Ngaba izihlunu ezingalweni nasentanyeni yakho ziyashukuma ngokungalawulekiyo? Masithethe ngeFocal Dystonia!

Ngaba wakha waziva ukuba xa uqala ukubhala into ethile, iminwe yakho iqala ukushukuma okanye ukungcangcazela ngequbuliso? Okanye xa udlala isixhobo esifana negitare, ngaba uziva ngathi iminwe yakho iyashukuma okanye ingcangcazela ngequbuliso ngaphandle kokulawula? Mhlawumbi intamo yakho ijika ngequbuliso iye kwicala elinye, okanye ilizwi lakho liyatshintsha okanye lingcangcazele xa uthetha? Ezi ayizozinto nje ezingaqhelekanga. Ezi zinto zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo esibizwa ngokuba yiFocal Dystonia . Nangona igama lisenokuvakala lisoyikisa kancinci, namhlanje siza kuthetha ngale nto ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni iFocal Dystonia?

Ngamafutshane, i-focal dystonia yimeko ye-neurological. Kule meko, izihlunu ezikwinxalenye ethile yomzimba wakho ziqala ukufinyela ngokuzenzekelayo, ngaphandle kolawulo lwakho. Ngamanye amazwi, izihlunu ziqala ukufinyela ngaphandle kokuba wena ufune. Igama elithi "focal" lithetha "indawo ethile." Oku kuthetha ukuba le meko ilinganiselwe kwindawo enye, endaweni yokuchaphazela umzimba wonke.

Oku kunokuchaphazela izihlunu entanyeni yakho (cervical dystonia okanye spasmodic torticollis), amehlo akho (blepharospasm), umhlathi wakho (oromandibular dystonia), okanye ii-vocal cords zakho (laryngeal dystonia okanye spasmodic dysphonia). I-focal dystonia inokuchaphazela neendawo zesandla sakho, njengesandla sakho, intende yesandla, kunye neminwe.

I-Dystonia ligama eliqhelekileyo leemeko zemithambo-luvo ezibangela ukushwabana kwemisipha okungalawulekiyo. I-Focal dystonia lolunye uhlobo lwe-dystonia.

Yintoni i-Task-specific Focal Dystonia?

Oku kukwacacile kakhulu. Kwabanye abantu, le meko yeFocal Dystonia yenzeka kuphela xa besenza umsebenzi othile . Oko kukuthi, baphilile ngamanye amaxesha, kodwa kuphela xa beqala ukwenza loo msebenzi apho baqala ukuxhuzula baze balahlekelwe kukulawula. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiTask-specific Focal Dystonia .

Cinga ngemizekelo efana nale:

• Intlungu yombhali: Mhlawumbi ukhe weva ngale nto. Xa uqhubeka nokubhala, okanye xa ubhala iimviwo, izihlunu ezisezandleni zakho nakwiminwe yakho ziyaqina ngequbuliso, nto leyo eyenza kube nzima ukubhala. Abanye abantu abakwazi nokubamba ipeni kakuhle.
• I-dystonia yomculi: Oku kunokuchaphazela abantu abadlala izixhobo zomculo ezifana negitare, i-violin, kunye nepiyano. Izihlunu ezisezandleni naseminweni ziyaqina ngequbuliso, zishukume, zize zingakwazi ukudlala amanqaku. Abantu abadlala izixhobo zomculo zebrass okanye zomoya womthi banokuba neengxaki ngezihlunu zemilebe, umhlathi, okanye ulwimi (embouchure dystonia).
• Iimeko ezenzeka kubadlali ("ii-yips"): Siza kuthetha ngale nto kancinci.

I-focal dystonia ejolise kwimisebenzi ethile idla ngokubonakala kubantu abasebenza kwimisebenzi okanye kwiindawo zokuzonwabisa ezifuna izakhono ezininzi zomzimba. Umzekelo, abadlali be-tennis, abalungisi beenwele, kunye nabapeyinti.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kweFocal Dystonia kunye neCarpal Tunnel Syndrome?

Ngamanye amaxesha, iimpawu zezi meko zimbini zinokufana kancinci, nto leyo enokubangela ukudideka. Nangona kunjalo, izizathu zezi meko zimbini zahlukile ngokupheleleyo.

