Ingaba i-spleen yakho isebenza nzima kakhulu? (Hypersplenism) Masifunde ngayo ngokulula!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva udiniwe? Okanye ngaba unenxeba elincinci elingayekiyo ukopha? Mhlawumbi unamabala aluhlaza emzimbeni wakho? Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokubangelwa yi- spleen , ilungu elincinci elingaphakathi emzimbeni wethu , elisebenza kakhulu . Namhlanje, masithethe ngale meko (i-Hypersplenism), njengokuthetha nomhlobo.

Yintoni le (i-Hypersplenism)?

Ngamafutshane, i-hypersplenism iyenzeka xa i-spleen yakho isebenza nzima kakhulu. Omnye wemisebenzi ephambili ye-spleen kukususa iiseli ezindala, ezonakeleyo egazini lethu. I-spleen isebenza njengomqokeleli wenkunkuma endlwini yethu. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, xa i-spleen iqala ukusebenza nzima kakhulu , iqala ukususa iiseli zegazi ezisempilweni ngokukhawuleza kunokuba kufanele. Kulapho umzimba wethu ufumana ukunqongophala kweeseli zegazi, okanye "i-Cytopenia". Kufana nokuba izinto ezilungileyo zisuswa ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.

Le meko ichaphazela njani umzimba wakho?

I-Hypersplenism inokubangela ukwehla kwezinye okanye zonke iintlobo zeeseli zegazi emzimbeni wakho. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiimeko ezifana nezi:

• I-anemia : Oku kukuncipha kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi . Iiseli ezibomvu zezona zithwala ioksijini emizimbeni yethu. Ngoko ke xa ziphantsi, ungaziva udiniwe ngalo lonke ixesha, uzive ubanda, ngamanye amaxesha uzive unesizungu, kwaye ube nobunzima bokuphefumla . Kufana nokuba umzimba wakho uphelelwa ngamandla.
• I-Leukopenia: Oku kukuncipha kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi. Iiseli ezimhlophe zifana 'namajoni' emzimbeni wethu alwa nezifo. Ngoko ke xa iiseli ezimhlophe ziphantsi, umngcipheko wokufumana izifo uyanda. Izinto ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane zinokwenzeka rhoqo.
• I-Thrombocytopenia: Oku kukuncipha kweeplatelets. Iiplatelets zinceda ekunqandeni ukopha kwegazi. Zibalulekile ekumiseni ukopha kwegazi, nokuba kukwinxeba elincinci. Ngoko ke xa ziphantsi , kunokuba nzima ukuyeka ukopha igazi, imivumbo inokuvela emzimbeni, kwaye iintsini zinokopha igazi .

Le meko (hypersplenism) inokuba buthathaka kakhulu kwabanye abantu, kwaye inokuba nzima kakhulu kwabanye. Umlinganiselo wokuncipha kweeseli zegazi nawo uyahluka ukusuka kumntu ukuya komnye. Abanye abantu basenokungaziva naziphi na iziphumo ezibalulekileyo kwaye basenokungadingi unyango. Nangona kunjalo, ingakumbi ukuba le meko yenzeka kunye nesinye isifo esinzulu esisisiseko, inokuba yinto ebalulekileyo echaphazela impilo yakho iyonke.

I-hypersplenism yenzeka njani?

I-Hypersplenism idla ngokubangelwa kukuba i-spleen yakho ibe nkulu ngendlela engaqhelekanga (`(Splenomegaly)`). Cinga ngayo, njengoko i-spleen yakho ikhula, inani legazi elinokubamba liyakhula. Emva koko, i-spleen ibamba iiseli zegazi ezininzi ngaxeshanye. Njengoko ibambelela ngolu hlobo, ikwanyusa inani legazi eliyihluzayo, ekugqibeleni ide iqale ukususa iiseli ezisempilweni ngaphezu kokuba kufanele.

