Sonke sicinga kakhulu ngolusu lwethu nendlela yokulugcina luhle, akunjalo? Akukho nto singayenziyo ukuze silugcine lukhazimla kwaye lugudile. Kodwa ngaba wakha wacinga ukuba ulusu lwakho aluyonto nje yokuzikhusela, kodwa luyikhaka elimangalisayo elikhusela umzimba wethu wonke? Ngoko ke, eyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo nebonakalayo yale khaka likhuselayo yi-epidermis, esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni i-epidermis?
Cinga ngolusu lwethu njengodonga olwenziwe ngamaleya amathathu. Umaleko ongaphezulu wolu donga, umaleko esiwubonayo nesiwuchukumisayo, ubizwa ngokuba yi-epidermis. Ngaphantsi kwawo kukho amanye amaleya amabini aphambili, i-dermis kunye ne-hypodermis.
I-epidermis yeyona maleko incinci kakhulu yesikhumba. Kodwa into emangalisayo kukuba, yile maleko incinci enoxanduva lokukhusela imizimba yethu kwihlabathi langaphandle. Okumangalisa nangakumbi kukuba ngaphakathi kwale maleko incinci, kukho ezinye iileya ezintlanu ezingaphantsi! Ifana netswele elineeleya ezininzi.
Zithini ezo layer zincinci zi-5 kwi-epidermis?
Ngoku makhe sijonge ii-sub-layers ezintlanu ezenza olu layer luphambili, i-epidermis. Ezi zicwangciswe ngokulandelelana ukusuka ezantsi ukuya phezulu.
| Igama leleya | Okwenzekayo kucacile |
|---|---|
| 1. Isiseko seStratum (kumgangatho ongezantsi) | Le yindawo 'yomzi-mveliso' apho kwenziwa khona iiseli ezintsha zesikhumba. Iiseli ezibizwa ngokuba zii-keratinocytes zenziwa apha kwaye ziya phezulu. Ezi seli zenza iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-keratin enceda ekwakheni iinwele zethu, iinzipho, kunye nomgangatho ophezulu wesikhumba sethu. Ii-Melanocytes , ezenza i-pigment melanin enika ulusu lwethu umbala wayo, nazo ziyafumaneka kolu luhlu. |
| 2. I-Stratum spinosum | Kulapho iiseli ze-keratinocyte zinamathelana khona kwaye zidityaniswe khona. Yile nto enika ulusu lwethu amandla kunye nokuguquguquka. Olu layer lunceda ukugcina ulusu lungakrazuki xa lusoluliwe okanye lushukunyiswa. |
| 3. I-Stratum granulosum (i-Stratum granulosum) | Xa sifika kolu maleko, iiseli ziqala ukufa, imo yazo iba tyaba, kwaye kulapho ziqala khona ukwenza umqobo wamafutha othintela amanzi ukuba angangeni eluswini. |
| 4. I-Stratum lucidum | Olu lulwaleko lukhethekileyo kakhulu. Alufumaneki kuwo wonke umzimba wethu. Lufumaneka kuphela kwiindawo apho sisebenzisa khona ulusu lwethu oluninzi, apho kukho ulusu olutyebileyo. Umzekelo, ezintendeni zezandla zethu nasezinyaweni zethu . Olu lulwaleko olucacileyo olubonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelekileyo. |
| 5. I-Stratum corneum (Umgangatho ophezulu) | Le yinxalenye yesikhumba esiyibonayo nesiyichukumisayo, inxalenye esiyibiza ngokuba lusu lwethu. Yenziwe ngokupheleleyo ziiseli zekeratin ezifileyo nezithe tyaba. Le yikhaka lethu lokwenyani elikhuselayo. Yile ngqimba esikhuselayo ekukrweleni, elangeni, kubushushu, nakwiintsholongwane. Ezi seli zifileyo ziyawa kancinci kancinci, kwaye iiseli ezintsha ziyavela ngaphantsi ukuzalisa izikhewu. |
Ngamafutshane, ulusu lwethu luhlala luzihlaziya. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha malunga nenyanga ukuba iseli entsha yakheke kumaleko osezantsi (iStratum basale) ize ikhutshwe kumaleko ongaphezulu (iStratum corneum).
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-epidermis kunye ne-dermis?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, i-epidermis lulwaleko oluphezulu, kwaye i-dermis lulwaleko oluphakathi ngaphantsi. Kukho umahluko ocacileyo phakathi kwezi zimbini.
| Uphawu | I-Epidermis | I-Dermis |
|---|---|---|
| Indawo | Umaleko ongaphandle wolusu. | Umaleko ophakathi phantsi kwe-epidermis. |
| Ubukhulu | Umaleko obhityileyo wesikhumba. (umz., obhityileyo njengegqabi kwinkophe) | Umaleko otyebileyo wesikhumba. |
| Okuqulethwe ngaphakathi | Ngokuyintloko ziiseli ezifana neekeratinocytes kunye neemelanocytes. Akukho mithambo yegazi. | Imithambo yegazi, iziphelo zemithambo-luvo, amadlala okubila, amadlala avelisa ioyile, kunye neefollicle zeenwele zonke zilapha. |
Ziziphi iinkonzo eziphambili ezinikezelwa yi-epidermis emizimbeni yethu?
