Xa ufumanisa ukuba ukhulelwe, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuziva usoyika kwaye unomdla kunye novuyo oluvayo. "Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ngoku?", "Ndingenza ntoni?", "Ingaba umntwana uphilile?", njl. Imibuzo emininzi isenokufika engqondweni. Inqanaba elibalulekileyo nelokuqala lolu hambo, apho utshintsho oluninzi lwenzeka khona, yi-trimester yokuqala, oko kukuthi, iinyanga ezintathu zokuqala. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngayo yonke into ngendlela elula kakhulu, ngendlela onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni ixesha lokukhulelwa?
Ngamafutshane, ukukhulelwa luhambo oluhle oluthatha malunga neenyanga ezili-9. Eli xesha lahlulwe laba ziinxalenye ezintathu eziphambili, okanye ii-trimesters. I-trimester enye ineeveki ezili-13 ubude, okanye malunga neenyanga ezintathu ubude. Ukukhulelwa konke kuthatha malunga neeveki ezingama-40. Xa ugqirha wakho ethetha nawe malunga nokukhula komntwana wakho, uza kuthetha ngako kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Ngoko ke, i-trimester yakho yokuqala lixesha ukuya kuthi ga kwiiveki ezili-13 zokukhulelwa.
Iqala njani kanye kanye i-trimester yokuqala?
Oku kusenokuvakala kungaqhelekanga, kodwa ukukhulelwa kwakho kuqala ngomhla wokuqala wexesha lakho lokugqibela. Oku kubizwa ngokuba lixesha lokukhulelwa ngokwezonyango. Ugqirha wakho uza kubala umhla wakho wokuzalwa ngokongeza iiveki ezingama-40 kusuku lokuqala lwexesha lakho lokugqibela.
Oko kuthetha ukuba, nokuba uthatha uvavanyo lwasekhaya uze ufumanise ukuba ukhulelwe, eneneni uneeveki ezi-4 kuphela! Kuyadida ekuqaleni, kodwa yindlela efanelekileyo yokwenza oko.
Masiqonde indlela yokubala iiveki.
- Iveki Yokuqala: Le yiveki yesiqhelo sexesha lakho lokuya exesheni.
- Iveki yesi-2: Kule veki, iqanda liyakhutshwa kwii-ovari zakho. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"ovulation".
- Iveki yesi-3: Njengoko iqanda lihamba ngetyhubhu ye-fallopian ukuya kwisibeleko, ukuchumisa kwenzeka ukuba lidibana nesidoda. Eli qanda lichumisiweyo liyahlukana libe yinqwaba yeeseli, lihambe liye esibelekweni, lize lizifake eludongeni lwesibeleko.
- Iveki yesi-4: Nje ukuba iqanda lingene esibelekweni, umzimba wakho uyaqaphela ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye uqala ukutshintsha iihomoni. Uninzi lwabantu luyayeka ukuya exesheni ngeli xesha. Kulapho uninzi lwabantu luthatha khona uvavanyo lokukhulelwa.
Umntwana ukhula njani kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala?
Nangona ungenakukubona ngaphandle, ummangaliso uyenzeka ngaphakathi emzimbeni wakho ngeli xesha. Ibhola encinci yeeseli iqala ukukhula ibe lusana olupheleleyo ngeli xesha.
| Ixesha | Uphuhliso lomntwana |
|---|---|
| Iveki e-1 ukuya kwezi-4 | Ngeli xesha, umntwana uselibhola elincinci leeseli. Kodwa i-amniotic sac, i-placenta, kunye ne-umbilical cord, equlethe ulwelo lwe-amniotic olufunwa ngumntwana, ziqala ukwakheka. Ityhubhu eza kwenza ingqondo kunye nomqolo, kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi nazo ziqala ukwakheka. Ubuso bomntwana buqala ukumila, bunezangqa ezijikeleze amehlo kunye nomlomo. Okwangoku, umntwana umncinci kunekhozo lerayisi. |
| Iiveki ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-8 | Amalungu aphambili omntwana, kuquka imiphunga, intliziyo, iindlebe, iingalo, nemilenze, aqala ukwakheka. Amathambo ayakhiwa. Intloko ibonakala inkulu kunomzimba wonke. Umlomo, impumlo, nobuso ngoku zibonakala ngokucacileyo. Abanye oogqirha baya kwenza iskeni ngeli xesha ukujonga ukuba kukho ukubetha kwentliziyo. Ekupheleni kweeveki ezi-8, umntwana ngoku ungumntwana ongekazalwa. Ulingana neraspberry ngobukhulu. |
| Iiveki ezi-9 ukuya kwezi-12 | Ekupheleni kwekota yokuqala, iminwe kunye nezinzipho zomntwana sele zenziwe ngokupheleleyo. Iintshukumo ezifana nokuvula nokuvala izandla nomlomo ziyaqala. Inkqubo yomchamo kunye nenkqubo yokugaya ukutya zisebenza ngokupheleleyo. Malunga neeveki ezili-12, ugqirha unokuva ukubetha kwentliziyo yomntwana nge-Doppler ultrasound. Okwangoku, amalungu esini omntwana sele enziwe, kodwa awabonakali ngokucacileyo kwi-scan. Umntwana ngoku ulingana neplamu ngobukhulu. |
Kutheni iinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zibaluleke kangaka?
