Ngaba kukho into ebonakala ingalunganga endlebeni yakho? Isenokuba yingxaki kwi-Eustachian Tube yakho! (Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-Eustachian Tube)

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi kukho into ebambekileyo ezindlebeni zakho, okanye iindlebe zakho zivakala zinzima, okanye uva isandi esirhabaxa ezindlebeni zakho? Mhlawumbi xa unyuka intaba, okanye xa ubhabha ngenqwelomoya, iindlebe zakho zivakala ngathi "zigxothiwe." Ezi azizozinto nje ezingaqhelekanga. Mhlawumbi isizathu sale nto yinto engalunganga ngetyhubhu yakho ye-Eustachian. Ngaba singathetha ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje, ngokungathi sithetha nomhlobo?

Yintoni i-Eustachian tube? Iba njani ingasebenzi kakuhle?

Kulungile, masiqale sijonge ukuba yintoni ityhubhu ye-Eustachian. Ngamafutshane, ifana netyhubhu encinci. Sonke sinale tyhubhu kuzo zombini iindlebe. Le tyhubhu idibanisa indlebe yethu ephakathi (inxalenye engaphakathi kwe-eardrum) ngasemva komqala. Cinga ngayo, xa unyuka intaba okanye ubhabha ngenqwelomoya, uziva uxinzelelo olusezindlebeni zakho lutshintsha. Ngelo xesha, le tyhubhu ye-Eustachian inceda ukugcina uxinzelelo olungaphakathi ezindlebeni zethu kunye noxinzelelo lomoya olungaphandle kwendlebe lulingana. Akunjalo kuphela, kodwa le tyhubhu incinci ikwanceda ekukhupheni ulwelo olungafunekiyo kunye ne-mucus ngamanye amaxesha eqokelelana kwindlebe ephakathi.

Ngoku, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwetyhubhu ye-Eustachian, okanye njengoko sibiza ngokwezonyango , i-Eustachian Tube Dysfunction (ETD) , kuxa la matyhubhu engavuli okanye engavali kakuhle. Kwenzeka ntoni ke ngoko? La matyhubhu anokuvaleka, njengombhobho wamanzi ovalekileyo. Kulapho ke ezo ngxaki zendlebe zikhankanyiweyo ziqala khona ukwenzeka. Nangona le meko inokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha, ixhaphake kakhulu kubantwana abancinci . Kuba amatyhubhu abo e-Eustachian amafutshane kwaye anekona eyahlukileyo. Kubantu abadala, malunga ne-1% yabantu kuthiwa bane-ETD.

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-Eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD)?

Kukho iintlobo ezintathu eziphambili ze-ETD, nganye inomahluko omncinci.

• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kweTube ye-Eustachian ePatulous: Kulapho ityhubhu yakho ye-Eustachian ihlala ivuliwe . Kufana nocango oluhlala luvuliwe. Oku kubangela ukuba isandi sihambe ukusuka kwiindlela zakho zempumlo siye ezindlebeni zakho, kwaye ilizwi lakho lisenokuvakala ngokwahlukileyo. Kusenokuvakala ngathi uva ilizwi lakho likhala ezindlebeni zakho xa uthetha (autophony), okanye unokuva isandi sokuphefumla kwakho ezindlebeni zakho.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-Eustachian Tube: Oku kwenzeka xa i-Eustachian tube ingavuli kakuhle. Oko kukuthi, ayivuli ngexesha ekufanele ivuleke ngalo. Oku kunokubangela ulwelo oluqokeleleneyo endlebeni ephakathi, okubangela intlungu yendlebe, uxinzelelo, okanye ukuziva unzima. Uninzi lwabantu lunolu hlobo lwe-ETD.
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-Eustachian Tube okubangelwa yi-Baro-challenge:Kwimeko enjalo, ityhubhu ye-Eustachian ayivuli kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, iintlungu zendlebe kunye noxinzelelo lwenzeka kuphela xa uye kwindawo ephakamileyo (njengokunyuka intaba), ubhabha ngenqwelomoya, okanye ufumana utshintsho ekuphakameni okanye kuxinzelelo lomoya , njengaxa untywila. Ngamanye amaxesha, usenokuba uphilile.

