Khawuthelekelele ukuba wenze ingozi enkulu okanye wopha kakhulu emva kotyando. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukunika igazi njengesiqhelo akwanelanga. Ingakumbi ukuba igazi lakho alijiki kakuhle, ugqirha wakho unokugqiba ekubeni akunike unyango olukhethekileyo olubizwa ngokuba yi-FFP. Usenokoyika kancinci xa usiva igama. Kodwa ungakhathazeki. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngokuba yintoni i-FFP, kutheni inikwa, kunye nayo yonke into ekufuneka uyazi ngayo ngendlela elula kakhulu.
Yintoni i-FFP (iPlasma eFresh Frozen)?
Ngamafutshane, i-FFP yinxalenye yolwelo olumthubi eseleyo emva kokususa izinto zeseli ezifana neeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeseli ezimhlophe zegazi egazini lomntu elinikelweyo. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-plasma .
Le plasma igcina umthamo wegazi lethu. Ikwanazo neeproteni ezikhethekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba yi "clotting factors" ezinceda ekumiseni ukopha xa senzakele.
Ngoko ke, ukuba umntu akakwazi ukwenza enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zinto zokugalela igazi aze ophe kakhulu, i-FFP inikwa ukubuyisela umthamo wegazi olahlekileyo kunye nokubuyisela izinto zokugalela igazi eziphelileyo.
Oku kubizwa ngokuba yiPlasma ethi "Fresh Frozen" kuba emva kokuba iplasma yahlulwe kwigazi elinikelwayo, iyaqandiswa nzulu kwiiyure ezisi-8 kubushushu obuyi--18 degrees Celsius okanye ngaphantsi ukuze kulondolozwe izinto ezibalulekileyo eziqulethwe yiplasma.
Ngaba kukho amanye amagama alo mba?
Ewe, oogqirha banokusebenzisa amanye amagama xa bethetha ngolu nyango. Loo magama abhekisa kwindlela esetyenzisiweyo yokulugcina. Umzekelo, kukho amagama afana ne-PF24, PF24RT24.
Ungakhathazeki kakhulu ngala magama kunye neenkcukacha zobugcisa. Ugqirha wakho uza kukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lweplasma oluhambelana nesimo sakho kwaye luqulethe izinto ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi ozidingayo.
Ngubani ofuna unyango lwe-FFP?
I-FFP ayilonyango lomntu wonke opha igazi. Idla ngokusetyenziswa kwiimeko ezithile apho ezinye iindlela zonyango zingasebenzi. Nazi ezinye zeemeko eziphambili apho i-FFP inokufuneka khona:
- Ukusilela kwizinto ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi: Xa umntu ozelwe eneengxaki zezinto ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi, ezifana ne-hemophilia, ephuma igazi elininzi.
- Kwabo basebenzisa iWarfarin: IWarfarin inciphisa igazi. Ukuba umntu osebenzisa eli yeza uqala ukopha, idla ngokulawulwa ngokunika ivithamin K. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ivithamin K ayinasiphumo sikhawulezileyo, iFFP inokunikwa njengonyango oluxhasayo .
- Kwimeko yesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-TTP (Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura):Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu. Ibangela ukuba kubekho amahlwili egazi ayingozi emzimbeni. Ngokunika i-FFP, aba baguli banikwa enye indawo ye-enzyme engekhoyo.
- Ukopha kakhulu: Xa igazi elininzi liphuma emzimbeni ngaxeshanye ngenxa yengozi enkulu, utyando, okanye esinye isizathu, i-FFP inikwa njengenxalenye yenkqubo yokutofelwa igazi.
I-FFP ibonelelwa njani?
Olu nyango ludla ngokwenziwa esibhedlele. Ingxowa yeFFP eqandisiweyo iyanyibilikiswa ibe kubushushu begumbi ngaphambi kokuba ifakwe emzimbeni wakho. Inkqubo yile ilandelayo:
1. Ukufaka i-cannula: Ugqirha okanye umongikazi uza kufaka i-cannula (umgca we-IV) emthanjeni osengalweni yakho.
2. Ukunika i-FFP: Xa ingxowa ye-FFP iqhagamshelwe kule cannula, i-plasma ingena kancinci emzimbeni wakho ngemithambo yakho.
