Ngaba uziva udiniwe kwaye ungaphilanga kakuhle kule mihla? Ngaba uxhalabile ngezinto ezincinci, ngaba uziva ngathi intliziyo yakho iyabetha ngamandla, kwaye awukwazi ukulala ebusuku? Ukuba ulahlekelwa bubunzima nangona utya kakuhle, usenokuba ucinga ukuba konke oku kungenxa yokusebenza kakhulu okanye uxinzelelo. Kakade ke, oko kusenokuba yimbangela. Kodwa ezi mpawu zisenokuba ngenxa yengxaki ye-thyroid gland yakho, efana nebhabhathane elincinci entanyeni yakho. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngesinye sezifo ezinjalo, iGraves' Disease. Ungakhathazeki, esi sisifo esinokulawuleka ukuba usiqonda kakuhle.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iSifo samaGraves?
Khawuthelekelele ukuba unomkhosi okhusela ilizwe lakho. Umsebenzi walo mkhosi kukukhusela ilizwe kwiintshaba zangaphandle. Umzimba wethu ukwanenkqubo yokuzikhusela efanayo, esiyibiza ngokuba yinkqubo yokuzikhusela . Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha le nkqubo yokuzikhusela yenza impazamo. Endaweni yotshaba lwangaphandle, ziqala ukuhlasela ilungu elihle nelisempilweni emzimbeni wethu.
Isifo sikaGraves sesinye sezimo ezinjalo. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba inkqubo yethu yomzimba yokuzikhusela ihlasela ngempazamo i-thyroid gland yethu. Olu hlaselo lubangela ukuba i-thyroid gland isebenze kakhulu kwaye isebenze kakhulu. Ubungakanani behomoni ye-thyroid evelisayo buphezulu kakhulu kunokuba umzimba udinga. Kwizonyango, esi sifo sibizwa ngokuba yi-hyperthyroidism , okanye i-thyroid esebenza kakhulu. Isifo sikaGraves sesona sibangela siphambili sale meko.
Nangona le yimeko ehlala ixesha elide (engapheliyo), ngonyango olufanelekileyo, ingalawulwa kakuhle kwaye ungaphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
Ngaba ezi mpawu uyaziqhelanisa nawe?
Isifo seGraves sibangela ukuba imetabolism yomzimba wethu, eli lizinga lokuveliswa nokusetyenziswa kwamandla, inyuke kakhulu. Kufana nokunyathela i-accelerator yemoto ngalo lonke ixesha. Oku kunokubangela iimpawu ezahlukeneyo. Abanye abantu banokufumana uphawu olunye okanye ezimbini kuphela kwezi, ngelixa abanye banokufumana uninzi lwazo ngaxeshanye.
Jonga itheyibhile engezantsi ukuze ubone ukuba ezi mpawu zeziphi.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuhla ukusinda | Ukuba mncane nangona utya kakuhle kwaye unomdla wokutya. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza (iTachycardia) | Kuvakala ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza, ibetha ngamandla, nokuba umi apho nje. |
| Ukunganyamezelani nobushushu kunye nokubila kakhulu | Ukuziva ushushu ngendlela enganyamezelekiyo kwaye ubila rhoqo, nokuba ukwindawo eqhelekileyo kwabanye. |
| Ixhala kunye nokungazoli | Ukuziva uxhalabile, ungaphumli, kwaye ucaphuka lula ngaphandle kwesizathu. |
| Uloyiko | Ukungcangcazela okuncinci ezandleni. |
| Ukungalali | Ingxaki yokungakwazi ukulala ebusuku. |
| Ukudumba kwentamo (iGoiter) | Ukudumba nokwanda kwe-thyroid gland ngaphambili entanyeni. |
| Utshintsho kwinkqubo yokugaya ukutya | Ukuhamba rhoqo kwamathumbu (urhudo) okanye ukudinga ukuya kwigumbi lokuhlambela amaxesha amaninzi ngemini. |
| Utshintsho kumjikelo wokuya esikhathini kwabasetyhini | Ukopha okunciphileyo okanye ukuya exesheni okungaqhelekanga/ukuyeka ukuya exesheni. |
Ngaba amehlo nolusu nazo zingachaphazeleka?
Ewe, iSifo seGraves sinokuchaphazela kungekuphela nje indlala yegilo, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha amehlo nolusu.