I-focal dystonia ibangelwa yingxaki yonxibelelwano phakathi kwengqondo yakho kunye nemithambo-luvo . Oko kukuthi, kukho ingxaki ngemiqondiso ehamba isuka engqondweni iye kwimisipha.

Nangona kunjalo, iCarpal Tunnel Syndrome yimeko eyenzeka xa umthambo (umthambo ophakathi) odlula esihlahleni ucinezelwa. Oku kudla ngokubangelwa kukuhamba kwezandla ngokuphindaphindiweyo (ukusetyenziswa kakhulu) okanye ezinye iingxaki zomthambo.

Ngoko ke, nangona iimpawu zifana, unobangela wahlukile, ngoko ke unyango lwahlukile. Yiyo loo nto kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana uxilongo oluchanekileyo.

Zithini "ii-yips"?

"I-yips" ligama elinikwe imeko ebesithethe ngayo ngaphambili, i-Task-specific Focal Dystonia, echaphazela abadlali, ingakumbi abo badlala imidlalo efuna ukusetyenziswa kakhulu kwesandla okanye isandla . Khawuthelekelele ukuba xa umdlali wekhilikithi eza kuphosa ibhola okanye ebetha ibhola, okanye xa umdlali wegalufa eza kubetha ibhola, ngequbuliso ulahlekelwa lulawulo lwesandla sakhe, axhuzule, aze angakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi ngokufanelekileyo. Yiloo nto siyibiza ngokuba yi "yips." Oku kuqhelekile kubadlali begalufa kunye nebaseball.

Ngubani onokuba nethuba elikhulu lokufumana i-Focal Dystonia?

Nangona le meko inokuvela nakubani na, ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 ukuya kwengama-60. Izifundo zikwafumanise ukuba abafazi banamathuba aphindwe kathathu okufumana i-focal dystonia kunamadoda.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

I-Dystonia sisifo esixhaphakileyo sokushukuma, kodwa esi sifo, esibizwa ngokuba yi-focal dystonia, asiqhelekanga. Umzekelo, eMelika, sichaphazela abantu abamalunga nesithathu kwishumi lamawaka.

Yintoni ebangela i-focal dystonia?

Enyanisweni, oogqirha abakakwazi ukucacisa unobangela ochanekileyo we-focal dystonia. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-"idiopathic." Oko kuthetha ukuba unobangela ochanekileyo awaziwa.

Kodwa, siyazi ukuba le meko iyenzekaKungenxa yokuba ingqondo yakho kunye nemithambo-luvo yakho azinxibelelani kakuhle. Indawo enzulu engqondweni ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Basal Ganglia" inceda ukulawula intshukumo yezihlunu. Kukholelwa ukuba kukho utshintsho oluthile ekusebenzeni kwale ndawo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ezi mpawu ze-focal dystonia zinokuvela ngotshintsho kwimikhwa yomntu, njengomdlali wezemidlalo, umbhali, okanye umculi. Umzekelo:

• Ukutshintsha indlela yakho yokusebenza emva kokwenzakala kwemithambo-luvo.
• Ukufunda isixhobo esitsha somdlalo okanye somculo.
• Ukuzibandakanya kuqeqesho oluninzi, imiboniso, okanye imincintiswano ngaphezu kwesiqhelo.

Nangona abaphandi bengekayingqinisisi ngokuqinisekileyo ikhonkco lemfuza, bafumanise ukuba malunga nomntu omnye kwabalishumi abafumana i-focal dystonia banembali yosapho yale meko.

Yintoni ebangela "ii-yips"?

Abanye abantu bacinga ukuba abadlali begalufa bafumana "ii-yips" ngenxa yokuxhalaba ekusebenzeni. Oko kukuthi, uxinzelelo kunye noloyiko lokhuphiswano. Oko kusenokuba sesinye sezizathu. Nangona kunjalo, "ii-yips" zinokubangelwa kuhlobo olungafanelekanga okanye ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo.

Kwakhona, abantu abaneengxaki ezithile zempilo banamathuba amaninzi okuba namava "okuphazamiseka kwengqondo":

• Umvakalelo yokitazo
• Isifo sokugubhuka

Zithini iimpawu?

