Xa sifumana isilonda okanye ukwenzakala naphi na emzimbeni wethu, ukujiya kwegazi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kumiswe ukopha . Yindlela yokuzikhusela emzimbeni wethu. Kodwa, kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ukujiya kwegazi kwakheka ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi emzimbeni ngaphandle kwesizathu? Oko kunokuba yingozi kancinci. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko enjalo yelifa eyonyusa umngcipheko wokujiya kwegazi ngokungeyomfuneko. Yiyo leyo iFactor V Leiden thrombophilia .
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iFactor V Leiden?
I-Factor V Leiden thrombophilia yimeko ebangelwa kukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo okufumanayo ukususela ekuzalweni . Oku kwenza igazi lakho likwazi ukujiya ngendlela engaqhelekanga kunesiqhelo. Igama libizwa ngokuthi “factor five Leiden.” U-V umele inani lesiRoma lesi-5.
Ayinguye wonke umntu onesi sifo oza kuba namahlwili egazi. Nangona kunjalo, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba namahlwili egazi xa kuthelekiswa nomntu ongenalo olu tshintsho lwemfuza. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezimbini eziyingozi:
- I-Deep vein thrombosis ( DVT ): Oku kwenzeka xa igazi liqhekeka kwimithambo yegazi enzulu emzimbeni. Ngokuqhelekileyo, eli qhekeza legazi lenziwa kwimithambo yemilenze okanye yeengalo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha linokwenziwa nakwimithambo yesibindi , izintso , ingqondo, okanye amehlo.
- I-Pulmonary embolism (PE): Oku kuyingozi ngakumbi. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba ihlwili legazi eliye lenziwa liyaqhekeka, lihambe negazi, lize linamathele emiphungeni .
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba akufuneki woyike xa ufumanisa ukuba unale meko. Abantu abalithoba kwabalishumi (90%) abanale meko abaze babe namahlwili egazi angaqhelekanga. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqaphela iingozi.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezinokubona le meko?
Enyanisweni, akukho zimpawu ezinxulumene nolu tshintsho lwemfuza. Ungaphila ubomi bakho bonke ungazi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kuvela ihlwili legazi, uya kuqala ukuba neempawu.
Kubaluleke kakhulu: Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu zilandelayo ze-DVT okanye i-PE, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele okanye utsalele i-ambulensi ngokukhawuleza . Asikuko ukulibazisa oku.
| Indawo apho igazi liqhekeke khona | Iimpawu ezinokwenzeka |
|---|---|
| I-Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) |
|
| Ihlwili legazi emaphaphu (PE) |
|
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Yintoni isizathu sale nto?
I-Factor V Leiden ibangelwa kukuguquka kwezakhi zofuzo. Masiyichaze le nto ngokulula.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeeproteni ezinceda ekuqhekekeni kwegazi. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba 'zizinto ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi'. "I-Coagulation factor V" yenye yeeproteni eziphambili. Umzimba wethu uyalelwe ukuba wenze le proteni yi-gene ebizwa ngokuba yi-`F5`.
Ngokwesiqhelo, sonke sizalwa sineekopi ezimbini eziphilileyo zale jini ye-`F5`. Nangona kunjalo, umntu onesifo se-Factor V Leiden unekopi enye okanye zombini zale jini ye-`F5` enesiphako. Le jini inesiphako yafunyanwa okokuqala liqela labaphandi kwisixeko sase-`Leiden` eNetherlands. Yiyo loo nto yafumana igama layo.
Kukho utshintsho oluncinci kwisakhiwo seprotheyini yeFactor V, eveliswa ngumzimba ngenxa yemiyalelo efunyenwe kwi-gene ye-`F5` enesiphene. Ngenxa yolu tshintsho luncinci, ezinye iiprotheyini ezibizwa ngokuba yi-`protein C` kunye ne-`protein S`, ezilawula ukujiya kwegazi, oko kukuthi, ukuthintela igazi ekujiyeni ngokungeyomfuneko, azinakulawula le protheyini yeFactor V etshintshileyo. Ifana nemoto engenazibhuleki. Ngoko ke, igazi liqala ukujiya nangamaxesha angafunekiyo.
Ingaba le yinto evela kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana?
Ewe. Ungayizuza le nto kumama wakho, kutata wakho, okanye kubo bobabini. Izuzwe ngendlela ethi "autosomal dominant". Oku kuthetha ukuba ungayizuza le gene inesiphene kumama wakho okanye kutata wakho.
- Uninzi lwabantu (heterozygous) lufumana ikopi enye kuphela yale gene inesiphene (kumama okanye kutata).
- Kunqabile kakhulu ukuba umntu (homozygous) azuze zombini iikopi zale gene inesiphene (kumama nakutata). Aba bantu basengozini enkulu yokuqhekeka kwegazi.
Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi?
