Ingaba ungumama ozayo? Ngoko ke mhlawumbi ukhe waliva igama elithi 'ukuzisika' xa uthetha ngokuzala. Kuqhelekile ukuba oomama abaninzi bazive besoyika kwaye bexhalabile xa besiva la mazwi. Yintoni kanye kanye le nto yokuzisika? Kwizonyango, siyibiza ngokuba yi-episiotomy. Ngaba le yinto eyenziwa ngumntu wonke? Kutheni yenziwa? Namhlanje, siza kuphendula yonke imibuzo yakho malunga noku kweli nqaku.
Yintoni i-episiotomy?
Ngamafutshane, i-episiotomy sisilonda esincinci esenziwe ngugqirha wakho kwindawo yesikhumba kunye nezihlunu phakathi kwelungu lakho lobufazi kunye ne-anus (ebizwa ngokuba yi-perineum) ukuze umntwana wakho akwazi ukuphuma ngokulula ngexesha lokubeleka.
Ngamanye amaxesha, xa umntwana ephuma, le ndawo inokukrazuka kancinci ngaphandle kokusikwa. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukukrazuka kwe-perineal. Ngaphambili, kwakujongwa njengesiqhelo ukwenza i-episiotomy ngexesha lokubeleka, kodwa namhlanje, oogqirha bakholelwa ukuba kungcono ukuyiyeka ikrazuke ngokwendalo ngaphandle kokuba kuyimfuneko .
Kutheni ke, kusafuneka kwenziwe i-episiotomy?
Nangona oku kungeyonto iqhelekileyo eyenziwa ngoku, kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, ugqirha kufuneka enze olu siko ngenxa yokhuseleko lukamama nosana. Cinga ngako, kufana nokumisa imoto ngequbuliso ukuze uphephe ingozi ngelixa uqhuba endleleni. Ezi zezona meko zibalulekileyo:
- Ukuba umntwana ufumana ukungakhululeki okuthile (ukukhathazeka kwe-fetal) kwaye kufuneka umkhuphe umntwana ngokukhawuleza.
- Xa umama ediniwe kakhulu emva kokuba eve iintlungu zokubeleka ixesha elide kwaye engenamandla okutyhala phambili.
- Ukuba kufuneka usebenzise izixhobo zokususa umntwana okanye izixhobo zokucoca ulwelo , isini kufuneka sibe sikhulu kancinci ukuze kuvunyelwe ukuba ezi zixhobo zifakwe.
- Ukuba umntwana ukwimeko engaqhelekanga, umzekelo, ukuba unesisu esisezantsi okanye ukuba amahlombe omntwana anamathele (shoulder dystocia).
- Ukuba ubungakanani bomntwana bukhulu kunomndilili.
- Xa umama etyhala ixesha elide kodwa umntwana angaphumi.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ugqirha uza kwenza esi sigqibo kuphela xa evakalelwa kukuba akukho ndlela yimbi kwaye iyimfuneko ngokupheleleyo kukhuseleko lukamama nomntwana.
Yenziwa njani le ntambo kwaye zeziphi iintlobo zentambo?
Awuyi kuva ntlungu xa une-epidural. Ukuba sele unayo i-epidural, awuyi kufuna amayeza entlungu angaphantsi kwesinqe. Ngaphandle koko, ugqirha uza kufaka i-anesthetic yendawo apho kuza kwenziwa khona i-incision. Emva koko, njengoko intloko yomntwana iqala ukuphuma kwilungu lobufazi (crowning), i-incision yenziwa ngesikere esikhethekileyo (episiotomy scissors). Emva kokuba umntwana ezelwe, indawo leyo iyalungiswa ngezititshi ezinyibilikayo.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zokusikwa.
| Uhlobo lokusika | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukusika okuphakathi (phakathi) | Olu luqalo oluthe nkqo, oluthe nkqo oluvela kwilungu lobufazi ukuya kwi-anus. Kulula ukulusebenzisa kwaye alunantlungu ingako ngelixa luphola. Nangona kunjalo, kukho umngcipheko ophezulu wokukrazula i-anus. |
| Ukusikwa kweMediolateral | Olu luqalo olwenziwe nge-engile ye-45-degree ukusuka kwilungu lobufazi ukuya ecaleni. Akukho mngcipheko mkhulu wokonakala kwi-anus. Nangona kunjalo, kunzima ngakumbi ukuthunga, kopha kakhulu, kwaye kuba buhlungu ngakumbi ngexesha lokuphiliswa. |
Amaqondo okuKhala
Nokuba kukukrazuka kwendalo okanye yi-episiotomy, yahlulwe yaba ngama-degrees ama-4 ngokuxhomekeke kubukhali bayo.