Ngaba nawe unazo ezi mpawu? (Iimpawu ze-ETD)

Uphawu oluqhelekileyo lwe-ETD kukulahlekelwa kancinci kukuva, ukuziva ngathi ungaphantsi kwamanzi, okanye ukuziva uxinezelekile endlebeni . Ukongeza koku, kunokubakho nezinye iimpawu ezininzi. Jonga ukuba ezi zivakala ziqhelekile na kuwe:

• Ukuziva ugcwele kwaye unzima ezindlebeni.
• Ukuva isandi 'sokunqakraza' okanye 'sokutsiba' endlebeni (ingakumbi xa uginya into okanye uvula umlomo).
• Ukuziva unesizungu okanye ungalingani (isizungu, i-vertigo).
• Intlungu yendlebe - Ngamanye amaxesha intlungu inokuba qatha.
• I-Tinnitus sisandi esiqhubekayo ezindlebeni, esifana nesandi sokukhala.
• Ngamanye amaxesha ukulahlekelwa kukuva kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kulungile ukuba nexhala.

Kutheni iingxaki ze-Eustachian tube (ETD) zenzeka? (Izizathu)

Amaxesha amaninzi, unobangela weengxaki nge-Eustachian tube kukudumba (ukudumba) kwi-tube. Zininzi izizathu ezinokubangela oku kudumba:

• Ii-Allergies: Abanye abantu bane-allergy kwizinto ezifana nothuli, i-pollen, kunye nokutya okuthile. Oku kunokubangela ukuxinana kwempumlo kunye nokudumba kweetyhubhu ze-Eustachian.
• I-Chronic acid reflux (GERD) ebangelwa yi-gastritis engapheliyo: Kule meko, i-asidi yesisu inokubuyela emqaleni, ibangele ukudumba kunye nobuhlungu obujikeleze imingxuma yetyhubhu ye-Eustachian.
• Usulelo olubangelwa ziintsholongwane olufana nomkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane.
• Umkhuhlane kunye nezinye izifo zokuphefumla.
• Usulelo lweSinus (iSinusitis).

Ukongeza, iimpawu ze-Eustachian tube zinokunyuka xa ukwinqwelo-moya, kwindawo enentaba, okanye xa untywila. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -barotrauma . Khawuthelekelele, xa ngequbuliso unyuka, iindlebe zakho zivakala ngathi 'ziyanyamalala' ngenxa yoku. Kwakhona, abantu abane-septum eguqukileyo, ii-polyps zeempumlo, kunye neemeko zokuzalwa ezifana ne-cleft palate basengozini enkulu yokufumana iingxaki ze-Eustachian tube. Abantu abatshayayo nabo basengozini enkulu.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba oku akunanzwa? (Iingxaki ze-ETD)

Ixesha elininzi, oku akuyongozi. Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezingaqhelekanga, ukuba azinyangwa, iingxaki ze-Eustachian tube zinokukhokelela kwiimeko ezinzulu. Umzekelo, ukuqokelelana kolwelo oluqhubekayo endlebeni ephakathi , okukhokelela kusulelo lwendlebe ephakathi (i-otitis media).Inokubangela nokulahlekelwa kukuva okungapheliyo, ukugqobhoka okanye ukurhoxa kwendlebe, kunye nomonakalo emathanjeni endlebe ephakathi. Ngamanye amaxesha, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-cholesteatoma , okukukhula okungaqhelekanga kweeseli zolusu ngaphakathi kwendlebe, inokwenzeka. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ukuba iimpawu zakho zihlala ngaphezulu kweeveki ezimbini.

