Ingaba iintshukumo zamehlo akho ziyatshintsha? Oku kungaba yingxaki kwimithambo-luvo yesine! (Isifo Sokuqaqamba Kwemisipha Yesine / Isifo Sokuqaqamba Kwemisipha YeTrochlear)

Ngaba wakha waziva ngathi iliso elinye liphezulu kancinci kunelinye? Okanye uziva ngathi ubona izinto macala omabini, ingakumbi xa ujonge phantsi, ufunda incwadi, okanye uhla izinyuko? Ukuba oku kuye kwenzeka kuwe, kusenokuba yingxaki kwimithambo-luvo yakho yesine yentloko. Makhe sithethe ngayo ngokufutshane.

Yintoni le yesine ye-nerve palsy? (I-Fourth Nerve Palsy okanye i-Trochlear Nerve Palsy)

Ngamafutshane, iFourth Nerve Palsy (okanye iTrochlear Nerve Palsy) yimeko apho kukho isiphene kwi-fourth nerve engqondweni yethu (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-trochlear nerve) ebangela iingxaki ngokunyuka nokuhla kwamehlo kunye nokubona. Idla ngokuchaphazela iliso elinye kuphela (elicala elinye) , kodwa ngamanye amaxesha inokuchaphazela omabini amehlo (amacala amabini).

Cinga ngayo njengekhamera. Kukho izihlunu ezincinci ezisinceda sishukumise le khamera phezulu, ezantsi, namacala. Xa le mithambo-luvo yesine isebenza kakuhle, isihlunu esikhethekileyo ngaphakathi kweliso ('isihlunu esiqinileyo esingaphezulu') esilawulayo sisinceda sijonge ezantsi . Kwakhona, le mithambo-luvo kunye nezihlunu zisinceda sishukumise amehlo ethu kufutshane nempumlo kwaye kude nempumlo. Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho ingxaki ngale mithambo-luvo, kulapho kuvela khona ezi ngxaki zokubona kunye nokuhamba kwamehlo.

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Enyanisweni, le ngxaki yesine yemithambo-luvo ayiqhelekanga kangako . Ngokwezibalo, kwilizwe elifana neMelika, le meko ikhula kubantu abamalunga naba-5 kubantu abayi-100,000 ngonyaka. Oko kuthetha ukuba malunga ne-17,100 yezigulana ezintsha ngonyaka. Kusenokuba kukho abantu abanale meko eSri Lanka, kodwa kunzima ukufumana izibalo ezichanekileyo.

Zithini iimpawu zoku?

Kulungile, ngoku makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi iimpawu ezenzekayo ukuba kukho ingxaki kule nerve yesine.

• Ukubona izinto ezimbini, ingakumbi phezulu okanye ezantsi (`vertical diplopia`): Olu luphawu oluphambili. Kufana nokubona umfanekiso omnye phezu komnye. Abanye abantu basoloko benalo olu hlobo, ngelixa abanye benalo kuphela xa bejonge kwicala elithile.
• Umbono ojijekileyo okanye ojijekileyo (`torsional diplopia`): Kusenokuvakala ngathi ihlabathi lijijekile kancinci. Izinto ezifana neendonga neengcango zinokubonakala zijijekile kancinci endaweni yokuba zithe tye.
• Iingxaki zokubona xa ujonge ezantsi: Oku kuchaphazela abantu abaninzi. Umzekelo:
• Xa ufunda incwadi, ungabona oonobumba ababini okanye abathathu ngexesha, okanye udideke.
• Xa ndisihla ezitebhisini , andikwazi ukubona izitebhisi kakuhle kwaye ndiziva ngathi ndilahlekelwa yibhalansi yam.
• Xa usitya, usenokungakwazi ukubona kakuhle ukuba yintoni esitya sakho.
• Ukujika intloko yakho iye kwelinye icala ukuze uphephe intshukumo yamehlo okanye iingxaki zokubona:Oku kudla ngokwenzeka ungaqondanga. Xa uzama ukujolisa amehlo akho kwindawo enye, umbono wakho uyacaca xa ujolisa intloko yakho ecaleni, kwaye umzimba wakho uyaqhela. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba unesiqhelo sokujolisa intloko yakho ukususela ebuntwaneni, oko kungaba sisizathu soku.
• I-Strabismus (amehlo anqamlezileyo): Kulapho amehlo engajongi kwicala elinye. I-Strabismus inokuzibonakalisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo xa umthambo wesine we-cranial ungasebenzi kakuhle:
• `I-Hypertropia`: Elinye iliso lijonge phezulu. Kumntu ojongayo, elinye iliso libonakala liphezulu kunelinye.
• `Esotropia`: Iliso elinye okanye omabini ajongiswe ngaphakathi (empumlweni). Sithi "amehlo anqamlezileyo".

