Ngaba ucinga ngokukhula? Masifunde ngale ngcali ibizwa ngokuba yi-"Gerontologist"!

Sonke siyaluphala ngenye imini, akunjalo? Wonke umntu unethemba lokuhlala esempilweni kwaye onwabile njengoko sikhula. Ngoko ke, ubusazi na ukuba kukho abantu abafunda ngokukodwa ngokuguga kwaye bancede abantu abadala ukuba bahlale besempilweni? Abo ngabantu ababizwa ngokuba yi-"Gerontologists." Namhlanje, masithethe ngokuba ngoobani aba bantu kunye nento abayenzayo.

Ngubani lo ``(Ingcali yezesifo sofuba)``?

Ngamafutshane, ``(Ingcali yokuguga)`` yingcali efunda kwaye isebenza ngokwaluphala kunye nokuphila kakuhle kwabantu abadala. Baphanda indlela inkqubo yokwaluphala ebachaphazela ngayo ngokwasemzimbeni, ngokwengqondo, nangokwentlalo. Baphanda nokuba yintoni efunekayo ukuze abantu abadala bafumane ubomi obusemgangathweni ophezulu.

Ukuze ube yingcali ye-gerontology, kufuneka ube ugqibile ubuncinci isidanga se-master kwi-gerontology okanye icandelo elinxulumene noko. Abanye abantu bahamba nangakumbi, befumana izidanga zobugqirha.

Ngubani onokuba yi-``(Gerontologist)``?

Ngoku usenokuba ucinga ukuba "uGqirha weeNtsapho eziBalulekileyo" ngugqirha nje. Hayi ngokwenene. Eli candelo libanzi kakhulu. Abanye babasebenzi bezempilo odibana nabo, kunye nabantu abaninzi abasebenza ngasemva kweziganeko ukunceda abantu abadala, banokubizwa ngokuba "nguGqirha weeNtsapho eziBalulekileyo". Jonga le mizekelo:

• Oogqirha: Aba bantu badla ngokubizwa ngokuba "ziingcali zezifo zabantu abadala" okanye "ziingcali zezifo zabantu abadala".
• Abahlengikazi: Aba babizwa ngokuba "ngabahlengikazi abakhulelweyo" , "abahlengikazi abakhulelweyo" , okanye "abahlengikazi abafumana uncedo lwabantwana abakhulileyo (ii-GRN)" . Banikezela ngononophelo olukhethekileyo kubantu abadala.
• Iingcali zebhayoloji : Abo baphanda ngemiba yebhayoloji yokwaluphala.
• Iingcali zengqondo : Abo bagxila kutshintsho lwengqondo kunye neengxaki zempilo yengqondo ezenzeka ngexesha lokwaluphala.
• Izazinzulu zokuziphatha nezentlalo : Abo bafunda ngokuziphatha kwezentlalo kunye nobudlelwane bentlalo yabantu abadala.
• Abasebenzi bezentlalo : Abantu abancedayo ekunikeni inkxaso yoluntu kunye nezixhobo ezifunekayo kubantu abadala.
• Iingcali zezoqoqosho : Abo bafunda ngempembelelo yezoqoqosho yabantu abalupheleyo, njengokucwangcisa umhlala-phantsi.
• Iingcali kwizifundo zoluntu okanye ubugcisa : Abo baphanda indlela ukwaluphala okumelwa ngayo ngokwenkcubeko nangokwezobugcisa.

Ukwaluphala akuchaphazeli wonke umntu ngendlela efanayo, akunjalo?

