Yintoni engaphakathi emehlweni akho? Makhe sijonge uvavanyo (lweFundoscopy/Ophthalmoscopy)!

Ngaba wakha wazibuza ukuba ugqirha ubona ntoni ngokwenene xa ekhanyisa ukukhanya okuncinci emehlweni akho? Yiloo nto siza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje, ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Fundoscopy" okanye "Ophthalmoscopy." Olu luvavanyo olulula kakhulu, kodwa olubaluleke kakhulu. Ngaba singathetha ngalo ngokweenkcukacha?

Yintoni le `(Fundoscopy)`? Ngamafutshane...

Ngamafutshane, i-"fundoscopy" luvavanyo lomva weliso lakho, udonga lwangaphakathi. Ugqirha usebenzisa isixhobo sokukhulisa kunye nesibane esincinci esiqhotyoshelwe kuso. Esi sisetyenziselwa uviwo lwezonyango oluqhelekileyo, kunye nokuxilonga izifo ezithile kunye nokwenzakala kwamehlo.

Igama elithi "fundus" lithetha udonga olungasemva lweliso. Yiyo loo nto olu vavanyo lubizwa ngokuba yi-"fundoscopy." Kwakhona, isixhobo esiphambili esisetyenziselwa oku yi-"ophthalmoscope." Ngoko ke, yiyo loo nto olu vavanyo lukwabizwa ngokuba yi-"ophthalmoscopy." Omabini ngamagama amabini ovavanyo olufanayo.

Ngoku khangela, kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokwenza olu vavanyo lwe-``(Fundoscopy)```. Izixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwindlela nganye zahlukile.

1. I-Ophthalmoscopy ethe ngqo:

• Oku kusebenzisa isixhobo esincinci esiphathwa ngesandla esinefestile yokukhulisa kunye nesibane. Ugqirha uhlala phambi kwakho, ubambe isixhobo ngesandla sakhe, aze ajonge ngaphakathi kweliso lakho ngelensi. Kufana nokujonga ngethotshi encinci, kodwa kwenza ingaphakathi leliso lakho libonakale likhulu kakhulu.

2. I-Ophthalmoscopy engathanga ngqo:

• Oku kwahlukile kancinci. Usenokuba ukhe wambona ugqirha enxibe ifreyimu engqukuva ayinxiba entloko. Inenxalenye encinci efana nentonga onokuyibona phambi kwayo. Ungayibona ngeliso elinye okanye omabini amehlo. Ukongeza, ugqirha unenye ilensi encinci esandleni sakhe ebizwa ngokuba yi-"condensing lens". Uyibamba phambi kweliso lakho aze atshintshe i-engile. Xa uyijonga ngale ndlela, ungayibona ngasemva kweliso ngokucacileyo nangakumbi . Ukuba ugqirha ujonga ngamehlo omabini, umbono ungowesithathu (3D) . Oko kuthetha ukuba ungabona ngokucacileyo ngobunzulu.

Ukongeza kwezi ndlela zimbini, kukho olunye utshintsho oluncinci kwi-`(Indirect Ophthalmoscopy)`. Ibizwa ngokuba yi-`(Monocular Indirect Ophthalmoscopy)`. Kule meko, ugqirha ubamba i-`(Ophthalmoscope)` ngesandla esinye aze ajonge ngeliso elinye, ngelixa esebenzisa i-`(i-condensing lens)` ngesinye isandla. Nangona kunjalo, kule meko, umbono onemilinganiselo emithathu kunye nokuqonda ubunzulu kuncinci.

Olu vavanyo lwenziwa nini?

