Mhlawumbi akukho nto ibuhlungu ngaphezu kokubona umama, utata, umakhulu, okanye umalume wethu osele ekhulile ekhohlwa yonke into kancinci kancinci. Ukususela ekulibaleni izinto ezincinci ukuya ekungakhumbulini ukuba singoobani okanye abantwana bethu bangoobani, isifo se-Alzheimer sisifo esisenza sonke singabi nakuzinceda njengentsapho. Kuthekani ke ukuba ukukhanya okuncinci kwelanga kubonakala phakathi kwelifu elimnyama kangaka? Kuthekani ukuba kukho iindaba malunga neyeza elitsha elinokunciphisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo se-Alzheimer? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngophando olutsha oluzise ithemba elinjalo.
Yintoni iDonanemab? Isebenza njani?
Ngamafutshane, iDonanemab liyeza elitsha lophando eliphuhliswayo ukunyanga isifo se-Alzheimer. Lenziwa yinkampani yamayeza i-Eli Lilly.
Ngoku, imbangela ephambili yesifo sika-Alzheimer kucingelwa ukuba kukuqokelelana kweproteni eyingozi ebizwa ngokuba yi -amyloid plaques ebuchotsheni. Njengomhlwa owenzeka kwimibhobho yethu yamanzi, ezi proteni ziqokelelana phakathi kweeseli zemithambo-luvo ebuchotsheni kwaye ziphazamise ukusebenza kwazo. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kubangelwa ziimpawu ezifana nokulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kunye nobunzima bokucinga.
Iyeza iDonanemab lijolise ngqo kwezi depositi zibizwa ngokuba yi-amyloid plaques. Xa eli yeza linikwa umzimba, liya engqondweni, libone ezi depositi zeproteni ezingafunekiyo, lize liqale ukuzisusa. Oku kusebenza njengonyango lwe-antibody . Isiseko sesayensi emva koku kukuba ngokucoca ingqondo ngale ndlela, kunokucothisa ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo.
Iziphumo zolu phando ziphumelele kakhulu kangangokuba u-Eli Lilly ulungiselela ukufaka isicelo kwi-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) ukuze avume ukuba eli yeza lisetyenziswe luluntu.
Iziphumo ezimangalisayo ezityhilwe luphando
Olu asilophando nje kuphela. Olu luvavanyo olucwangcisiweyo, olungaboni kabini, olulawulwa yi-placebo . Oko kukuthi, izigulane zahlulwe zibe ngamaqela amabini, kwaye elinye iqela linikwa iyeza lokwenyani, kwaye elinye iqela linikwa iyeza lobuxoki elingenaso isithako esisebenzayo (i-placebo). Kodwa isigulane okanye iqela elinyangayo alazi ukuba ngubani ofumana iyeza. Le ndlela isenza sikwazi ukulinganisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweli yeza ngokungenamkhethe.
Ngoko ke makhe sijonge ezinye zeziphumo zolu phando. Ezi zibonisa ukuba oku kunokwenza umahluko ongakanani kubomi babantu abane-Alzheimer's.
| Ukufunyanwa kwesitshixo | Inkcazo yesiphumo |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu azibi zimbi | Ama-47% abo bathathe i-donanemab ababonisanga ukwanda kweempawu emva konyaka, xa kuthelekiswa nama- 29% kuphela abo bathathe i-placebo. |
| Ukucothisa isantya sesifo | Xa kuthelekiswa nabo bathathe i-placebo, abo bathathe iDonanemab banciphe ngama- 35% kwizinga lokwanda kwesifo. |
| Ukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla | Amandla okwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla efana nokunxiba nokuzenzela iti wedwa anciphe ngama- 40% . Oku kunika isiqabu esikhulu kumguli nakwintsapho. |
| Umngcipheko wokuqhubela phambili kwinqanaba elilandelayo lesi sifo | Abo bathathe iDonanemab babenomngcipheko oncitshisiweyo ngama- 39% wokudlulela kwinqanaba elilandelayo nelibi kakhulu lesi sifo. |
| Amanqanaba e-amyloid yobuchopho | Kwanakwiinyanga ezi-6 kuphela emva kokuqala unyango, amanqanaba e-amyloid plaques ebuchotsheni bezigulane anciphile kakhulu. |
Olu phononongo lubandakanye izigulane ezikwinqanaba lokuqala lesi sifo. Zahlulwe ngokwamanqanaba azo e- tau, enye iproteni elinganisa ubukhali besifo. Okumangalisayo kukuba, kwanezigulane ezinezifo eziphucukileyo kunye namanqanaba aphezulu e-tau ziye zafumana inzuzo ethile kwiyeza.