Into enye eyaziwayo ziingcali ze-gerontologists kukuba nangona ukwaluphala kuchaphazela wonke umntu, akuchaphazeli wonke umntu ngendlela efanayo . Cinga ngezinto ezinje:

• Kukho abantu abadala, bahlala kwiindawo ezingenazo izinto ezininzi.Emva koko kuba nzima kubo ukufumana izinto ezinje ngokutya okunesondlo kunye neendawo ezifanelekileyo zokuzilolonga ezicetyiswa ngoogqirha. Ezi miqathango zichaphazela impilo yabo, kwaye zenza kube nzima nokulawula izifo ezingapheliyo .
• Abanye bahlala bodwa okanye kude namaqela enkxaso. Oku kubashiya bengenamathuba amaninzi okunxibelelana rhoqo nabantu, nto leyo ebalulekileyo kwimpilo yabo yengqondo nakwimpilo-ntle yabo iyonke. Oku kunokukhokelela ekubeni bodwa kunye noxinzelelo.
• Abantu abadala abangenamoto okanye abangakwaziyo ukuqhuba banokuphoswa ziintlanganiso zikagqirha. Kufuneka bathembele kwabanye abantu xa bebathutha. Oku kunokuchaphazela ukuzimela kwabo.
• Abanye abantu abadala banokukufumanisa kunzima ukufumana umsebenzi , njengoko eminye imibutho ithanda abasebenzi abaselula. Oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zemali, ukukhungatheka komntu ngamnye, kunye nokuziva engaxatyiswanga kuluntu.

Ukucalucalulwa kwabantu ngenxa yobudala babo, okwaziwa ngokuba yi -ageism, yenye nje yeendlela ezininzi zokwaluphala ezifundwa ziingcali zolusu kwaye zizama ukuziphucula.

Intsimi yophando ezinikele kwimiba enxulumene nokwaluphala ibizwa ngokuba yiGerontology .

Ngoko ke, yintoni le "Gerontology"?

I-Gerontology luphando nje lokwaluphala kwabantu , ingakumbi abantu abadala abaneminyaka engaphezu kwama-65 ubudala. Iingcali ze-Gerontology azifundi nje kuphela utshintsho lomzimba nolwengqondo oluvelayo njengoko umntu ekhula. Zidlula imbali yezonyango zomntu zijonge umfanekiso obanzi . Zigxila kuzo zonke izinto ezinokuchaphazela indlela umntu aguga ngayo. Abantu abafunda i-Gerontology banomdla kakhulu kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Utshintsho olwenzekayo njengoko umntu ekhula: Oku kuquka utshintsho emzimbeni, engqondweni, nakwindlela aziphethe ngayo .
• Utshintsho olwenzekayo kuluntu njengoko abantu bekhula.
• Ubudlelwane phakathi komntu owaluphalayo kunye nendawo akuyo .
• Indlela izinto ezichaphazela ngayo impilo yoluntu (oko kukuthi, izinto ezifana nendawo ahlala kuyo umntu, imeko yakhe yezoqoqosho, kunye nemfundo) ezichaphazela ngayo impilo-ntle yakhe.
• Indlela yokusebenzisa ulwazi malunga nokwaluphala ukwenza imigaqo-nkqubo kunye neenkqubo eziluncedo kubantu abadala.
• Indlela yokulwa nocalucalulo kunye nokucalucalulwa kwabantu abadala emsebenzini nakwezinye iindawo.

I-Gerontology yintsimi ebandakanya izifundo ezahlukeneyo.Oko kuthetha ukuba abantu abavela kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zokufunda, ezifana nezonyango, isayensi yezentlalo, kunye nebhayoloji, banokusebenzisa igama elithi ``(Gerontologist)`` ukuchaza oko bakwenzayo. Aba ngcali babelana ngolwazi omnye komnye ukuze baqhubele phambili eli candelo.

Zisebenza phi iingcali zeGerontologists?