Olu vavanyo, olubizwa ngokuba yi-"fundoscopy," yinto edla ngokwenziwa ngexesha leentlanganiso zonyango eziqhelekileyo. Usenokuba ukubonile kwenziwa, ingakumbi xa usiya kubona ugqirha wakho wosapho (uMboneleli weNkathalelo ePhambili) okanye xa umntwana wakho eya kugqirha wabantwana. Ukongeza, olu vavanyo lwenziwa nakwiimeko ezifana nezi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo: Le yinto enokwenziwa ngokuqinisekileyo.
• Uvavanyo lwe-neurological: Olu vavanyo lunceda ekufumaneni naziphi na iingxaki kwingqondo nakwinkqubo ye-nervous.
• Uvavanyo lomzimba: Ngamanye amaxesha lwenziwa njengenxalenye yovavanyo olupheleleyo.

Ngamanye amaxesha, oogqirha benza olu vavanyo ngokunzulu kancinci. Lubizwa ngokuba yi-"extended ophthalmoscopy." Lujonga ngokusondeleyo oko kungaphakathi kweliso kwaye lwenze umfanekiso walo. Oku kwenziwa ngakumbi emva kotyando kwi-retina okanye kwiimeko ezithile.

Lusebenza njani olu vavanyo lwe-``(Fundoscopy)``?

Uyazi, isangqa esincinci esimnyama esiphakathi kweliso lakho, umfundi , eneneni sisithuba esifana nefestile esingena elisweni. I-iris , isicwili semisipha esinika iliso lakho umbala walo, silawula ubukhulu balo mfundi. Ukukhanya kungena elisweni ngale mfundi. Linyathelo lokuqala ekukwazini kwakho ukubona.

Oogqirha basebenzisa le ndlela yokujonga ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho besebenzisa i-ophthalmoscope. Ukukhanya okungaphakathi kwe-ophthalmoscope kukhanyisa ngaphakathi kweliso, kwaye iilensi ezikhulisayo zivumela ugqirha ukuba abone ngokweenkcukacha nangokucacileyo oko kungaphakathi kweliso.

Xa ugqirha ejonga nge-ophthalmoscope, ukhangela izinto ezithile ngaphakathi kweliso. Izinto eziphambili abazifunayo zezi:

• Abafundi kunye nendlela abasabela ngayo ekukhanyeni: Ngaba abafundi bayancipha okanye bayakhula xa ukukhanya kubabetha?
• I-Fundus reflex: Le yindlela ukukhanya okubonakalisa ngayo udonga olungasemva lweliso. Yiyo eyenza amehlo abantwana abancinci abonakale ekhazimla.
• I-Retina: Le yinwebu ebonakala ekukhanyeni ngaphakathi kweliso, njengefilimu ekwikhamera.
• Ulwakhiwo lwe-Optic Nerve: Le nerve ithwala ulwazi malunga noko kubonwa ngamehlo ukuya engqondweni.

Yintoni onokuyilindela ngaphambi kokuba kwenziwe i-fundoscopy?

Uninzi lwexesha, olu vavanyo lwe-"fundoscopy" aludingi lungiselelo luninzi kuwe. Nangona kunjalo, kwezinye iimeko ezikhethekileyo, ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yamehlo iya kukuxelela ukuba kukho into ekufuneka yenziwe.

Ngamanye amaxesha, ugqirha okanye ingcali yamehlo iya kubeka amaconsi emehlweni akho ukuze ivule amehlo akho . Oku kuyinyani ngakumbi xa kwenziwa njengenxalenye yovavanyo lwamehlo. Ukuvula amehlo akho kuvumela ugqirha ukuba abone kakuhle nangakumbi ingaphakathi leliso lakho.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha lovavanyo lwe-`(Fundoscopy)`?

Ngexesha le-fundoscopy, ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yamehlo iya kukucela ukuba uhlale esitulweni okanye ulale ebhedini phambi kwabo. Olu vavanyo ludla ngokwenziwa kwigumbi elikhanyayo kancinci . Oku kwenza kube lula ukubona ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho. Ugqirha uya kukucela ukuba ujonge phambili, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha akucele ukuba ujike amehlo akho aye kwelinye icala.