- Inqanaba lokuqala: Ukukrazuka okuncinci kwesikhumba phezu kwelungu lobufazi kuphela.
- Inqanaba lesibini: Ukukrazuka okudlulela eluswini lwelungu lobufazi nakwizicwili ezingaphantsi. Uninzi lwemicu ye-episiotomy iwela kolu didi.
- Inqanaba lesithathu: Ukukrazuka kwezicubu zesini kunye nemisipha ejikeleze i-anus (i-anal sphincter).
- Inqanaba lesine: Elilona nqanaba linzima nelinzima, apho ukukrazuka kudlulela kwi-rectum.
Yintoni onokuyenza ekhaya ukunceda isilonda siphole ngokukhawuleza?
Iiveki zokuqala emva kokusikwa kunokuba buhlungu. Kodwa ngononophelo olufanelekileyo, ungaphola ngokukhawuleza. Kudla ngokuthatha malunga nenyanga ukuphola ngokupheleleyo. Ezi zinto ziya kukunceda kakhulu.
| Indlela | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Ukufaka iphakheji yomkhenkce | Beka ipakethe yomkhenkce egqunywe ngelaphu elicocekileyo kwindawo apho kufakwe khona izithungo malunga nemizuzu eli-10-15. Oku kuya kunciphisa kakhulu ukudumba kunye nentlungu. |
| Ibhafu yaseSitz | Gcwalisa isitya esincinci (i-sitz bath) okanye isitya esikhulu ngamanzi afudumeleyo uze uhlale kuso malunga nemizuzu eli-15. Yenza oku kabini okanye kathathu ngemini ukuze inxeba lihlale licocekile, uphucule ukujikeleza kwegazi, kwaye uphole ngokukhawuleza. |
| Ibhotile yePeri | Zalisa le bhotile inikwa sisibhedlele ngamanzi afudumeleyo uze uhlambe indawo emva kokuba uchama kwaye usebenzise indlu yangasese. Oku kuya kunciphisa ukudumba kwaye kuncede ukugcina inxeba licocekile. |
| Izibulali-ntlungu | Sela amayeza okudambisa iintlungu (umz. iParacetamol) acetyiswe ngugqirha wakho ngexesha elimiselweyo. Xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba unentlungu enganyamezelekiyo. |
| Umqamelo weDonut | Ukuze unciphise iintlungu xa uhleli, sebenzisa umqamelo omile okwedonathi. Oku kuya kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwindawo yomthungo. |
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha ngoko nangoko?
Nika ingqalelo enzulu emzimbeni wakho ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho. Ukuba unezinye zeempawu ezilandelayo, fowunela ugqirha wakho okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngaphandle kokulibazisa .
- Ukuba intlungu iya isiba mandundu endaweni yokuncipha imihla ngemihla.
- Ukuba kukho ulwelo olungcolileyo okanye ubomvu obuphuma kwindawo yomthungo.
- Ukuba indawo ejikeleze inxeba ibomvu, idumbile, kwaye ivakala ishushu xa uyichukumisa .
- Ukuba kukho ukopha okuvela kwimithungo.
- Ukuba unomkhuhlane, ukugodola, okanye iintlungu zomzimba .
Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zosulelo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukufuna unyango ngokukhawuleza.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-episiotomy ayiyonto eyenziwa rhoqo xa kuzalwa umntwana kule mihla. Yenziwa kuphela xa kuyimfuneko ngokwenene ukuze kukhuseleke umama nomntwana.
- Amayeza anamhlanje ayaqonda ukuba kwiimeko ezininzi, kukhuselekile ukuvumela iinyembezi ziphilise ngokwendalo.
- Ukuba uneenkxalabo okanye amathandabuzo malunga noku, thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngexesha lokukhulelwa kwakho.
- Nokuba unenxeba okanye ukrazukile ngokwendalo, ukunyamekela inxeba ngokufanelekileyo kubalulekile ukuze uphole ngokukhawuleza. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo.
- Ukuba kuvela naziphi na iimpawu ezingaqhelekanga ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho, ungoyiki ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha ngoko nangoko.
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