Ingaba unengxowa encinci kwi-esophagus yakho? (Esophageal Diverticulum)?

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi kukho into ebambeke emqaleni xa uginya ukutya? Okanye ngaba uva nje ivumba elibi eliphuma emlonyeni wakho? Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-esophageal diverticulum, esiza kuthetha ngaso namhlanje. Ungakhathazeki, asiqhelekanga kangako. Kodwa kulungile ukwazi okuncinci ngaso. Masithethe ngaso ngokulula, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni le ngxowa incinci ikwi-esophagus (Esophageal Diverticulum)?

Kulungile, masiqale sibone ukuba yintoni le (Esophageal Diverticulum) . Uyazi, sinetyhubhu ethatha ukutya emlonyeni wethu ukuya esiswini sethu, siyibiza ngokuba yi -esophagus . Ifana nombhobho wamanzi, kodwa yenziwe ngemisipha. Ngaphakathi kwalo mbhobho wokutya, ngamanye amaxesha uphuma kwiindawo ezibuthathaka eludongeni, kwaye wenza into efana nengxowa encinci, okanye ipokotho encinci. Yiyo loo nto siyibiza ngolu hlobo. Cinga ngayo njengetayara emotweni egugayo ize ivuvuke kancinci kwindawo enye. Yiyo loo nto oku kunjani.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zezi ngxowa zincinci.

• Ingxowa 'yenyani': Oku kuthetha ukuba zonke iileya zodonga lwe-usophagus , kuquka neleya yemisipha, ziyavela.
• Isikhwama 'sobuxoki': Kulapho kuvela khona kuphela iileya zodonga, ezifana ne-mucosa kunye neleya engaphantsi (i-submucosa). Kufana nokuba kutsalwa imisonto embalwa yelaphu.

Oogqirha bayazichonga ezi cysts ngokusekwe kwindawo ezikuyo kwi-esophagus. Izizathu ze-cysts kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zinokwahluka.

Ziziphi iintlobo ze-esophageal diverticulum?

Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iintlobo eziphambili ezinokubonwa.

I-diverticulum kaZenker

Olu lolona hlobo luxhaphakileyo . Lwenzeka phezulu kwe-esophagus, apho umphimbo udibana khona nomlomo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi zizikhwama 'zobuxoki'. Isizathu esiphambili kukuba xa ukutya kunzima ukuginya , xa izihlunu zomphimbo zingasebenzi kakuhle, uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwe-esophagus luyanda luze luyityhale iphume kwindawo ebuthathaka. Khawuthelekelele umbhobho wamanzi ovalekileyo ngaxesha lithile, kwaye xa amanzi efika ngokukhawuleza, umbhobho uyadumba ngaphambi kwendawo evalekileyo.

Killian-Jamieson Diverticulum

Oku akuvamile kangako. Kwenzeka kwi-cervical esophagus, inxalenye yentamo yethu ehamba ngaxeshanye nomqolo. Ihlala ibonwa njengesikhwama esinye, esincinci 'esingeyonyani'. Kucingelwa ukuba kubangelwa bubuthathaka bokuzalwa kwizicubu ezikuloo ndawo.

I-Midesophageal Diverticulum

Ezi zizikhwama 'zokwenyani'. Zenzeka kwinxalenye yomqala odlula embindini wesifuba sethu. Zikwabizwa ngokuba yi- (thoracic diverticula) , oko kuthetha ukuba zenzeke kwisifuba. Ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba yi- (traction diverticula).Isizathu soku kukuba zenzeka xa amandla athile angaphandle etsala udonga lwe-esophagus (traction). Umzekelo, ii-lymph nodes esifubeni zinokudumba zinamathele kwi-esophagus, kwaye xa ukudumba kuphelile, udonga lwe-esophagus lunokutsala.