Khumbula: Nokuba kubonakala ngathi yinto encinci, ayilunganga into yokungazinaki iingxaki zendlebe. Ukufumana unyango ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunokuthintela iingxaki ezinkulu.

Ugqirha uyixilonga njani le nto? (Uxilongo)

Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kuqala akubuze ngeempawu zakho. Unexesha elingakanani unale ngxaki, iba mandundu nini, kwaye ingaba unayo nayiphi na eminye imiba yezempilo. Emva koko uza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Uza kuhlola imijelo yendlebe yakho, iindlebe, iimpumlo, kunye nomva womqala wakho ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-otoscope.

Ngamanye amaxesha, iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo ezifana nezi zinokwenziwa ukuqinisekisa:

• I-Tympanometry: Olu luvavanyo olungenabuhlungu olulinganisa indlela esebenza ngayo indlebe yakho ephakathi, indlela i-eardrum yakho ehamba ngayo, kunye nokuba kukho ulwelo na endlebeni yakho ephakathi. Oku kwenziwa ngokufaka uxinzelelo oluncinci endlebeni yakho.
• Uvavanyo lokuva / i-Audiometry: Olu vavanyo lunokumisela ngokuchanekileyo ukuba unengxaki yokuva, ukuba kunjalo, luhlobo luni, kwaye lungakanani na.
• Usenokwenza ne- endoscopy yempumlo ukuze uhlole impumlo yakho nomqala wakho. Oku kuquka ukudlulisa ityhubhu enekhamera encinci ngempumlo yakho ukuze ujonge ngaphakathi.

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango zoku? (ETD Treatment)

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lweemeko ze-ETD ziyaphela ngaphandle konyango oluthile, kwiintsuku ezimbalwa okanye iveki okanye ezimbini . Ngoko ke amayeza akasoloko efuneka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu zakho zihlala ixesha elide kuneeveki ezimbini, okanye ukuba iimpawu zakho zinzima, unyango lunokufuneka.

Uhlobo lonyango olufumanayo luya kuxhomekeka kwisizathu semeko (umz., i-allergy okanye usulelo), ubukhali bemeko, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke.

Amayeza Asekhaya

Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba yingxaki encinci, unokufumana isiqabu ngezinto ezilula onokuzenza ekhaya, ezinje:

• Igum yokuhlafuna.
• Ukukhamisa.
• Ukuginya rhoqo.
• Zama indlela yeValsalva . Oku kuquka ukuvala umlomo wakho, ukucinezela impumlo yakho ngesandla sakho, nokuzama ukuphefumla ngaphandle. Kufana nokuzama ukususa impumlo yakho evalekileyo. Kodwa musa ukwenza oku ukuba unomkhuhlane okanye impumlo evuzayo, kuba oku kunokubangela ukuba usulelo lusasazeke endlebeni yakho ephakathi. Kungcono ukubonana nogqirha ngaphambi kokuba wenze oku.
• I-saline nasal spray, efumaneka kwikhemesti, ingasetyenziselwa ukucoca imingxunya yempumlo.Ukusebenzisa enye. Oku kuya kunciphisa ukoma ngaphakathi kwempumlo kwaye kuncede ekususeni i-mucus nezinye izinto.
• Ukusebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo (esifana ne-Otovent®) ukunceda "ukuvula" iindlebe. Oku kungasetyenziswa emva kokubonisana nogqirha.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba umntwana wakho unale ngxaki, mnike i-pacifier okanye ibhotile. Ukumunca kunokunceda ekunciphiseni ukukrwitshwa.

Amayeza

Ukuba iingxaki zakho ze-Eustachian tube zibangelwa yi-allergies, amanye amayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwekhawuntara (OTC) anokunceda. Umzekelo:

• Iintlobo zee-antihistamines (umz. `cetirizine`, `loratadine`, `diphenhydramine`).
• Izitshizi ze-steroid zempumlo (umz., i-fluticasone (Flonase®), i-mometasone (Nasonex®). Ezi zisetyenziswa ngcono phantsi kwesikhokelo sikagqirha.
• Ukuba kukho intlungu, thatha amayeza okudambisa iintlungu (umz. i-acetaminophen okanye i-ibuprofen).