Siyazazi neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.
Njengakweminye imithi, kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezixeliweyo. Njengoko sithetha ngethemba, kufuneka sinyaniseke ngale mingcipheko.
Isiphumo esiphambili esibonwa ngeli yeza yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi -ARIA (Amyloid-Related Imaging Abnormalities) . Ngamafutshane, oku kukudumba okwethutyana okanye ukopha kancinci kwengqondo engqondweni. Kukholelwa ukuba kunxulumene nenkqubo yokususa i-amyloid.
- Ama-24% abo bathathe iDonanemabKuye kwadumba ubuchopho, kodwa yi -6% kuphela yabantu abaye babonisa iimpawu.
- Ukopha okuncinci kwenzeke kwizigulane ezimalunga nama- 31% (oku kwenzeka nakwi- 14% yabo bathathe i-placebo).
Eyona nto ingcono kukuba uninzi lwezi meko ze-ARIA zincinci okanye ziphakathi kwaye zinokunyangwa okanye zilungiswe ngonyango olufanelekileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, akufuneki silibale ngale nyaniso. Okubuhlungu kukuba, kuye kwaxelwa ukuba abantu abathathu abafayo ngenxa yesi simo se-ARIA baye bafa ngeli xesha lophando. Oku kusibonisa indlela ekubaluleke ngayo ukuba ujongwe ngokusondeleyo ngugqirha xa usebenzisa iyeza elinamandla kangaka.
Zithini iingcali ngale nto?
Iingcali ze-neurological kwihlabathi liphela ziyavuya ngezi ziphumo. Abanye bathi, "Ngoku singene kwixesha lonyango lwesifo se-Alzheimer."
“Emva kweminyaka yophando olungaphumelelanga, ngoku sifumana iziphumo ezihambelanayo ezibonisa ukuba ukususa i-amyloid kunokutshintsha indlela esi sifo siqhubeka ngayo,” utshilo omnye uchwepheshe.
Enye into eyahlukileyo ngale chiza yindlela esetyenziswa ngayo. Uphando lubonise ukuba xa iproteni ye-amyloid eyingozi engqondweni incitshisiwe ukuya kwinqanaba elithile, iyeza linokuyekiswa . Unyango luye lwayekiswa kwi-52% yezigulane kunyaka omnye kwaye kwi-72% kwiinyanga ezili-18. Oku kufana "nokukhuthaza ukukhululwa" kwesi sifo nokusijonga ngaphandle konyango. Oku kunokuba luncedo olukhulu kwizigulane kunye neendleko zonyango.
Kodwa ezinye iingcali zisalumkile kancinci. Zithi, "Ezi ziphumo zibonakala zilungile kakhulu, kodwa kufuneka sibone idatha epheleleyo. Kukho iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibalulekileyo, kwaye kufuneka sazi ngakumbi ngendlela ezichaphazela ngayo izigulane."
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Donanemab ayilonyango lwesifo sika-Alzheimer, kodwa liyeza elicothisa kakhulu ukuqhubela phambili kwesi sifo, kwaye linika ithemba elikhulu ngekamva.
- Oku kusebenza ngokususa ii-amyloid plaques eziyingozi eziqokelelana engqondweni.
- Oku kunceda izigulana, ingakumbi kwizigaba zokuqala zesifo, ukuba zigcine inkumbulo yazo kunye nokukwazi ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla ixesha elide.
- Ukudumba kobuchopho kunye nokopha okuncinci (ARIA)Kukho umngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu, ngoko ke ukuba ukhetha ukunyangwa ngolu hlobo, kufuneka lwenziwe phantsi kweliso elibukhali kakhulu lezonyango.
- Eli yeza lisesekwinqanaba lophando. Kuza kuthatha ixesha ngaphambi kokuba lifumaneke ukuze lisetyenziswe eSri Lanka. Ke ngoko, ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho obonisa iimpawu ze-Alzheimer's, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha ofanelekileyo ngokukhawuleza kwaye ucele ingcebiso.
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