Ukuba une-Factor V Leiden, ezi zinto zilandelayo zinokunyusa umngcipheko wokuba ne-blood clot. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngale nto nogqirha wakho.
| Into enobungozi | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Impembelelo yemfuza | Ukuzuza iikopi ezimbini ze-F5 gene enesiphene (homozygous). |
| Imbali yosapho | Amalungu osapho lwakho asondeleyo aye anesifo se-DVT okanye i-PE. |
| Ezinye iimeko zonyango | Ukuba nezinye iimeko zempilo ezichaphazela ukujiya kwegazi. |
| Utyando | Umngcipheko uphezulu okwethutyana emva kotyando olukhulu. |
| Ukukhulelwa | Umngcipheko uyanda ngexesha lokukhulelwa nasemva kokubeleka. |
| Unyango lwehomoni | Ukusela iipilisi zokulawula ukuzala okanye ezinye iindlela zonyango lweehomoni eziqulethe ihomoni i-estrogen. |
| Indlela yokuphila | Ukutshaya, ukutyeba kakhulu, nokuhlala kwindawo enye ixesha elide kakhulu. |
Oogqirha bayixilonga njani le meko? Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Ukuba unembali ye-DVT okanye ye-PE, ingakumbi usemncinci, okanye ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onayo imbali yesi simo, ugqirha wakho unokurhanela ukuba yi-Factor V Leiden.
Uvavanyo lwegazi olukhethekileyo (kuquka uvavanyo lwemfuza) lwenziwa ukuze kufunyaniswe oku. Oku kunokukuxelela ngqo ukuba unayo na le jini inesiphako, kwaye ukuba kunjalo, nokuba unayo na ikopi enye okanye ezimbini zayo.
Iindlela zonyango
Ngenxa yokuba le yimeko yemfuza ehlala ubomi bonke, akukho nyango lokutshintsha i-gene. Endaweni yoko, unyango lusebenza ekunyibilikiseni amahlwili egazi akhoyo kwaye lunciphise umngcipheko wamahlwili egazi kwixesha elizayo. Ukuze wenze oku, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa oku kulandelayo:
- Amayeza okulwa nokugabha kwegazi: La mayeza akwabizwa ngokuba "zizinto ezinciphisa igazi." La mayeza anyibilikisa amahlwili egazi aze athintele ukwakheka kwamahlwili amatsha. Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba kufuneka uwathathe ixesha elingakanani la mayeza ngokusekelwe kumngcipheko wakho.
- Iikawusi zokucinezelwa: Ezi zinceda ukuphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi emilenzeni kwaye zinciphise umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi.
- Isihluzi seVena cava: Esi sisixhobo esincinci esifana nesihluzi esifakwa kumthambo omkhulu emzimbeni ukuthintela amahlwili egazi ayenzeka emilenzeni ukuba angahambi aye emiphungeni.
- Utyando: Kwezinye iimeko, amahlwili egazi kufuneka asuswe ngotyando.
Ukuba unale meko, ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kufuneka uthethe nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokusebenzisa ucwangciso lokuzalwa, uceba ukukhulelwa, okanye uqalise naluphi na unyango lwehomoni.
Ungaphila njani usempilweni ngeFactor V Leiden?
Kwabaninzi abantu abanale meko, ixesha lokuphila alichaphazeleki. Nokuba igazi liphuma, unyango lwangoko lunokuthintela iziphumo ezibi. Ngoko ke musa ukoyika. Nangona kunjalo, kubaluleke kakhulu ukunyamekela indlela ophila ngayo.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya ngokupheleleyo.
- Musa ukuhlala kwindawo enye ixesha elide. Ingakumbi xa uhamba ngenqwelo moya ixesha elide, vuka uhambehamba uze wolule imilenze yakho ubuncinane kanye ngeyure.
- Gcina ubunzima bomzimba busempilweni.
- Musa ukusebenzisa unyango lwe-hormone olune-estrogen ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha wakho.
Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye uxhalabile xa ufumanisa ukuba une-Factor V Leiden thrombophilia. Kodwa khumbula, uninzi lwabantu abanale meko banokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kweengxaki. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi imeko yakho kwaye ulandele iingcebiso zikagqirha wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Factor V Leiden thrombophilia yimeko yemfuza edluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwegazi.
- Asinguye wonke umntu onesi sifo ofumana amahlwili egazi. Abantu abalithoba kwabalishumi abasayi kuba nangxaki.
- Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ze-DVT okanye i-PE, ezinje ngokudumba kwemilenze, ukuba bomvu, iintlungu zesifuba, kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba le meko ifunyenwe, unyango olufana nezinto zokunciphisa igazi lunokulawula ukwakheka kwamahlwili egazi.
- Soloko uqhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqalise naluphi na unyango lweehomoni okanye indlela yokulawula ukukhulelwa nangaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe.
- Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulandela indlela yokuphila enempilo nokuphepha izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko.
I-Factor V Leiden, ukujiya kwegazi, i-DVT, i-Pulmonary Embolism, i-thrombophilia, izifo zemfuza, ukujiya kwegazi kwimithambo yegazi, eSri Lanka
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