3. Ukubeka esweni: Ngeli xesha, iimpawu zakho ezibalulekileyo , ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi, ziya kuhlolwa rhoqo. Uvavanyo lwegazi, olufana ne-PT/INR kunye ne-PTT, lunokwenziwa ukujonga ukuba igazi lakho liqina kangakanani na.
4. Idosi: Ingxowa enye ye-FFP (iyunithi) iqulethe malunga ne-200-250 ml. Kuthatha malunga nemizuzu engama-30 ukuyinika umzimba. Ngokuxhomekeke kubungakanani bokuphulukana kwegazi onalo, ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba zingaphi iingxowa ze-FFP ozifunayo kunye nexesha elingakanani.
Zithini iingozi kunye neengxaki ze-FFP?
Njengakweminye imithi, kukho iingozi ezincinci kakhulu ezibandakanyekayo ekusetyenzisweni kwe-FFP. Kodwa oogqirha bayazi kakuhle ezi ngozi kwaye bathatha amanyathelo onke okuzikhusela. Kwaye ngenxa yokuba yonke ingxowa yegazi elinikelweyo ivavanywa ngokungqongqo, umngcipheko wezifo ezosulelayo ngoku uphantsi kakhulu.
| Umngcipheko/Ingxaki | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Iimpendulo ze-allergy | Inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela isabela kwi-plasma engena emzimbeni. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezincinci ezifana nokurhawuzelelwa lusu kunye nokurhawuzelelwa. |
| Iintsholongwane | Kukho ithuba elincinci kakhulu lokufumana intsholongwane egazini lomntu onikelayo. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunqabile kakhulu njengoko zonke iiyunithi zegazi ezinikelwa ziibhanki zegazi eSri Lanka zivavanywa ngokungqongqo. |
| I-TRALI (ukulimala okubangelwa kukufakelwa kwegazi) | Le yimeko engaqhelekanga kodwa imbi kakhulu enokubangela ukudumba emiphungeni kunye nobunzima bokuphefumla. |
| I-TACO (ukugqithisa kwegazi okunxulumene nokudluliselwa kwegazi) | Inkqubo yokujikeleza kwegazi iziva inzima kakhulu ngenxa yobuninzi bolwelo (iplasma) olungena emzimbeni ngaxeshanye. Oku kunokukhokelela ekwandeni koxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nolwelo oluzalisa imiphunga. |
Kwenzeka ntoni emva konyango kwaye kufuneka ufune nini ingcebiso kagqirha?
Ixesha elithathayo ukuze uphile lixhomekeke kwisizathu se-FFP. Ngokwesiqhelo, uza kuqala ukuziva ungcono malunga nosuku emva konyango. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphumla ngokwaneleyo .
Ngamanye amaxesha, ezinye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zinokwenzeka nasemva kokuba ubuyile ekhaya uvela esibhedlele. Ngoko ke lumka kwezi meko zilandelayo.
| Imeko | Kwenziwe ntoni |
|---|---|
| Ukuba unale mpawu, thetha nogqirha wakho. | |
| Ezi zidla ngokuba ziimpawu zokunganyamezelani komzimba. Kubalulekile ukuxelela ugqirha wakho. |
| Ukuba unale mpawu, yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko. | |
| Ezi zisenokuba ziimpawu zesifo esinzima njenge-TRALI okanye i-TACO. Ezi zinokwenzeka kwiiyure ezi-6 zokuqala emva kokuba unyango lunikiwe. Kubalulekile ukufuna unyango ngoko nangoko ngaphandle kokuchitha ixesha. |
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-FFP lunyango olubaluleke kakhulu olunokusindisa ubomi xa kukho ukopha okukhulu.
- Oku kubandakanya kakhulu ukubuyisela izinto ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi kunye nokulahleka komthamo wegazi emzimbeni.
- Olu nyango lunikezelwa esibhedlele kwaye luphantsi kweliso lezonyango, ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokoyika ngokungeyomfuneko.
- Njengakunyango ngalunye, kukho iingozi ezincinci, kodwa oogqirha bakulungele ukuzilawula.
- Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ezinzulu, ezifana nobunzima bokuphefumla, emva konyango, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga noku, ungaze ungathandabuzi ukuxoxa ngayo nogqirha wakho.
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