Nazi ezinye zezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela ukwanda kwepleen (hypersplenism):

• Isifo sesibindi : Iimeko ezichaphazela isibindi sakho, ezifana ne-hepatitis engapheliyo okanye i-cirrhosis, zinokubangela uxinzelelo oluphezulu kwimithambo yegazi ethwala igazi esibindini nasesinqeni . Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-portal hypertension. Oku kubangela ukuba umthamo wegazi esinqeni unyuke, okubangela ukuba isinqe sidumbe, okanye sikhululeke.
• Iintsholongwane: Ezinye iintsholongwane ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane, ezifana ne-mononucleosis (ekwaziwa ngokuba sisifo sokuqabulana) kunye ne-HIV, iintsholongwane ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane (ezifana nesifo sephepha, i-endocarditis, usulelo lwentliziyo), kunye neentsholongwane ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane (ezifana nemalariya, i-toxoplasmosis) zinokubangela uxinzelelo olukhulu kwinkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela. Oku kubangela ukuba umzimba uvelise ii-antibodies ezingaphezulu kunye neeseli zomzimba kunokuba zifuna. Oku kuveliswa kakhulu kweeseli (hyperplasia) kunokunyusa ubungakanani be-spleen iyonke.
• Izifo ezizikhusela ngokwazo: Iimeko zokudumba ezihlala ixesha elide ezifana ne-lupus, i-sarcoidosis, kunye ne-rheumatoid arthritis zinokubangela ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela isebenze kakhulu, nto leyo ekhokelela kwi-hyperplasia (ukuveliswa kakhulu kweeseli ze-spleen). Kulapho inkqubo yethu yomzimba yokuzikhusela ihlasela iiseli zethu.
• Umhlaza: Kwimihlaza enxulumene negazi efana ne-leukemia okanye i-myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) kunye ne-lymphomas, iiseli zomhlaza zingena kwi-spleen zize ziqale ukwanda apho. Oku kukwabangela ukuba i-spleen ikhule.
• Iingxaki zegazi: Iimeko ezibangela ukuba iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zitshatyalaliswe ngokukhawuleza, ezifana ne-hemolytic anemia (apho iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zitshatyalaliswa ngokukhawuleza) kunye ne-neutropenia, zibeka umthwalo onzima kwi-spleen, enoxanduva lokuzisusa. Kanye njengokuba sidinwa xa sisebenza nzima kakhulu.
• Iingxaki zemetabolism ezizuzwe njengelifa:Iimeko ezibangela ukuba izinto ezahlukeneyo ziqokelele egazini kwaye zichitheke kwizitho zomzimba, ezifana nesifo sikaNiemann-Pick, isifo sikaGaucher, kunye nesifo se-sickle cell, nazo zinokuchaphazela i-spleen, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ikhule.

Zithini iimpawu ze (Hypersplenism)?

Ngamanye amaxesha usenokungabi nazimpawu nangona une-hypersplenism. Yiyo leyo ingxaki ngale nto. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iimpawu ziyavela, zingabandakanya:

• Iimpawu zespleen ekhulisiweyo:
• Usenokuziva iintlungu okanye ukungakhululeki esiswini sakho esingaphezulu ngasekhohlo . Kwabanye, oku kunokuvakala ngathi kubunzima.
• Ngamanye amaxesha ungayiva i-spleen xa uyichukumisa ngesandla sakho. Ngokwesiqhelo, asiyiva i-spleen ngolo hlobo.
• Ngenxa yokuba i-spleen enkulu icinezela isisu ngaphantsi kwayo, ungaziva ugcwele nasemva kokutya ukutya okuncinci . Oku kunokubangela ukungabi namdla wokutya.
• Iimpawu ze-Anemia: Njengoko sele sixoxile, iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zezona zithwala ioksijini ukuya kwizicwili zomzimba wethu. Ngoko ke xa zinganele, izicwili azifumani oksijini. Ngenxa yoko:
• Usenokuziva unesizungu, ubuthathaka, kwaye udiniwe (uzive udiniwe nokuba sele wenze umsebenzi omncinci).
• Usenokuziva ubanda kwaye uneentloko ezibuhlungu rhoqo .
• Ulusu lwakho lusenokubonakala lumhlophe . Abanye banokujonga ubuso bakho baze babuze, "Kutheni umhlophe?"

Ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso.

Uyazi njani ukuba une-hypersplenism?

Ugqirha uza kuqala ajonge ukuba ingaba ipleyini yakho ikhulisiwe na (`(iSplenomegaly)`) aze alinganise nenani leeseli egazini lakho.

• Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha wakho unokuziva i-spleen yakho ekhulisiweyo ngexesha lovavanyo lomzimba . Ugqirha uya kuziva icala lasekhohlo lesisu sakho.
• Uvavanyo lwe-ultrasound lungenziwa ukuqinisekisa oku. Oku kunokulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo ubukhulu bepleen.
• Uvavanyo lwe-complete blood count (CBC) lunokubonisa ngqo ukuba zeziphi iintlobo zeeseli (iiseli ezibomvu, iiseli ezimhlophe, iiplatelets) ezisezantsi egazini lakho kwaye ziphantsi kangakanani. Olu lolona vavanyo lubalulekileyo.

Iphathwa njani iHypersplenism?

I-Hypersplenism idla ngokuba yimpembelelo embi kwaye luphawu lwenye imeko enzulu ngakumbi. Ngoko ke, ukuba awukafumani ukuba unesifo esisisiseko okanye awukaqali unyango lwaso, ugqirha wakho uza kugxila kuloo nto kuqala. Ugqirha wakho kuya kufuneka enze uvavanyo oluthe kratya ukuze afumane unobangela ochanekileyo. Xa unobangela osisiseko unyangwa, umsebenzi wespleen uhlala ubuyela kwisiqhelo.

Unyango lwe-hypersplenism luxhomekeke kubukhali bayo. Ingabandakanya:

• Utofelo-gazi: Inani lakho eliphantsi leeseli zegazi liyabuyiselwa ngegazi elinikelweyo. Oku kungenziwa ngokunika iiseli ezibomvu ukuba iiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi ziphantsi, okanye iiplatelets ukuba iiplatelets zakho ziphantsi.
• Unyango lwemitha oluphantsi okanye i-radiofrequency ablation: Zombini ezi ndlela zisetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukujolisa nokutshabalalisa izicwili emzimbeni, ezifana neethumba ezinomhlaza. Ezi ndlela zingasetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-hypersplenism kunye nokunciphisa i-spleen yakho eyandisiweyo ibuyele kubukhulu bayo obuqhelekileyo. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa oku ukuba i-hypersplenism yakho inzima kwaye imeko engaphantsi ayinakunyangwa ukunciphisa i-spleen.
• Utyando lwe-Splenectomy: Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, ukuba ezinye iindlela zonyango azisebenzanga, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba kususwe inxalenye okanye yonke i-spleen yakho. Ungaphila ngaphandle kwe-spleen, kodwa oko kuyenza buthathaka inkqubo yakho yomzimba. Ngenxa yemeko yakho yezempilo, oku kunokwenza umonakalo omkhulu kunokuba kube luncedo. Ke ngoko, i-splenectomy idla ngokwenziwa njengesisombululo sokugqibela. Ukuba wenza olu tyando, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba ufumane izitofu ezikhethekileyo zokukhusela kwiintsholongwane eziqhelekileyo. Kwezinye iimeko, unganikwa nee-antibiotics zokuthintela ukuba uzithathe yonke imihla emva kokuba i-spleen yakho isusiwe.

Ndingalindela ntoni kule meko?

I-Hypersplenism yimeko enokunyangwa. Nangona kunjalo, ikamva lakho lixhomekeke kwimeko onayo. Ezinye iimeko zezexeshana (umz., ezinye izifo), ezinye zihlala ixesha elide (umz., i-cirrhosis, ezinye izifo zokuzikhusela komzimba), kwaye ezinye ziyaqhubeka (umz., ezinye ii-cancer). Ukuba i-hypersplenism ibangela ukubala iiseli zegazi eziphantsi (umz., i-cytopenia), utofelo-gazi lunokunceda ukubuyisela inani leeseli zegazi lakho. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukusebenza ngokusondeleyo nogqirha wakho kwaye ulandele isicwangciso sakho sonyango ngononophelo.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe (Hypersplenism) kunye ne (Splenomegaly)?