Eli xesha libaluleke kakhulu. Kuba, phantse zonke izitho zomzimba zomntwana kunye neenkqubo zakheka kwezi nyanga zintathu zokuqala. Ke ngoko, ukuba umama uchanabeke kwizinto ezinobuthi, izinto eziyingozi, okanye usulelo ngeli xesha, oko kungonakalisa kakhulu ukukhula komntwana. Umngcipheko weengxaki ezithile zokuzalwa unokwanda. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuba ukhathalele impilo yakho ngeli xesha.
Utshintsho oluvayo emzimbeni wakho ngexesha le-trimester yokuqala
Ukukhulelwa ngakunye kwahlukile. Kwaye iimvakalelo zomfazi ngamnye zinokwahluka. Kodwa kukho iimpawu ezimbalwa abantu abaninzi abazifumanayo ngokufanayo. Isizathu esiphambili soku kukunyuka ngequbuliso kwamanqanaba eehomoni emzimbeni.
| Uphawu | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| Intlungu yebele kunye nokukhula kwayo | Iihormone zingenza amabele akho abe buhlungu kwaye abe buhlungu. Ungadinga ibra enkulu ngaphambi kokuphela kwekota yokuqala. Imithambo emabeleni akho isenokubonakala ngakumbi. Indawo ejikeleze iingono zakho (i-areola) nayo inokuba mnyama. |
| Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza (Ukugula kwasekuseni) | Olu luphawu oluqhelekileyo. Nangona lubizwa ngokuba yi "Morning Sickness", lunokubakho nangaliphi na ixesha emini, nokuba kusebusuku. Ukutya ukutya okuncinci nokutya ukutya okunamafutha amancinci kunokunceda. Abanye abantu bafumana isiqabu xa besitya/besela into enejinja. |
| Ukuhamba kweemvakalelo | Iimvakalelo zakho zinokunyuka zize zihle ngenxa yokwanda kweehomoni ngequbuliso. Usenokuba noloyiko, ixhala, ulonwabo, kunye nosizi kwimizuzu engama-30 efanayo. Ukuthetha ngale nto neqabane lakho okanye umhlobo othembekileyo kunokukunceda uzive ungcono. |
| Ukudinwa kunye nokulala | Ngenxa yokuba umzimba wakho usebenza nzima, ungaziva udiniwe kakhulu. Phumla ngokwaneleyo. Kubantu abaninzi, oku kudinwa kuyaphela baze baphinde bafumane amandla abo kwikota yesibini. |
| Ukudinga rhoqo ukuchama | Njengoko isibeleko sakho siqala ukukhula, sinokucinezela isinyi sakho, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ufune ukuchama rhoqo. |
| Utshintsho lwe-acne okanye ulusu | Iihormones zinokubangela ukwanda kwemveliso yeoyile eluswini, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba kubekho i-acne kwabanye abantu. |
Ukuhlolwa kwakho kokuqala ngugqirha (Utyelelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka)
Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha kwangoko nje wakufumanisa ukuba ukhulelwe. Oku kubizwa ngokuba lunyango lokukhulelwa. Ngexesha lokuhlolwa, yonke into oyidingayo wena nomntwana wakho iyakhathalelwa.
Kuvavanyo lwakho lokuqala, uza kubuzwa imibuzo emininzi, kuquka imbali yakho neyentsapho yakho kunye neenkcukacha malunga nokukhulelwa kwangaphambili. Oku kukuqinisekisa ukuba wena nomntwana wakho nisempilweni engcono kakhulu.
Ezi zinto zilandelayo zihlala zenzeka xa kujongwa okokuqala:
- Linganisa ubunzima bakho, ubude, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.
- Uvavanyo lwe-pelvic.
- Ukuba kuyimfuneko, yenza uvavanyo lwePap.
- Uvavanyo lwezifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo (ii-STI).
- Umchamo ujongwa ukuba awunayo na intsholongwane, iproteni kunye neswekile.