Iingcali zoogqirha abakhulelweyo zisebenza kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomsebenzi. Nazi imizekelo embalwa:

• Izibhedlele neekliniki : Apha basebenza ngqo nezigulana, bebonelela ngonyango kunye neengcebiso.
• Amakhaya abantu abadala kunye nezinye izibonelelo zokhathalelo lwexesha elide : Ezi zikwabonelela ngononophelo oluthe ngqo kubantu abadala, zibanceda ukuba banyamekele iimfuno zabo zemihla ngemihla.
• Amaziko oluntu : Lungiselela iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zentlalo, zemfundo, nezokuzonwabisa zabantu abadala.
• Iiofisi ezingenzi nzuzo okanye zeenkampani : Ezi ofisi zibandakanyeka ekwenziweni kwemigaqo-nkqubo, ukubonisana, kunye nolawulo lweenkqubo ezinxulumene nentlalo-ntle yabantu abadala.
• Amaziko ophando : Yenza uphando kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zokwaluphala kwaye ufumane ulwazi olutsha.
• Iikhampasi zasekholejini : Zifundisa isifundo seGerontology kwaye zikwabandakanyeka kuphando.

Ezinye iingcali zonyango lwabantu abadala zisebenza ngokuthe ngqo nabantu ezibancedayo. Umzekelo, zinokunyamekela abantu abadala kwiindawo zokuhlala okanye kwiindawo zokugcina abantu abadala emini. Ezinye zisebenza ngasese ukuphucula umgangatho wobomi babantu abadala. Zingasebenza njengabacwangcisi beenkqubo, abacebisi beziko, okanye abaphandi.

Yintoni kanye kanye eyenziwa yi-``(Gerontologist)``?

Oko kwenziwa yingcali yolusu oludala imihla ngemihla kunokwahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kumsebenzi wabo othile. Kodwa ngokubanzi, bonke oogqirha bolusu basebenza ukunceda abantu abadala baphile ubomi obude, obusempilweni, obonwabisayo, nobunesidima.

Iingcali zolusu ziyaqonda ukuba nangona abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 beneemfuno ezininzi ezifanayo, umntu ngamnye wahlukile . Ngoko ke, baqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno zomntu, izinto azikhethayo, kunye nemilinganiselo yakhe ziyahlonitshwa naphi na apho akhoyo (umzekelo, ekhaya, emsebenzini, kuluntu).

Eminye yemisebenzi ethile enokwenziwa yiGerontologist yile:

• Ukuphuhlisa iinkqubo ezixhasa impilo okanye ukufunda kwabantu abadala.
• Ukucwangciswa kwemisebenzi yabantu abadala kwiindawo ezifana neendawo zokuhlala zabantu abadala kunye neendawo zokunyamekela abantu abadala.
• Ukwenza uvavanyo lweemfuno ukuze kufundwe indlela uluntu olunokubaxhasa ngcono ngayo abantu abadala.
• Ukucebisa abaqeshi ngendlela yokuxhasa abantu abadala emsebenzini.
• Kwimiba enxulumene nomsebenzi, imali kunye nezindluUkunika iingcebiso kubantu abadala kunye neentsapho zabo.
• Ukubonelela ngononophelo oluthe ngqo kwizibhedlele, kumakhaya abantu abadala, nakwezinye iindawo.
• Ukumela iimfuno zabantu abadala kubenzi bomthetho (Ummeli Wezomthetho) `(Ummeli)` .
• Iiklasi zokufundisa kwiiyunivesithi.
• Ukuphanda ngemiba enxulumene nabantu abadala.
• Ukubhala nokupapasha amanqaku kwiijenali zobungcali.

Iingcali zoogqirha abakhulelweyo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni umgangatho wobomi babantu abadala kuluntu. Kwaye kwiminyaka ezayo, siya kuziva isidingo sabo ngaphezu kwanini na ngaphambili. Kungenxa yokuba abaphandi baqikelela ukuba inani labantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-65 liya kuqhubeka lisanda njengoko uphuhliso lwezonyango luvumela abantu ukuba baphile ixesha elide. Ngoko ke, uluntu kufuneka lufumane iindlela zokunceda abantu abadala bangafikeleli nje kuphela kwimida emitsha yobudala, kodwa bahlale bonwabile kwaye besempilweni kubomi babo bemihla ngemihla.