Nangona kunjalo, ukuba i-ETD ibangelwa lusulelo lwebhaktheriya (njengosulelo lwendlebe ephakathi), ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane . Banokukunika nee -corticosteroids ngendlela yeepilisi okanye izitshizi zokunciphisa ukudumba.

Kubalulekile ukubonana nogqirha ngaphambi kokusebenzisa amayeza okunciphisa ukuxinana (umz. i-pseudoephedrine (Sudafed®) okanye i-phenylephrine). Nangona la mayeza anokunciphisa ukuxinana kweempumlo okwethutyana, ngamanye amaxesha anokwenza i-ETD ibe mandundu, okanye abangele iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ukuba asetyenziswa ixesha elide.

Mhlawumbi kufuneka utyando? (Utyando)

I-ETD ehlala iinyanga kwaye ingaphucuki ngamayeza namayeza asekhaya ingadinga utyando. Injongo yolu nyango kukuthintela umoya ukuba ungangeni endlebeni ephakathi ngetyhubhu ye-Eustachian, ukusombulula iingxaki zomoya, kunye nokususa ulwelo. Oku kunokunceda ekunciphiseni iingxaki zokuva kunye nezinye iimpawu. Iindlela zotyando ze-ETD ziquka:

• I-Myringotomy: Oku kubandakanya ugqirha otyandayo osika indlebe yakho aze akhuphe ulwelo oluvela endlebeni ephakathi (ukufunxa). Kwabantu abadala, olu qhekeko luhlala luvuliwe de kube ukudumba kwimibhobho ye-Eustachian kuyehla.
• Iityhubhu zendlebe / iiGrommets / iityhubhu zokungenisa umoya: Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha botyando bafaka iityhubhu ezincinci (iityhubhu zendlebe) kwezi zigcawu ngaxeshanye ne-myringotomy. Ezi tyhubhu zibonelela ngomoya kwindlebe ephakathi kwaye zithintela ulwelo ukuba lungaqokeleli kangangeenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kunyaka, okanye nangaphezulu. Ngokwesiqhelo, ezi tyhubhu ziyazikhupha zodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye i-eardrum iyaphola.
• I-Eustachian tuboplasty (okanye i-Eustachian tube balloon dilation): Le yinkqubo entsha. Ibandakanya ukusebenzisa ibhaluni ukwandisa ityhubhu yakho ye-Eustachian evalekileyo. Ugqirha ufaka i- endoscope ( ityhubhu enekhamera encinci) ngempumlo yakho, aze, esebenzisa izixhobo ezikhethekileyo, adlulise ibhaluni kwiindlela zakho zempumlo kwityhubhu yakho ye-Eustachian. Ibhaluni emva koko ivuthelwa umoya kangangemizuzu emibini, ize ikhutshwe kwakhona kwaye isuswe. Oku kuvula ityhubhu ngaphakathi, okuvumela ukuhamba komoya okungcono.

Ndingaphila ngokukhawuleza kangakanani emva konyango?

Kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lonyango olufumanayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha malunga neeveki ezintathu ukuya kwezine ukuze uphile ngokupheleleyo emva kokuhlinzwa kwe-myringotomy. Abantu abaye benza i-eustachian tuboplasty badla ngokufumana isiqabu esikhulu kwiimpawu zabo kwixesha elifutshane, ngesiqhelo malunga neeyure ezingama-24.

Ukuba ufake iityhubhu zeendlebe ze-ETD, zihlala zingaphakathi kangangeenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezili-18. Emva koko, ziya kuzilahla zodwa.