I-Epiphrenic Diverticulum

Oku kwenzeka ekupheleni komqala, ngaphambi nje kokuba ukutya kungene esiswini (distal esophagus). Ezi zihlala ziyimiqolo 'yobuxoki'. Nalapha, unobangela luxinzelelo. Umzekelo, ukuba inxalenye esezantsi yomqala ivalekile, umqolo unokwenziwa ngenxa yoxinzelelo oluvela xa ukutya kuzama ukudlula kuwo uye esiswini.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

I-Esophageal diverticula ayiqhelekanga kangako . Kukholelwa ukuba ichaphazela malunga ne-1% kuphela yabemi. Ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 , ingakumbi emva kweminyaka engama-70. Ixhaphake kancinci kumadoda kunabasetyhini.

Zithini iimpawu ze-esophageal diverticulum?

Uninzi lwexesha, ezi diverticula azibangeli zimpawu . Usenokungazi nokuba unayo. Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo olubizwa ngokuba yiZenker's diverticulum lunokubangela iimpawu. Ukuba unale mpawu, unokufumana ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Kuvakala ngathi kukho ukukhohlela okunento ekrwempayo emqaleni.
• Ukuziva ngathi kukho into ebambeke emqaleni xa uginya ukutya.
• Ukuziva ngathi ukutya kunamathele emqaleni.
• Ukutya kubuyela phezulu emqaleni (regurgitation) xa ugoba phambili okanye ulala phantsi.
• Umoya ombi ngaphandle kwesizathu.
• Ukuphefumla sisandi sokukhala xa uphefumla ngaphandle kwesizathu.

Abanye abantu abanazo ezi mpawu kwaye bafunyanwa ngengozi kuphela ngexesha lovavanyo olwenziwe ngesinye isizathu.

Yintoni ebangela i-esophageal diverticulum?

Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zezizathu. Eyokuqala zizizathu zokutyhafa , enye zizizathu zokutsalwa .

Iingxowa zePulsion: Uninzi lweengxowa zesophageal ziwela kolu didi. Igama elithi 'Pulsion' lithetha "ukutyhala." Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi oluqhubekayo kwisophageal. Oku kwenzeka rhoqo xa siginya ukutya. Ezinye iimeko zonyango kwisophageal ezenza kube nzima ukuginya ukutya zinokubangela olu xinzelelo lungaqhelekanga. Umzekelo:

• (iAchalasia) (ukungaphumli kwemisipha ye-esophagus esezantsi)
• Ukuqaqamba komlomo
• Ukuqina komlomo
• I-Eosinophilic esophagitis

Iingxowa zokutsala:Ezi zenzeka xa into itsala ngaphandle kodonga lomqala ize iyitsale. Yile nto ibangela iingxowa 'zokwenyani', ezibubukhulu bonke bodonga lomqala olutsalelwa ngaphakathi. Ezi zihlala zifumaneka embindini wesifuba. Usulelo olukwindawo yesifuba (mediastinitis) lunokubangela ukudumba, okunokunamathela kumqala, kuze kutsalwe umqala njengoko ukudumba kuhla. Imizekelo yosulelo olunjalo ibandakanya:

• Isifo sephepha
• I-Histoplasmosis , usulelo lwefungus

Zombini ezi zizathu zizinto ezintsha ezikhula ngexesha lobomi bethu. Azifane zibekho ezinye iingxowa zempundu xa zizalwa. Okanye, ubuthathaka bokuzalwa kwizicubu zomjelo wempundu bunokwenza kube lula ukuba ingxowa ikhule kamva. Kodwa uninzi lwexesha, le ngxowa ayiphuhli ngaphandle kokuba kuvela enye ingxaki yempilo kuqala.

Ziziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho ngenxa yale diverticulum ye-esophageal?

Njengoko esi sikhwama sikhula ngokuhamba kwexesha, ukutya kuba lula ukuba kubhajwe ngaphakathi . Oku kunokuvakala ngathi liqhuma emqaleni wakho, okanye kunokusuleleka kwaye kube buhlungu . Ukutya okubhaqwe kunokubangela umoya ongcolileyo kunye nencasa embi emlonyeni wakho. Ukuba kusulelekile, kunokopha kwaye kudumbe. Kwiimeko ezinzima, kunokuvakala ngathi liqhuma elinokuvakala ngaphandle kwentamo yakho.