Zeziphi iindawo zophando ezenziwayo kwicandelo le-"Gerontology"?

Iingcali zolusu ziphanda imiba eyahlukeneyo enxulumene nabantu abadala. Nazi ezinye zemizekelo:

• Impilo yobuchopho : Oku kuquka ukufunda umahluko phakathi kokwaluphala okuqhelekileyo kwengqondo (okukuwohloka kancinci kwenkumbulo kunye nengqalelo njengoko sikhula) kunye notshintsho oluhambelana neemeko ezifana ne -dementia . Nangona kuqhelekile ukuba nengxaki yokukhumbula njengoko sikhula, i-dementia yimeko enzulu ngakumbi.
• Impembelelo yokuxilongwa okuthile : Kuqhutywa uphando malunga nendlela iimeko ezifana nesifo seswekile kunye nesifo esingapheliyo sokuphazamiseka kwemiphunga (i-COPD) ezichaphazela ngayo abantu abadala. Kubalulekile ukuqonda indlela yokwenza ubomi bemihla ngemihla bube lula ngelixa uphila nezi meko.
• Indlela isondlo esichaphazela ngayo ukwaluphala : Bakwaphanda ngendlela ukutya okunesondlo okunempilo okunokukunceda ngayo uhlale usempilweni kwaye usebenza njengoko ukhula.
• Bakwahlola neengenelo zokugonywa kubantu abadala : indlela ezibaluleke ngayo izitofu zokukhusela izifo ezosulelayo ezifana nomkhuhlane kunye ne-pneumonia.
• Impembelelo yabantu abadala kuqoqosho : Sifunda ngegalelo labo lezemali kuluntu, ukhuseleko lwabo kwezoqoqosho, njl. Abantu abadala abangomthwalo, amava abo kunye negalelo labo lixabisekile kwilizwe.
• Impilo yomlomo yabantu abadala : Le yindawo ebalulekileyo abafanele bayiqwalasele, njengoko impilo yamazinyo neentsini zabo ichaphazela impilo yabo iyonke.
• Indlela ukusebenzisana nezilwanyana okunokuphucula ngayo umgangatho wobomi babantu abadala : Kuqhutywa uphando malunga neenzuzo zezilwanyana zasekhaya, ezifana nokuthuthuzela ngokwengqondo kunye nokunciphisa isizungu.

Uphando lusaqhubeka, kwaye ulwazi olutsha luya kuqhubeka luvela. Iingcali zolusu kunye nabanye abasebenza nabantu abadala banokusebenzisa olu lwazi ukuxhasa ngcono abantu abadala kunyango lwempilo nakuluntu ngokubanzi.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-"Geriatrician" kunye ne-"Gerontologist"?

Ngoku usenokuba nombuzo omncinci, yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-"Geriatrician" kunye ne-"Gerontologist." Kulungile, masiyiqonde ngokulula.

Wonke umntu `(uGqirha wezifo zabantwana abasakhulayo)` ungu `(uGqirha wezifo zabantwana abasakhulayo)`. Kodwa ayinguye wonke umntu `(uGqirha wezifo zabantwana abasakhulayo)` ongu `(uGqirha wezifo zabantwana abasakhulayo)`.

Cinga ngale ndlela. Ingcali yezonyango zabantu abadala ngugqirha ogxile kwiimfuno zonyango zabantu abadala (ngokuqhelekileyo abanesidanga se-MD okanye se-DO). Iingcali zezonyango zabantu abadala zigxile kwicandelo lezonyango elibizwa ngokuba yi-geriatrics . Eli candelo ligxile ekuthinteleni nasekulawuleni iimeko ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezihlala zenzeka kamva ebomini. Ngenxa yokuba iingcali zezonyango zabantu abadala zijongana nemiba enxulumene nokwaluphala, zihlelwa ngokwetekhnoloji njengeengcali zezonyango zabantu abadala.