Iimpawu ze-focal dystonia zingahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwinxalenye yomzimba echaphazelekileyo. Ngokwesiqhelo, uphawu lokuqala lunokuba kukulahlekelwa kancinci kokulungelelaniswa kwemisipha. Umzekelo, ukuba izandla zakho zichaphazelekile, unokuwisa izinto rhoqo. Ukuba umlomo wakho uchaphazelekile, unokufumana ukuvuza kwamanzi xa usitya okanye usela.

Ngokuhamba kwexesha, i-focal dystonia inokukhokelela kwiimpawu ezinzulu zemisipha:

• Ukuxhuzula okanye ukuqaqamba kwemisipha.
• Intlungu yemisipha.
• Ukuxhuzula okanye ukuxhuzula kwemisipha (Twitches - myoclonus).
• Ukuma okungaqhelekanga kwenxalenye yomzimba echaphazelekayo. Umzekelo, intamo isenokutyekela kwelinye icala.

Ukongeza kwezi mpawu ziphambili, abantu abane-focal dystonia banokufumana iimpawu zesibini . Ezi zibangelwa luxinzelelo lwengqondo nolomzimba olubangelwa yile meko. Ezi azinanto yakwenza ngqo nezihlunu. Ezi mpawu ziquka:

• Umbono ofipheleyo.
• Uxinzelelo.
• Ubunzima bokulala.
• Ukudinwa kakhulu.
• Utshintsho olukhawulezileyo kwimood (ukutshintsha kwemood).
• Umsindo omfutshane.
• Ingxaki yokugxila.

Iimpawu ze-focal dystonia zinokuba mandundu ngokuhamba kwexesha, emva koko zihlale zizinzile kwinqanaba elithile zize ziphinde zibuye. Nangona kunjalo, kwabanye abantu, imeko ingayeka ukuba mandundu ngokupheleleyo.

Uyixilonga njani le nto?

Ukuze afumanise i-focal dystonia, ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza ngeempawu zakho, imbali yakho yezonyango, aze ahlole inxalenye yomzimba echaphazelekayo.

Xa esenza uxilongo, ugqirha wakho uya kuzama ukuthintela ezinye iimeko ezibangela iimpawu ezifanayo (ezifana nokwenzakala ngokugqithisileyo). Usenokuba novavanyo olufana nolu:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi: Jonga ukuba kukho usulelo okanye ezinye iimeko zempilo.
• I-CT scan okanye i-MRI scan: Ukujonga iithumba okanye ezinye izihluma ezingaqhelekanga engqondweni okanye kufutshane nenxalenye yomzimba echaphazelekayo.
• I-Electromyogram (EMG): Ivavanya indlela izihlunu zakho ezisebenza ngayo imiqondiso yombane. Oku kunokukunika umbono wendlela imithambo-luvo kunye nezihlunu zakho ezisebenza ngayo.

Iphathwa njani?

Ngelishwa, akukho nyango lwe-focal dystonia. Nangona kunjalo, unyango olufumanekayo lunokunceda ukunciphisa ukuqaqamba kwemisipha kunye nokuthintela imeko ukuba ingabi mandundu. Unyango lwe-focal dystonia lungabandakanya:

• Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila: Ngamanye amaxesha, ukutshintsha indlela oziva ngayo ngexesha lomsebenzi wakho kunokunceda ingqondo yakho isebenze iintshukumo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka kakhulu. Umzekelo, umdlali wevayolini unokuziva ukuxhuzula kwemisipha kancinci ukuba unxibe iiglavu. Umbhali unokufumana iimpawu ezimbalwa ukuba utshintsha indlela abamba ngayo ipeni yakhe. Ungenza nolunye uhlobo lokulula okanye umthambo ukulawula ukungakhululeki.
• Amayeza:
• Ii-Anticholinergics , ezifana neTrihexyphenidyl (Artane®), zinceda ukuthintela imiqondiso yemithambo-luvo ebangela ukuqaqamba kwemisipha.
• Ii-Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitors , ezifana neTetrabenazine (Xenazine®), zisetyenziselwa ukutshintsha iikhemikhali zobuchopho ezichaphazela imithambo-luvo kunye nemisipha yakho.
• Kwezinye iimeko, iyeza `(Carbidopa/Levodopa (Sinemet))` linokuphelisa iimpawu.
• Iziphumzi zemisipha, umzekelo, iBaclofen okanye i-benzodiazepines (iClonazepam), nazo zingasetyenziswa.
• Iinaliti: Ityhefu yeBotulinum (Botox®)Ukujova lunyango oluqhelekileyo lwe-dystonia. Usenokuba ukhe weva ukuba zisetyenziselwa iinjongo zobuhle, kodwa zikwasebenza kakhulu kwiingxaki zemisipha. Oogqirha bajova ngqo kwimisipha echaphazelekayo. Ukujova kuthintela okwethutyana imiqondiso evela ebuchotsheni ebangela ukuba imisipha ishukume. Uninzi lwabantu kufuneka bajove malunga neenyanga ezintathu.
• Utyando: Kunqabile kakhulu, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando.
• Ukukhuthazwa koBuchopho obuNzulu (i-DBS): Oku kuquka ukubeka ii-electrode kwiindawo ezithile engqondweni. Ezi zixhobo zincinci zilawula imiqondiso ebangela ukuba izihlunu zinciphe.
• Utyando lokususa imisipha olukhethiweyo: Kule nto, imithambo-luvo ebangela ukuxhuzula kwemisipha iyasuswa okanye isuswe.

Ukuthintela njani oku?

Njengoko besikhe sathetha ngaphambili, akukho sizathu saziwayo se-focal dystonia, ngoko ke akukho ndlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba inokuthintelwa. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezithile ezinokwenza i-focal dystonia ibe mandundu. Ngoko ke, ukwazi ezi zinto kunokunceda:

• Kuphephe ukuphindaphinda okanye ukuthetha ngokuphindaphindiweyo (kuxhomekeke kwindawo echaphazelekayo).
• Ukulawula uxinzelelo ngeendlela ezisempilweni.
• Nciphisa ukudinwa ngokulala ngendlela enempilo, ukuzilolonga, kunye nokutya okunesondlo.

Iyintoni imbono?

I-Focal Dystonia ngamanye amaxesha inokusasazeka ize ichaphazele amanye amalungu omzimba wakho. Kufunyenwe ukuba malunga nomntu omnye kwabathandathu abanale meko, i-Focal Dystonia isasazeka nakwezinye iindawo.

Nangona kunjalo, iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba unyango lunokunciphisa ukuba iimpawu ze-focal dystonia zidla ngokuba nzima kangakanani kwaye zinzima kangakanani. Ukuba iimpawu zakho aziphucuki emva konyango, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho. Unyango lwakho lunokufuna ukutshintshwa.

Yintoni enye endifanele ndiyibuze kugqirha?

Xa usiya kugqirha, kungcono ukubuza le mibuzo:

• Yintoni enokubangela iimpawu zam?
• Zeziphi iimvavanyo ekufuneka ndizithathe ukuze ndifumanise i-Focal Dystonia?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukulawula ezi mpawu zeFocal Dystonia?
• Ziziphi iindlela zonyango endinazo?
• Yintoni enokwenzeka ukuba andiyinyangi i-Focal Dystonia?

Okokugqibela, izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzikhumbule

I-focal dystonia yimeko yemithambo-luvo ebangela ukushwabana kwemisipha okungalawulekiyo kwenye inxalenye yomzimba. I-focal dystonia, echaphazela isandla, isandla, okanye iminwe, ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abasebenzisa izakhono zomzimba rhoqo (umz., abaculi, abadlali bezemidlalo, abalungisi beenwele, ababhali).

Nangona iimpawu zayo zinokufana neengxaki ze-neurological, i-focal dystonia ibangelwa yingxaki yonxibelelwano phakathi kwemithambo-luvo yakho, izihlunu kunye nengqondo.

Nangona kungekho nyango lwale meko, iimpawu zinokulawulwa kakuhle ngokutshintsha indlela yokuphila, amayeza, inaliti, okanye utyando. Ke ngoko, ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, ungathandabuzi ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha. Ukufunyaniswa kwangoko kunye nonyango kusoloko kukhokelela kwiziphumo ezingcono.

I- focal dystonia, ukuxhuzula kwemisipha, i-neuropathy, ukuqaqamba kwesandla sombhali, i-dystonia yomculi, ii-yips, unyango lweBotox