Ngaba akukho ndlela yokuphepha ngokupheleleyo le meko? (Ukuthintela)

Kusenokungabi lula ukuyithintela ngokupheleleyo i-ETD, njengoko ezinye izizathu (umz., umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo) kunzima kuthi ukuzilawula. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho. Umzekelo:

• Nxiba ii-ear plugs ezihluziweyo ukuze unciphise uxinzelelo ezindlebeni zakho (indlebe yenqwelomoya) ngelixa ukwinqwelomoya. Kwakhona, hlafuna itshungama, usele amanzi, kwaye wolule imilenze yakho ngelixa ukhwela okanye uhla kwinqwelomoya.
• Musa ukuhlala kwiindawo ezibandayo kakhulu okanye ezishushu kakhulu, kuba ezi zinto zinokwandisa iingxaki zokutya.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi imini yonke ukuze unciphise i-mucus empumlweni nasemphinjeni.
• Ukuba une-allergies, qhagamshelana nogqirha ukuze akulawule. Ziphephe izinto ezibangela i-allergies kangangoko unako.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, kuphephe ukutshaya kwaye kuphephe ukuphefumla umsi wecuba wabanye abantu.

Ingaba oku kuyingozi? Kuza kwenzeka ntoni emva koko? (Outlook)

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba i-ETD ayisiyongozi kwaye idla ngokuziphelela . Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu ezinxulumene nayo zinokuba yingozi kakhulu kwaye zinokuphazamisana nemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. Ke ngoko, licebo elihle ukuthetha nogqirha wakho malunga nendlela yokulawula le meko.

Iingxaki ze-Eustachian tube zihlala zisiba ngcono kwiveki okanye ezimbini. Nangona kunjalo, abantu abane-ETD engapheliyo banokuba neempawu kangangeeveki, iinyanga, okanye iminyaka. Aba ngabantu abafuna unyango olukhethekileyo.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba unentlungu ebuhlungu ngenxa yengxaki yombhobho we-Eustachian, ukuba unolwelo okanye ubomvu obuphuma endlebeni yakho, ukuba unomkhuhlane, okanye ukuba uneempawuUkuba sele kudlule iiveki ezimbini kwaye unyango lwasekhaya aluncedi, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso. Kungcono ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza, ingakumbi ukuba umntwana omncinci unale mpawu.

Imibuzo ebalulekileyo yokubuza ugqirha wakho

Ukuba ucinga ukuba une-Eustachian tube defect (ETD), kunokuba luncedo ukubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Yintoni ebangela ukuba ndibe nale meko ye-ETD?
• Ngaba zikhona ezinye izinto endinokuzenza ekhaya ngenxa yoku?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokuba ne-ETD?
• Ngaba ndiza kuyidinga imithi yokubulala iintsholongwane okanye eminye imithi ebhalwe ngugqirha? Ukuba kunjalo, kuza kufuneka ndiyithathe ixesha elingakanani?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukunciphisa oku kungakhululeki ndize ndizive ndikhululekile kancinci?
• Ingaba le meko ingenzeka kwakhona? Yintoni ekufuneka yenziwe ukuze kuthintelwe oku?
• Ngaba ndiza kuyidinga into efana notyando?

Okokugqibela, yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-Eustachian Tube Dysfunction (ETD) ayisiyongozi . Ihlala iphela yodwa . Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ayinyangwa, ngamanye amaxesha inokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu ezifana nokulahlekelwa kukuva, ukukhala ezindlebeni (i-tinnitus), usulelo lwendlebe ephakathi, okanye umonakalo osisigxina kwi-eardrum nakwindlebe ephakathi. Ke ngoko, ukuba iimpawu zakho aziphucuki emva kweveki okanye ezimbini, okanye ukuba zinzima kakhulu, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka ubone ugqirha . Unokuyixilonga imbangela yemeko yakho aze akucebise unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe. Luxanduva lwakho ukunyamekela iindlebe zakho!

Ityhubhu ye- Eustachian, i-ETD, iintlungu zendlebe, ukulahleka kokuva, i-tinnitus, indlebe ephakathi, i-eardrum