- Uvavanyo lwegazi lwamanqanaba eehomoni, uhlobo lwegazi (Rh factor), amanqanaba esinyithi, kunye nezinye izifo.
- Ukumamela ukubetha kwentliziyo yomntwana.
- Ngamanye amaxesha kwenziwa i-ultrasound engaphaya kwesini ukuqinisekisa ukukhulelwa kunye nokulinganisa ubungakanani bomntwana kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo.
Zeziphi izinto ekungafanele uzenze ngeli xesha?
Kuya kufuneka wenze utshintsho oluthile kwindlela ophila ngayo ukuze umntwana wakho akhuseleke kwaye akhule kakuhle. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuziphepha ngokupheleleyo ezi zinto zilandelayo.
| Izinto ekufuneka uziphephe | Isizathu |
|---|---|
| Utywala | Ingonakalisa kakhulu uphuhliso lwengqondo yomntwana kunye nokukhula kwakhe ngokomzimba. |
| Iicuba kunye necuba | Iyanciphisa ubuninzi beoksijini efunyanwa ngumntwana, nto leyo enokubangela ukuba azalwe ngaphambi kwexesha kwaye azalwe enobunzima obuphantsi. |
| Iziyobisi zokuzonwabisa | Ezi ziyingozi kakhulu ekukhuleni komntwana. |
| Ukutya okuluhlaza okanye okungaphekwanga kakuhle | Izinto ezifana nentlanzi eluhlaza (i-sushi), inyama engaphekwanga kakuhle, amaqanda aluhlaza, ubisi olungagayiwanga kunye netshizi zinokuba neentsholongwane eziyingozi. |
| Eminye imidlalo kunye nemisebenzi | Ziphephe imidlalo ebeka uxinzelelo esiswini kwaye inokubangela ukuwa (umz. ibhola ekhatywayo). |
| Iibhafu ezishushu kunye neesauna | Ubushushu bomzimba obuphezulu kakhulu abulungelanga umntwana. |
Izinto onokuzenza kwimpilo yakho neyomntwana wakho
- Thatha i-vitamin yokukhulelwa: Ukutya i-vitamin equlethe i-folic acid kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphuhliseni inkqubo yemithambo-luvo yomntwana wakho. Thetha nogqirha wakho malunga nohlobo lwe-vitamin olulungele wena.
- Yitya ukutya okunempilo: Yitya ukutya okunesondlo okufana neziqhamo, imifuno, iinkozo, inyama, intlanzi kunye namaqanda.
- Sela amanzi amaninzi: Ukusela amanzi aneleyo imini yonke kulungile kuwe nakumntwana wakho.
- Phumla ngokwaneleyo: Umzimba wakho udlula kwiinguqu ezininzi, ngoko ke phumla xa uziva udiniwe.
- Hlala usebenza kangangoko unako: Thetha nogqirha wakho kwaye wenze umthambo olula ofanelekileyo kuwe. Nokuba yinto elula njengokuhamba ilungile.
- Yiya kuvavanyo ngalunye olunikwa ngugqirha wakho: Ungaphoswa ziintlanganiso zeklinikhi. Ungoyiki ukubuza imibuzo ukuba unayo.
Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?
Ukuba uneempawu ezilandelayo,Fowunela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko okanye uye kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) elikufutshane nawe.
- Umkhuhlane ongaphezulu kwe-100.4 Fahrenheit (38 Celsius).
- Ukopha kakhulu okanye ukukhupha ulwelo olungaqhelekanga kwilungu lobufazi.
- Intlungu okanye ukuqaqamba okukhulu esiswini, ezingalweni, okanye emilenzeni .
- Ukuba nokuhlanza okanye urhudo olungapheliyo .
- Ukuziva utyhafile okanye unesizungu .
- Ukudumba kwezandla, iminwe, okanye ubuso.
- Ukubona okufipheleyo okanye ukubona amabala phambi kwamehlo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Iinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zokukhulelwa, okanye i-trimester yokuqala, lixesha elibaluleke kakhulu nelibalulekileyo kuba amalungu aphambili omntwana ayakhiwa.
- Iimpawu ezifana nokucaphuka, ukudinwa, kunye nokuthamba kwamabele ziqhelekile ngeli xesha. Ezi zibangelwa kukutshintsha kwamahomoni emzimbeni.
- Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha nokuya kunyango lokukhulelwa kwangoko nje wakufumanisa ukuba ukhulelwe.
- Ziphephe ngokupheleleyo utywala, ukutshaya, nokutya okungenampilo. Thatha iivithamini ezicetyiswe ngugqirha wakho.
- Funa uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba kuvela iimpawu ezilumkisayo, ezinjengokopha kakhulu, iintlungu eziqatha, okanye umkhuhlane ophezulu.
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