Kubalulekile: Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unezinye zezi mpawu, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha ukuze akunike ingcebiso. Ezi asizozinto onokuzityeshela nje.

Kutheni le nto kukho ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo-luvo yesine?

Oku kungasebenzi kakuhle kunokubangelwa yimeko okanye isiganeko esinokonakalisa umthambo wesine. Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha abakwazi ukufumana unobangela othile. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-"idiopathic fourth nerve palsy".

Izizathu zokuzalwa (`Congenital Fourth Nerve Palsy`)

Rhoqo, unobangela oyintloko wokungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo-luvo yesine yimeko yokuzalwa . Kodwa abaphandi abakafumani sizathu sokuba kwenzeke oku. Oogqirha bakwabiza oku ngokuthi 'yi-congenital superior oblique palsy.' Le 'superior oblique' ibhekisa kwimisipha elawulwa yi-fourth nerve ekhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla.

Abantu abaninzi abanale meko bazalwa bene-fournev engekhoyo (i-'trochlear nerve'), okanye i-'superior oblique' muscle elawulwa yi-lornev ebuthathaka ('atrophied'). Abanye bane-fournev esempilweni, kodwa i-tendon yaloo msipha ayisebenzi kakuhle.

Nangona le meko ikhona ukususela ekuzalweni, ngamanye amaxesha usana lusenokungabonakalisi zimpawu, okanye lusenokuba neempawu ezingabonakaliyo . Ezi mpawu ziya zibonakala kancinci kancinci njengoko lukhula. Ke ngoko, abantu abaninzi abanale meko ukususela ekuzalweni bafunyanwa besebancinci okanye besebancinci.

Ngenxa yokwenzakala entloko

Ngenxa yokuba imithambo-luvo yethu yesine ihamba umgama omde ngaphakathi entloko, inokwenzeka ukuba yonakaliswe kukwenzakala entloko . Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo-luvo yesine kudla ngokubangelwa ziingozi zeemoto kunye nemidlalo efana nebhokisi. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, xa intloko ishukuma ngequbuliso kwaye ima (intshukumo ye-'whiplash'), imithambo-luvo inokonakala. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha nokwenzakala okubonakala kuncinci entloko kunokonakalisa imithambo-luvo ye-'trochlear'.

Ngaba zikho ezinye izizathu?

Ewe, kukho ezinye iimeko zempilo ezinokwenzakalisa kwaye zibangele ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-fourth nerve. Ezi zizathu azixhaphakanga kangako, kodwa kubalulekile ukuba uzazi:

• Izifo zemithambo yegazi: Ukonakala kwemithambo yegazi, ingakumbi ngenxa yeemeko ezifana nesifo seswekile .
• Uxinzelelo oluvela kwithumba elijikelezileyo: Umzekelo, ezinye iintlobo zeethumba ezakheka engqondweni (ezifana ne-meningioma).
• Uxinzelelo olunyukileyo ngaphakathi kwekhakayi (`Uxinzelelo olunyukileyo lwangaphakathi kwentloko`).
• `Isifo seLyme`: Isifo esidluliselwa ziincukuthu.
• Isifo sikaGuillain-Barré: Imeko echaphazela inkqubo yemithambo-luvo.
• Ii-shingles (herpes zoster) zenzeka emva kwe-chickenpox.
• Ukwenzakala ngengozi ngexesha lotyando lobuchopho.

Uyibona njani le nto?

Oogqirha badla ngokuxilonga oku kungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo-luvo yesine ngokujonga iimpawu zakho nokwenza uvavanyo olulula, olufana nokujonga umbono wakho kunye neentshukumo zamehlo.

Mhlawumbi kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wamehlo (ophthalmologist) okanye ingcali yemithambo-luvo ukuze aqinisekise oku ngokuqinisekileyo. Ugqirha uza kukubuza ukuba zeziphi iingxaki zokubona onazo, kwaye nokuba ziya zisiba ngcono okanye zimbi xa ujonge kwicala elithile. Baza kukwenza ujonge izinto ezahlukeneyo baze bakucele ukuba uchaze indlela ezibonakala ngayo kuwe.

Ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyavela emva kokwenzakala entloko, ugqirha wakho uya kucebisa into efana ne -brain MRI scan .

Zithini iindlela zonyango?

Unyango olufanelekileyo kuwe luya kuxhomekeka kwisizathu sokungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo-luvo yakho yesine. Ukuba ibangelwe kukwenzakala okanye umonakalo, imeko iya kuhlala iphucuka ngokwayo kwiinyanga ezintandathu njengoko imithambo-luvo iphola .