Enye into kukuba ukutya kunokuhlala kubambekile okwethutyana kuze kubuye kubuyele emqaleni xa utshintsha indawo (umzekelo, xa ugobile). Oku kunokubangela ukukhohlela, ukuphefumla kancinci, kunye nomphimbo obuhlungu. Ukuba oku kwenzeka ebusuku ngelixa ulele, amasuntswana okutya angangena emiphungeni ngaphandle kokuba uqaphele (i-silent aspiration) . Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kunokubangela usulelo emiphungeni (i-aspiration pneumonia) . Oku kuxhaphake kakhulu kubantu abane-Zenker's diverticulum.

Ingaba ngumhlaza lo? Ngaba ngumhlaza?

Ipesenti encinci kakhulu (malunga ne-0.05%) yabantu abane-esophageal diverticulum bafunyenwe benesifo se -squamous cell carcinoma ye-esophagus. Nangona kunjalo, akukacaci ukuba oku kuyenzeka ngengozi okanye ukuba ukucaphuka okungapheliyo okuvela kwi-diverticulum kubangela umhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, le ngozi iphantsi kakhulu .

Ufumanisa njani ukuba une-esophageal diverticulum?

Uvavanyo lwezonyango olujonga ngaphakathi kwi-esophagus lunokufumanisa esi sikhwama. Amaxesha amaninzi, azinazo iimpawu, ngoko ke zifunyanwa ngengozi ngexesha lovavanyo ngesinye isizathu. Ukuba uneempawu ezinxulumene ne-esophagus yakho, ugqirha wakho uya kwenza uvavanyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-radiology okanye i-endoscopy. Ngelixa i-radiology ithatha imifanekiso ngaphandle, i-endoscopy isebenzisa ikhamera ukujonga ngaphakathi.

Luhlobo luni lovavanyo oluza kwenziwa?

Nazi ezinye iimvavanyo ezinokwenzeka:

• Uvavanyo lwe-Esophagram / Barium Swallow:

Olu luhlobo lwe-X-reyi. Ividiyo (fluoroscopy) yomqala wakho ithathwa ngelixa uginya. Kule nto, unikwa ulwelo olunetshokhwe olubizwa ngokuba yi-barium ukuba ulusele. Lugquma ingaphakathi lomqala wakho. Emva koko, i-X-reyi ithathwa ngelixa uginya. Oku kukuvumela ukuba ubone ngokucacileyo imo yomqala wakho, indlela ukutya okudlula ngayo, kunye nazo naziphi na iingxowa ezinokubakho.

• Uvavanyo lwe-Upper Endoscopy / EGD:

Kule meko, kufakwa ityhubhu ende enekhamera encinci ebizwa ngokuba yi-endoscope ngomlomo ize idlule kwi-esophagus iye esiswini. Uza kuthotywa ithontsi ngeli xesha, ukuze ungaziva ungonwabanga. Imifanekiso evela kwikhamera ingajongwa kwiscreen sekhompyutha. Ukuba kukho isikhwama, sinokubonwa ngqo.

• Uvavanyo lwe-Esophageal Manometry:

Ekubeni ubunzima bokuginya bungunobangela omkhulu weengxowa zomqala, iqela lakho lezonyango lisenokucebisa olu vavanyo. Olu vavanyo lulinganisa ukuba izihlunu zomqala wakho ziqina kangakanani xa uginya. Ezi zilinganiso zithathwa kusetyenziswa iisensa ezikwityhubhu efakwa ngempumlo yakho nasemqaleni wakho.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-esophageal diverticulum?

Uninzi lweengxowa zescrotal azidingi nyango . Ukuba azibangeli zimpawu okanye iingxaki, zinokushiywa zodwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ingxowa ibangela iimpawu okanye iingxaki, kunokufuneka ivalwe okanye isuswe. Oogqirha baneendlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza oku. Kusenokufuneka unyange imeko ebangela ingxowa yakho yescrotal.

Iphathwa njani i-esophageal diverticulum?