Iziphumo emehlweni (i-Graves' Orbitopathy)
Malunga nomntu omnye kwabathathu abaneSifo seGraves banokuba nale meko. Sikwabizwa ngokuba siSifo samehlo seThyroid . Okwenzekayo apha kukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ihlasela izihlunu kunye nezicubu ezijikeleze amehlo. Ke ngoko,
- Amehlo avuvukileyo: Amehlo abonakala emakhulu kwaye evuvukile.
- Ukuva iintlungu okanye uxinzelelo emehlweni.
- Ukurhawuzelela ngokungathi kukho isanti emehlweni.
- Umbono ophindwe kabini.
- Ubunzima bokubona ngaphandle ekukhanyeni okuqaqambileyo (i-Photophobia).
Iziphumo zolusu (iGraves' Dermopathy)
Le yimeko engaqhelekanga. Ibandakanya ukujiya kolusu emilenzeni, ingakumbi emathangeni, kwaye ifumane umbala obomvu okanye omfusa onamaqhuma. Ikwabizwa ngokuba yiPretibial Myxedema .
Kutheni sifumana isifo seGraves?
Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, esona sizathu siphambili soku kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba. Ngenxa yoku kungasebenzi kakuhle, umzimba uvelisa uhlobo lwe-antibody ebizwa ngokuba yi-Thyroid-Stimulating Immunoglobulin (TSI) . La ma-antibodies e-TSI anamathela kwiiseli ze-thyroid gland aze athumele umyalezo ongalunganga kwi-gland ukuze "yenze iihomoni ezingaphezulu, yenze ezingaphezulu."
Izazinzulu azikaqiniseki ngokupheleleyo ukuba kutheni inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela isebenza kakubi ngolu hlobo, kodwa zikholelwa ukuba kukho izinto ezininzi ezibangela oku.
- Izinto Ezibangela Ufuzo: Uphando lufumanise ukuba i-79% yeSifo sikaGraves ibangelwa zizifo zethu zofuzo. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho (umama, utata, abantakwenu) unesifo se-thyroid okanye ezinye izifo ezizikhuselayo emzimbeni, usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokufumana esi sifo.
- Izinto Ezichaphazela Indalo: I-21% eseleyo yomngcipheko ivela kwizinto ezichaphazela indalo. Oko kukuthi,
- Uxinzelelo: Uxinzelelo olunzima noluhlala ixesha elide lunokuba ngunobangela wezifo ezibangelwa kukuzikhusela komzimba ezifana nale.
- Ukukhulelwa nokubeleka: Le meko inokwenzeka xa kukho utshintsho lwehomoni emzimbeni ngexesha lokukhulelwa nasemva kokubeleka.
- Iintsholongwane kunye nosulelo: Esi sifo sinokuvela emva kosulelo oluthile lwentsholongwane, njengoko inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela isebenza ngokwahlukileyo.
- Ukutshaya: Abantu abatshayayo basengozini enkulu yokufumana isifo seGraves. Akupheleli apho, ukuba umntu otshayayo ufumana esi sifo, iziphumo emehlweni (iGraves' Orbitopathy) zinokuba nzima kakhulu.
Zeziphi iimeko eziyingozi ezinokubakho ukuba azinyangwa?
Isifo sikaGraves sisifo esifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. Ukuba asinyangwa, sinokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezinkulu.
- Isifo sentliziyo: Ukwanda kweehomoni ze-thyroid kubeka uxinzelelo olukhulu entliziyweni. Oku kunokukhokelela kwi- atrial fibrillation (Afib), imeko apho intliziyo ibetha ngokungacwangciswanga. Oku kwandisa umngcipheko wokuhlaselwa yintliziyo kunye nestroke.
- I-Osteoporosis: Amanqanaba aphezulu e-thyroid hormone abangela ukwehla kwe-calcium emathanjeni, nto leyo eyenza ukuba abe mancinci kwaye aqhekeke lula.
- I-Thyroid Storm: Le yimeko engxamisekileyo eyingozi kakhulu kwaye inokubeka ubomi esichengeni. Okwenzekayo kukuba umzimba ngequbuliso ukhupha inani elikhulu kakhulu leehomoni ze-thyroid. Iimpawu ziquka umkhuhlane ophezulu, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, ukubila, ukudideka, kunye nokuhlanza. Ukuba ezi mpawu ziyenzeka, kufuneka usiwe kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo yesibhedlele (ETU) ngoko nangoko.
- Iingxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa: Ukuba isifo sikaGraves asilawulwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa, sinokubangela iingxaki kumama nomntwana. Sinokubangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu, ubunzima bokuzalwa obuphantsi, ukuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kumama (i-preeclampsia).