Kunokubakho ukudideka okuncinci xa kuthethwa ngezi zimbini, ngoko masicacise loo nto.

• I-splenomegaly ithetha ukuba i-spleen yakho inkulu ngokungaqhelekanga .
• I-Hypersplenism iyenzeka xa i-spleen ekhulisiweyo isebenza kakhulu ize isuse iiseli zegazi ezininzi kakhulu.

Ngamafutshane, i-Hypersplenism sisiphumo esingesihle se-Splenomegaly. Izinto ezahlukeneyo zinokubangela ukuba i-spleen ikhule kwaye isebenze kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo,I-Hypersplenism ayisoloko isenzeka kuba i-spleen iyanda. Oko kukuthi, ayisiyo yonke i-spleen esebenza kakhulu eyanda, kodwa ayisiyo yonke i-spleen eyandayo esebenza kakhulu. Uyaqonda? Kufana nokuba ayinguye wonke umntu onemoto enkulu oqhuba ngokukhawuleza, kodwa umntu oqhuba ngokukhawuleza uhlala enokukhetha imoto enkulu nenamandla ngakumbi.

I-Hypersplenism ngokuyintloko luphawu lwenye imeko yezonyango. Kusenokuba kukho isifo kwi-spleen yakho, okanye sisenokuqala kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho. Ngenxa yokuba i-spleen yakho ibandakanyeka ekugcineni nasekuhluzeni igazi, izifo ezichaphazelayo zihlala zinxulumene negazi lakho okanye imithambo yegazi.

Ukunyanga i-hypersplenism kudla ngokubandakanya ukunyanga imeko engaphantsi. Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-spleen ngokwayo inokubuyiselwa ekusebenzeni okuqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba imeko yakho iyaqhubeka, unokufuna utofelo-gazi ukuze ubuyisele inani leeseli zakho zegazi, okanye ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni anyange i-spleen yakho ngokuthe ngqo.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto ekufuneka sizikhumbule kuzo zonke ezi zinto? (Umyalezo Wokubuyela Ekhaya)

Kulungile, sithethe kakhulu nge-hypersplenism. Nazi izinto ezimbalwa ezilula ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• I-Hypersplenism iyenzeka xa i-spleen yakho isebenza kakhulu kwaye isusa iiseli zegazi ezingaphezulu (iiseli ezibomvu, iiseli ezimhlophe, iiplatelets) kunokuba kuyimfuneko.
• Eyona nto ibangela oku kukuba i-spleen ekhulisiweyo (`(Splenomegaly)`) . I-spleen ekhulisiweyo inokubangelwa zizifo ezahlukeneyo ezisisiseko ezifana nesifo sesibindi, usulelo, kunye nomhlaza.
• Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezinje ngokudinwa rhoqo, ukugula lula, ukopha okuthabatha ixesha elide ukuyeka nokuba kukho inxeba elincinci, iintlungu kwinxalenye ephezulu yasekhohlo yesisu sakho, kunye nokuziva ugcwele emva kokutya ukutya okuncinci, kubalulekile ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.
• I-Hypersplenism inyangwa ngokunyanga imeko engaphantsi. Ngamanye amaxesha, utofelo-gazi, unyango lokunciphisa ubukhulu bepleen, okanye, njengesisombululo sokugqibela, ukususwa kwepleen kunokufuneka.
• Le yimeko enokunyangeka. Ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba ungoyiki kwaye ulandele imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo.

Khumbula, ukuba unale mpawu, kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha ngaphandle kokoyika. Banokwenza uvavanyo olufunekayo, bafumane ukuba yintoni kanye kanye ingxaki, baze bakunike unyango olufunekayo. Okukhona ufunyaniswa ukuba unesifo ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona unyango luya kuba lula kwaye iziphumo ziya kuba ngcono.