngokupheleleyo. Yiyo loo nto inxalenye yengqondo yomntwana iphuma kulo mngxuma.

Isizathu esichanekileyo sokuba ityhubhu ye-neural ingavaleki kakuhle asikaziwa okwangoku, kodwa uphando lubonisa ukuba ezi zinto zilandelayo zinokudlala indima:

• Utshintsho kwimfuza (into eyenzekayo ngexesha lokukhulelwa)
• Ezinye izifo ezifunyanwa ngumama ngexesha lokukhulelwa (umz. iToxoplasmosis , iRubella , iCytomegalovirus), Intsholongwane yeHerpes Simplex (iHerpes Simplex Virus )
• Ezinye izifo zenkqubo yemithambo-luvo (umz. Uhlobo lwesithathu lweChiari Malformation)

I-Encephalocele inokubangelwa nazezinye iimeko zonyango. Umzekelo:

• Isifo sikaWalker-Warburg
• Isifo sikaKnobloch
• Isifo sikaRoberts
• I-Amniotic Band Syndrome

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko we-encephalocele?

Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho oye waba ne-neural tube defect (NTD), unamathuba amancinci okuba nayo. Kwakhona, ukuba awufumani i-folic acid (i-vitamin B9) eyaneleyo ngaphambi nangexesha lokukhulelwa, umngcipheko wokuba nomntwana one-neural tube defect uphezulu.

Ifunyanwa njani i-encephalocele?

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ugqirha wakho unokuyibona le meko ngexesha le -ultrasound scan eqhelekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho. Ukuba kukho amathandabuzo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ne- prenatal MRI scan. Oku kunokubonelela ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga nale meko.

Le meko inokuqinisekiswa xa umntwana ehlolwa emva kokuzalwa. Ukongeza, kwenziwa uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nezinye iiskeni ukuze kuzanywe ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni ebangela oku kwaye imchaphazele njani umntwana. Unyango lucwangcisiwe ngokufanelekileyo.

Ngaba i-encephalocele ingaze ifunyanwe?

Ewe, ngamanye amaxesha inokwenzeka. Ingakumbi ii-encephaloceles ezincinci kakhulu, ezo zifumaneka empumlweni okanye ebunzini lomntwana, ngamanye amaxesha zinokungafunyaniswa. Ezi zincinci azisoloko zibangela naziphi na iimpawu ezinkulu kumntwana osandul’ ukuzalwa, kwaye azibangeli iingxaki njengoko zikhula.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-encephalocele?

Unyango oluphambili lwale meko kukuhlinzwa ukulungisa ukhakhayi nokususa izicubu zengqondo eziphumayo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, inxalenye yengqondo ephuma kukhakhayi ayisebenzi kwaye inokususwa. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba umngxuma mncinane, ingqondo ibuyiselwa ngaphakathi kukhakhayi, aze emva koko ugqirha alungise ukhakhayi.

Olu tyando ludla ngokwenziwa kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuzalwa, kwiinyanga ezimbalwa zokuqala, okanye kunyaka. Luxhomekeke kubukhulu be-encephalocele, indawo ekuyo, kunye nokuba luchaphazele kangakanani umntwana.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba iintsana ezinje zidla ngokutyandwa izihlandlo ezingaphezu kwesinye. Ukuba zineengxaki zobuso, kufuneka zityandwe, kwaye ukuba zine-hydrocephalus, kufuneka zityandwe.

Njengoko umntwana wakho ekhula, usenokufuna uncedo olongezelelweyo. Umzekelo:

• Iinkqubo zemfundo ekhethekileyo esikolweni
• Ukuba unesithuthwane, thatha amayeza aso.
• Iiglasi zeengxaki zokubona

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, iqela lezonyango lomntwana wakho liqeqeshwe kakhulu. Baza kwenza konke okusemandleni abo ukunciphisa ezi ngozi.

Ezinye zeengozi zezi:

• Usulelo
• Ukuvuza kolwelo lomqolo
• Ukopha

Ukuba umngxuma osekhakhayini mkhulu kwaye inxalenye enkulu yengqondo ibandakanyekile, kukho umngcipheko omkhulu weengxaki zemithambo-luvo. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale unyango, thetha nogqirha womntwana wakho malunga nezi ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ngaba umntwana one-encephalocele angaphila?