Ugqirha angakwenza oku nokuba ngotyando okanye nge-endoscopy. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zinokuba zezona zilungileyo kwiintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeengxowa. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe ngokusekelwe kwimpilo yakho iyonke. Umzekelo, ukuba ufuna inkqubo engangenisi kakhulu, i-endoscopy inokuba lukhetho olufanelekileyo. Ugqirha wakho uya kuthetha nawe malunga neengozi kunye neenzuzo zendlela nganye.

Ukulungiswa kotyando

Ugqirha angayinqumla ngokupheleleyo ingxowa (diverticulectomy) okanye ayitsale ayithunge ayibuyisele eludongeni lwe-esophagus yakho (diverticulopexy) . Olu tyando lunokubandakanya inkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-myotomy . I-myotomy yinkqubo esika umsipha kwi-esophagus yakho ukunciphisa ukuqina. Oku kunokuba yimfuneko ukunceda ubunzima bokuginya okwenze ukuba ingxowa yakho yakheke.

I-Endoscopic Diverticulotomy

Enye indlela yotyando kukufaka i-endoscope ngomlomo ungene kwi-esophagus uze wenze utyando ngayo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yinkqubo yeDohlman.Oku kuquka ukusika i-septum phakathi kwesikhwama kunye nolunye udonga lomqala. Oku kungenziwa kusetyenziswa i-laser, i-electrocautery, okanye i-stapler. Ezi zixhobo zinokusika kwaye zivale inxeba.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha emva kolu tyando?

Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele malunga nosuku. Emva koko kuya kufuneka uphumle ekhaya iiveki ezimbalwa. Umphimbo wakho usenokuba buhlungu kwaye udumbile iiveki ezimbalwa. Oku kunokwenza kube nzima ukuginya ukutya. Kusenokucetyiswa ukuba unciphise iintlungu, kodwa kusenokungabi yimfuneko. Ugqirha wakho uya kukunika iingcebiso malunga nendlela kunye nexesha lokuqala ngokutya okumanzi, ngokuthe ngcembe uqhubekele ekutyeni okuthambileyo, uze emva koko uye ekutyeni okuqhelekileyo.

Lithini ilizwi lakho lokugqibela ngale meko?

Uninzi lwabantu lune-esophageal diverticulum kwaye ayibangeli ngxaki . Kodwa ukuba iyenzeka, kukho iindlela ezininzi zokuyilungisa. Izinga lempumelelo lolu tyando lingaphezulu kwe-90% . Nangona kunjalo, kukho umngcipheko we-10% weengxaki ezifana nokopha, usulelo, okanye umonakalo kwi-esophagus. Iqela lakho lezonyango liza kuxoxa nawe ngeengozi kunye neenzuzo zeendlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango.

Ukuba unemeko eyenza kube nzima kuwe ukuginya, usenokuba nengxowa efana nale eludongeni lomqala wakho. Le ngxowa inokuba kwindawo ebuthathaka kumqala wakho ngenxa yoxinzelelo olungaqhelekanga oluvela xa uginya. Isenokungakukhathazi. Kodwa ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha ezinxulumene nomqala wakho, bona ugqirha. Ngaleyo ndlela, banokugqiba ngokuchanekileyo ukuba yingxowa okanye enye into baze bakunike unyango olufunekayo.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

• I-esophageal diverticulum yipokotho encinci eyakha eludongeni lwe-esophagus.
• Ezi aziqhelekanga kakhulu kwaye azibonisi zimpawu.
• Ukuba iimpawu ziyabonakala, zingabandakanya ubunzima bokuginya, ukutya okunamathelayo emqaleni, kunye nomoya onukayo.
• Uninzi lwexesha, ezi azidingi nyango .
• Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu zinzima okanye kuvela iingxaki, utyando okanye iinkqubo ze-endoscopic zinokunyangwa ngempumelelo.
• Kubalulekile ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ukuba unengxaki yokuginya okanye uneempawu ezintsha. Ungakhathazeki, oogqirha bakhona ukukunceda.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Hlala usempilweni!

Umphimbo , umphimbo, i-diverticulum, ubunzima bokuginya, umphimbo obuhlungu, i-reflux, i-endoscopy