De kube yilapho imithambo-luvo yesine ipholile, kunokufuneka unxibe iiglasi zeprism ukulungisa umbono ophindwe kabini. Ukuba ezi azincedi, ukufaka i-eye patch phezu kweliso elichaphazelekayo nako kunokunceda.

Ukuba iimpawu zakho aziphucuki emva kweenyanga ezintandathu, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa utyando . Oku kudla ngokubandakanya ukutshintsha umsipha obuthathaka we-superior oblique ngesinye isihlunu samehlo esisebenza ngakumbi. Oku kunokunceda ukulungisa iingxaki zokuhamba kwamehlo.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela zonke ezi ndlela zonyango kunye neenkcukacha zakho njengoko zihambelana nemeko yakho.

Kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuze umntu alulame? / Lithini ikamva?

Uninzi lweemeko zokungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo-luvo yesine ziphela ngokuzenzekelayo ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngesiqhelo kwisithuba seenyanga ezintandathu . Nokuba kufuneka utyando, izinga lempumelelo lihlala lilungile.

Nangona kunjalo, ugqirha wakho angakunika umbono ongcono wento onokuyilindela, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho ethile.

Ngaba oku kungathintelwa?

Ezinye izizathu zokungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo-luvo yesine, ezifana nezo zizalwa nazo, azinakuthintelwa. Nangona kunjalo, singathabatha amanyathelo okunciphisa umngcipheko wokonakala kwemithambo-luvo yesine ngokuphepha ukwenzakala entloko. Ezi ziquka:

• Sebenzisa ibhanti yokhuseleko rhoqo xa ukhwela imoto kwaye usebenzise isihlalo semoto esikhuselekileyo kumntwana wakho.
• Ukunxiba isigcina-ntloko xa ukhwela ibhayisekile okanye ibhayisekile, okanye udlala imidlalo ebandakanya ukungqubana.
• Ukuba unomntwana omncinci okanye umntwana omncinci ekhayeni lakho, kubalulekile ukuba 'akhuseleke' ebantwaneni . Oku kuthetha ukunciphisa iindawo apho banokuwa okanye babetheke khona entloko ngendlela eyingozi.
• Ukudala indawo yokuhlala ekhuselekileyo kubantu obathandayo abaneengxaki zokulinganisela okanye abasengozini enkulu yokuwa .

Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha?

Kubalulekile ukuqhubeka notyelelo logqirha wakho olulandelayo. Oku kwenzelwa ukuba bakwazi ukujonga imeko yakho baze benze utshintsho kunyango lwakho ukuba kuyimfuneko. Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwemithambo-luvo yesine akuyongxaki ingxamisekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, yimeko efuna ukuxilongwa nonyango olufanelekileyo.

Sihlala singacingi kakhulu ngembono yethu de kubekho into engalunganga. Xa into efana nale isenzeka, ubomi bunokuba yingxubakaxaka kancinci. Kodwa iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba idla ngokunyangwa kwaye yeyokwexeshana . Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuze ufumane uxilongo kunye nonyango. Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa izixhobo zokunceda ukubona eziya kukunceda ubone izinto ngokucacileyo de kube yilapho imithambo yakho yesine iphola, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, unikeze unyango olongezelelweyo.

Ngoko ke, nazi izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka sizikhumbule:

Kulungile, nazi iingongoma eziphambili ekufuneka siziqwalasele kwizinto esizithethileyo:

• I-Fourth Nerve Palsy yingxaki yemithambo-luvo ekuncedayo ukuba ujonge phantsi.
• Iimpawu eziphambili kukubona izinto ngababini (ingakumbi xa ujonge ezantsi) , ukubona okufipheleyo, nokujika intloko ukuze ulungise umbono.
• Izizathu zoku zingabangelwa kukuzalwa, okanye zingabangelwa zizinto ezifana nokwenzakala entloko .
• Ukuba uneempawu, qiniseka ukuba ubonana nogqirha. Musa ukulinda nje.
• Le meko idla ngokuba ngcono ngokuhamba kwexesha , okanye unyango lunokuvelisa iziphumo ezilungileyo.
• Ezinye izizathu zale meko zinokuphetshwa ngokuthintela ukwenzakala entloko.

Ngoko ke, ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unezi mpawu, musa ukoyika kwaye ufune ingcebiso kagqirha. Okukhona uyibona ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona ungaphola ngokukhawuleza.

I- Fourth Nerve Palsy, i-Trochlear Nerve Palsy, ukubona kabini, i-diplopia, i-strabismus, intshukumo yamehlo, i-cranial nerve, i-congenital palsy