Ewe, iintsana ezine-encephalocele zinokuphila. Utyando lokulungisa ukhakhayi lunokubanceda baphile. Nangona kunjalo, iintsana ezinemingxuma emikhulu yokhakhayi zinokuba neempawu kunye neengxaki ezininzi kuneentsana ezinemingxuma emincinci. Ngenxa yoko, zinokuba sengozini enkulu yokuba nobomi obude okanye obufutshane.

Uphando lufumanise ukuba iintsana ezinemingxuma ngaphambili kwentloko yazo zineziphumo ezingcono kuneentsana ezinemingxuma ngasemva.

Ingakanani izinga lokufa?

Ngokwedatha evela kwimibutho efana ne-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), izinga lokufa kweencephaloceles ezinkulu limalunga ne-45%. Oko kuthetha ukuba amathuba okusinda yi-55%. Le ngozi iyanda ngokuxhomekeke kubukhulu bomngxuma okwikhakayi, indawo ekuyo, kunye nempilo yosana xa luzalwa.

Ngaba i-encephalocele ingathintelwa?

Akukho ndlela ithile yokuthintela i-encephalocele. Nangona kunjalo, ungayinciphisa ingozi yokuba nomntwana one-neural tube defect. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumana i-folic acid eyaneleyo.

Ukuba uceba ukukhulelwa, bonana nogqirha wakho ukuze akunike iingcebiso ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela ukuba uthathe i-400 mcg (ii-microgram) ze-folic acid ngosuku, nokuba awucebi ukukhulelwa ngelo xesha. Oku kungenxa yokuba iziphene ze-neural tube (NTDs) zenzeka kwi-trimester yokuqala yokukhulelwa. Oku kuthetha ukuba uhlala ungazi nokuba ukhulelwe. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuthatha i-folic acid kwangethuba.

Ukongeza, ukuba kukho nabani na kusapho lwakho okhe waba neziphene ze-neural tube (NTDs), okanye ukuba ukhe waba nomntwana onaye ngaphambili, xelela ugqirha wakho. Ugqirha wakho angakunceda uthintele iziphene ze-neural tube (NTDs) kwixesha elizayo.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba uceba ukukhulelwa, ingcebiso ngaphambi kokukhulelwaThetha nogqirha ngale nto. Banokukunceda ugcine impilo entle ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba nomntwana onesiphene sokuzalwa.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha wakho?

Xa ufumanisa ukuba umntwana wakho une-encephalocele, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nemibuzo emininzi. Musa ukoyika ukubuza imibuzo efana nale:

• Uphi umngxuma osekhayeni lomntwana wam?
• Ngaba umntwana wam udinga utyando?
• Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zotyando?
• Ndingamnyamekela njani umntwana wam emva kotyando?
• Zeziphi iingxaki ekufuneka ndiziqaphele?
• Ndenze ntoni ukuba umntwana wam uphoswa ziindlela zokukhula ezifanelekileyo ngokweminyaka yakhe?

Ukuba nomntwana one-encephalocele luhambo olunzima kakhulu. Ungaziva uxinezelekile kwaye ungenakunceda, ingakumbi ngexesha lonyango lomntwana wakho. Umntwana wakho kuya kufuneka ahlale esibhedlele ngelixa ephila emva kotyando. Ngeli xesha, hlala ungqongwe lusapho nabahlobo abanokunika inkxaso nanini na xa uyidinga.

Abantu abaninzi bafumana intuthuzelo enkulu xa bethetha nomcebisi wezempilo yengqondo , ingakumbi emva kokulahlekelwa ngumntwana ngequbuliso. Iingxaki ezibangelwa yi-encephalocele zinokuchaphazela umntwana njengoko ekhula. Ngoko ke, bonana nogqirha womntwana wakho rhoqo kwaye ubeke iliso ekukhuleni nasekuchacheni kwakhe.

Umyalezo obalulekileyo kuwe (Umyalezo oya ekhaya)

Nangona i-encephalocele iyimeko eyoyikisayo, xa ifunyanwa kwangethuba kwaye inyangwa ngokufanelekileyo, iintsana ezininzi zinokuphila ngempumelelo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuthatha i-folic acid ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe kwaye ulandele icebiso likagqirha wakho. Ukuba unemibuzo malunga noku, ungoyiki ukuthetha nogqirha. Khumbula, awuwedwa.

I- Encephalocele, iziphene zokuzalwa, iziphene zetyhubhu ye-neural, izifo zobuchopho, impilo yomntwana, impilo yokukhulelwa, i-folic acid