Nangona kunjalo, i-Gerontologist ngumzekelo omnye nje we-Gerontologist. Uninzi lwee-Gerontologists lukhetha iindlela zomsebenzi ngaphandle kwezonyango. Banokuba ngabalawuli beenkqubo, bafundise eyunivesithi, okanye basebenzele umbutho ongenzi nzuzo. I-Gerontology ligama elibanzi eliquka imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yobungcali. Zonke ii-Gerontologists zinomdla ofanayo wokufunda ngenkqubo yokwaluphala. Zifuna ukunceda abantu baphile ubomi babo obuhle njengoko bekhula.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-"Gerontologist" kunye "nengcali ye-Gerontology"?

Kukho enye into ekufuneka icaciswe. Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-"Gerontologist" kunye ne-"Gerontological professional"?

Umahluko omkhulu linqanaba lemfundo elifunekayo ukuze umntu abe nezi zihloko. Abo banesihloko esithi ``Gerontologist`` kufuneka babe nenqanaba lemfundo yesidanga sokuqala . ``Gerontologists`` kufuneka babe nesidanga se ``Master of Arts`` okanye ``Master of Science`` ubuncinane. Izidanga zabo zisenokuba kwi ``Gerontology`` okanye kwicandelo elinxulumene noko eligxile ekwaluphaleni. Abanye bade babe ne ``Doctorate`` okanye ``Medical```.

Kwelinye icala, "iingcali ze-Gerontological" , ngamanye amaxesha ezibizwa ngokuba "ziingcali ze-Gerontological", zihlala zine " isidanga se-Bachelor" okanye "isidanga se-Associate" kwi "Gerontology." Bakwangabantu abaxabisekileyo abasebenza nabantu abadala, kodwa abanalo ulwazi olunzulu ngemfundo "ye-Gerontologist."

Iingcali zoogqirha abakhulelweyo zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuxhaseni iimfuno kunye neminqweno yabantu abadala kuluntu lwethu. Ziingcali kuzo zonke iinkalo zenkqubo yokwaluphala, kwaye ziyaqonda indlela ukwaluphala okuchaphazela ngayo ubomi bomntu bonke. Ukuba unomdla wokufunda okungakumbi nge-gerontology, thetha nogqirha wakho. Usenokuba yingcali yonyango lwabakhulelweyo kwaye angakuvuyela ukuthetha nawe ngale ntsimi. Okanye, banokukwazi ukukuthumela kwabanye abanokukunceda.

Ngoko ke, sifunde ntoni namhlanje? (Umyalezo oya ekhaya)

Ngamafutshane, "(Ingcali yoLutsha)" yingcali ezinikele kwimpilo-ntle, ulonwabo, kunye nesidima soluntu lwethu oludala. Nangona ukwaluphala kuyinto eqhelekileyo kuye wonke umntu, injongo yabo ephambili kukubanceda baphile olo hambo, besempilweni, kwaye bonwabile kangangoko kunokwenzeka.

Khumbula, ukwaluphala lixesha elibalulekileyo eliza nemingeni kunye nobutyebi bamava. Iingcali zoogqirha bolusu zinceda ekwenzeni eli xesha libe nentsingiselo ngakumbi nobomi bube mnandi ngakumbi.

Ukuba wena okanye ilungu losapho olukhulileyo lifuna ingcebiso okanye inkxaso ethile malunga nokwaluphala, cinga ngokubona ugqirha wezifo zabantwana abalupheleyo, ingakumbi ugqirha wezifo zabantwana abalupheleyo. Baya kukwazi ukukunika ulwalathiso olufanelekileyo. Ungafumanisa nokuba ezi nkonzo zifumaneka phi kwindawo okuyo.

I- Gerontology, I-Gerontology, I-Gerontologist, I-Gerontology, Ukwaluphala, Impilo Yabantu Abadala, Ingcali Yabantwana Abakhulileyo, Ukhathalelo Lwabantu Abadala