Ugqirha usifumanisa njani esi sifo?
Ukuba uneempawu ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla, into yokuqala omawuyenze kukubona ugqirha. Uza kujonga ngokweenkcukacha iimpawu zakho kunye nembali yempilo yosapho lwakho. Emva koko, baya kuyalela iimvavanyo ezithile ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo.
- Uvavanyo lweGazi leThyroid: Olu vavanyo lujonga amanqanaba eehomoni ze-thyroid (T3, T4) kunye ne-TSH (ihomoni evuselela i-thyroid) egazini lakho. KwiSifo seGraves, amanqanaba eehomoni ze-thyroid adla ngokuba phezulu kwaye amanqanaba e-TSH aphantsi kakhulu.
- Uvavanyo lweGazi lwe-Antibody: Olu vavanyo lunokuqinisekisa ukuba unazo na ii-TSI antibodies esithethe ngazo ngaphambili egazini lakho.
- Ukuthathwa kunye nokuSkena kweThyroid: Kolu vavanyo, unikwa inani elincinci le-iodine enemisebe ngendlela yepilisi. I-thyroid gland yomntu onesifo seGraves ifunxa inani elikhulu lale iodine. Oku kunokubonwa ngeskeni.
- I-Doppler Ultrasound: Olu vavanyo lwenziwa kuba oomama abakhulelweyo okanye abancancisayo abanakufumana i-iodine ene-radioactive. Lulinganisa isantya sokuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwi-thyroid gland. Olu vavanyo luphezulu kakhulu kwiSifo seGraves.
Zithini iindlela zonyango?
Isifo sikaGraves sisifo esilawulekayo. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango ezikhoyo. Kufuneka uxoxe nogqirha wakho ukuba loluphi unyango olukulungeleyo.
| Indlela yonyango | Kwenzekani? | Yintoni ekufuneka uyazi |
|---|---|---|
| Ii-Beta-blockers | La mayeza awanciphisi amanqanaba ehomoni ye-thyroid, kodwa alawula ngokukhawuleza iimpawu ezifana nokubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, izandla ezingcangcazelayo, kunye nokuxhalaba. | Inikwa ngokuyintloko ukulawula iimpawu de kube ezinye iindlela zonyango zisebenza. |
| Amayeza e-Antithyroid | La mayeza (umz. iMethimazole, iPropylthiouracil) athintela ukuveliswa kweehomoni yi-thyroid gland. | Kusenokufuneka uwathathe la mayeza kangangeenyanga okanye iminyaka. Abanye abantu basenokude bafikelele esiphelweni. |
| Unyango lweRadioiodine | I-iodine ekhupha imisebe, enikwa njengekhaphu okanye ulwelo, itshabalalisa kancinci kancinci iiseli kwi-thyroid gland, nto leyo ebangela ukuba i-gland inciphe. | Emva kolu nyango, i-hypothyroidism idla ngokuvela, nto leyo edinga unyango lwe-thyroxine ubomi bonke. |
| Utyando (i-Thyroidectomy) | Utyando lususa inxalenye okanye yonke i-thyroid gland. | Ukuba indlala isusiwe ngokupheleleyo, kuya kufuneka uthathe iipilisi ze-thyroxine ubomi bakho bonke. Olu lukhetho olufanelekileyo kubantu abanengxaki yokuphefumla ngenxa yokwanda kwendlala (goiter). |
Usenokucinga ukuba i-hypothyroidism, emva konyango, nayo sisifo. Ewe, sisifo. Kodwa kulula kakhulu ukuyilawula kune-hyperthyroidism, kwaye zimbalwa iingxaki zempilo ezihlala ixesha elide.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isifo sikaGraves asiyonto yokoyika, kodwa sisifo esinokunyangwa nesilawulekayo.
- Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezifana nokwehla kobunzima ngendlela engachazekiyo, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, izandla ezingcangcazelayo, ukubila kakhulu, kunye nokungazinzi, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha.
- Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onesifo se-thyroid, nawe usengozini, ngoko lumka.
- Xa unyango luqalile, kubaluleke kakhulu ukusela amayeza njengoko ugqirha ewayalele kwaye uye kutyelelo lokulandelela.
- Ukuba ubonakalisa iimpawu ze-'thyroid storm' ezifana nomkhuhlane ophezulu, ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokudideka, yimeko engxamisekileyo. Yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
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