Ukuba uyijonga ngendlela ethi ``Indirect Ophthalmoscopy'', ugqirha ubamba ilensi encinci ephathwayo phambi kweliso lakho. Emva koko, ulungelelanisa loo lensi nefestile yokujonga kwisixhobo asinxiba entloko.

Njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, ukwandiswa kwamehlo kunokuba yinxalenye yolu vavanyo, ingakumbi ngexesha lovavanyo lwamehlo. Ukwandiswa kwamehlo akho kunokunceda ugqirha wakho abone naziphi na iingxaki ezincinci okanye ezifihlakeleyo ngaphakathi kweliso lakho. Ugqirha wakho angakuxelela into ayijongileyo kunye nokuba ubona nantoni na ekrokrisayo.

Usenokuba uzibuza, "Ngaba olu vavanyo luza kuba buhlungu?" Akunjalo konke konke! Olu luvavanyo olungenabuhlungu. Usenokuziva ungakhululekanga xa ukukhanya kubetha elisweni lakho, kodwa kuza kuphela kwimizuzu embalwa. Akukho nto inokubangela ixhala ngayo.

Yintoni onokuyilindela emva kovavanyo?

Ukuba ugqirha wakho ubona into ekrokrisayo, unokuyalela uvavanyo olongezelelweyo. Umzekelo, ukufota i-fundus (ukuthatha umfanekiso wangaphakathi kweliso lakho) okanye uvavanyo lwesibane esiqhekekileyo (ukujonga iliso lakho nge-microscope ekhethekileyo). Oku kunokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Ngoko ke, ungathandabuzi ukubuza ugqirha wakho ngolwazi oluthe kratya malunga novavanyo alucebisayo kunye nezinto ezimxhalabisayo.

Zithetha ukuthini iziphumo zovavanyo lwakho?

Ugqirha wakho okanye ingcali yamehlo iya kukuxelela into abayibonileyo emehlweni akho. Baya kukuchazela nokuba kukho into ekufuneka uyiqwalasele na. Baya kukunika nesikhokelo sokuba wenze ntoni emva koko kwaye uqonde ntoni.

Abanye oogqirha banokuthetha ngento eyenzekayo ngelixa usenza uvavanyo. Abanye banokuthetha ngezinto abazibonileyo ngokweenkcukacha emva kokuba uvavanyo luphelile. Oku kudla ngokuba yinto yokuzikhethela. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukhathazekile okanye uxhalabile ngovavanyo, xelela ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uvavanyo luqale. Uyakwazi ukuqonda iimvakalelo zakho, akuncede uphumle, kwaye akuncede woyise uloyiko lwakho.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kukho intetho ethi "amehlo ziifestile zomphefumlo." Ukongeza, kunokuthiwa amehlo ziifestile zempilo yakho . Oogqirha kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo basebenzisa olu vavanyo lwe-`(Fundoscopy)` ukujonga ngaphakathi kwamehlo akho kunye nokufumana ulwazi olubalulekileyo malunga nempilo yamehlo akho, ingqondo, kunye nomzimba wonke. `(Fundoscopy)` okanye `(Ophthalmoscopy)` yinkqubo esetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukujonga naziphi na iingxaki ezinokufuna unyango.Indlela ebaluleke kakhulu.

Okungcono nangakumbi kukuba olu vavanyo lukhawuleza, alunantlungu, kwaye lunokwenziwa ngezixhobo ezimbalwa . Ngoko ke, lunokwenziwa lula naphi na emhlabeni, nakwiindawo ezinezibonelelo zonyango kunye nobuchwepheshe obuncinci. Ngoko ke, kwixesha elizayo xa ugqirha ekhanyisa iliso lakho, uya kwazi ukuba lubaluleke kangakanani olu vavanyo!

I- Fundoscopy, i-ophthalmoscopy, uvavanyo lwamehlo, i-retina, i-optic nerve, impilo yamehlo, iimvavanyo zonyango