Inkonzo enikezelwa yile maleko incinci nencinci emizimbeni yethu ayiyonto incinci.
- Ukufuma: Umaleko ophezulu (stratum corneum) wolusu lwethu uthintela amanzi ukuba angatshi kwaye ugcina umswakama eluswini.
- Ukuvelisa iiseli ezintsha zesikhumba: Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, iiseli ezintsha ezikwindawo esezantsi yesikhumba zihlala zihlaziya ulusu ngokususa iiseli ezindala nezifileyo.
- Ukhuseleko: Lo ngumsebenzi ophambili. Njengesikhuselo, sithintela iintsholongwane (iibhaktheriya, iintsholongwane), iikhemikhali, kunye nemitha ye-UV eyingozi ukuba ingangeni emizimbeni yethu.
- Umbala wolusu: I-Melanin, i-pigment eveliswa ziiseli ze-melanocyte, inika ulusu lwethu, iinwele, kunye namehlo umbala wazo.
Ziziphi iimeko eziqhelekileyo ezichaphazela i-epidermis?
Nangona sisikhuselo sethu, i-epidermis ngamanye amaxesha inokuchaphazeleka ziimeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango. Ezinye zezi zinto uyazi kakuhle.
- I-acne
- Amathumba
- Inkwethu
- I-Eczema
- Umhlaza wolusu ofana ne-melanoma
Ukuba uneempawu ezifana namabala amatsha eluswini lwakho atshintsha umbala okanye imo, ulusu olomileyo, oluqhekekileyo, okanye ulusu oluxobukayo, kungcono ukubona ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko ukuze akunike ingcebiso .
Izinto esinokuzenza ukugcina ulusu lwethu lusempilweni kwaye luhle
Sifanele simnyamekele lo mkhuseli wethu uxabisekileyo, akunjalo? Nazi ezinye iingcebiso ezilula zaloo nto.
- Misela imikhwa emihle yokunyamekela ulusu:Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho yokunyamekela ulusu. Sebenzisa isepha ethambileyo, engahlabiyo xa uhlamba umzimba wakho.
- Indlela yokomisa umzimba wakho: Kungcono ukuphulula umzimba wakho kancinci ngetawuli, endaweni yokuwuhlikihla ngamandla.
- Sebenzisa i-moisturizer: Ukufaka i-moisturizer ngelixa ulusu lwakho lusamanzi emva kokuhlamba kuya kunceda ukugcina umswakama. Kungcono ukuyisebenzisa kabini okanye kathathu ngemini.
- Musa ukuhlamba ngamanzi ashushu: Ukuhlamba ngamanzi ashushu kunokususa amafutha endalo eluswini kwaye komise. Sebenzisa amanzi afudumeleyo endaweni yoko.
- Sela amanzi amaninzi: Sela ubuncinane iiglasi ezisi-8 zamanzi ngosuku. Oku kunceda ukugcina ulusu lwakho lumanzi ngaphakathi.
- Yitya ukutya okunesondlo: Faka ukutya okune-antioxidants eninzi, njengeziqhamo, imifuno, imifuno eluhlaza, kunye neentlanzi ezityebileyo kwi-Omega-3.
- Zikhusele elangeni: Sebenzisa i-sunscreen ene-SPF 30 ubuncinane nanini na xa uphuma, nokuba lilanga okanye alikho. Le yeyona nto ilungileyo onokuyenza ukukhusela ulusu lwakho.
- Kuphephe ukukrwela ulusu lwakho: Ukuba unesitshiso okanye i-allergy naphi na eluswini lwakho, ukusikrwela kunokuyenza imeko ibe mandundu. Ukuba kuyimfuneko, bona ugqirha.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-epidermis yeyona maleko iphezulu nebhityileyo yolusu lwethu esikhusela kwihlabathi langaphandle.
- Ngaphakathi kolu maleko mncinci, kukho ezinye ii-sub-layers ezi-5. Nganye kuzo yenza imisebenzi eyahlukileyo.
- Imisebenzi ephambili ye-epidermis kukukhusela imizimba yethu, ukugcina umswakama, ukuvelisa iiseli ezintsha, kunye nokunika ulusu umbala.
- Ngokusela amanzi amaninzi, ukutya ukutya okunesondlo, nokusebenzisa i-sunscreen rhoqo, unokugcina le nxalenye ibalulekileyo yolusu lwakho isempilweni.
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