Masifunde ngakumbi ngeHepatitis C. Indlela echaphazela ngayo isibindi sakho buthule

Ngaba wakha weva ngeHepatitis C? Mhlawumbi ewe, mhlawumbi hayi. Yintsholongwane engena emzimbeni wakho ize yonakalise isibindi sakho. Abantu abaninzi abazi nokuba banayo kuba ayibonisi zimpawu ekuqaleni. Kodwa ungakhathazeki, kukho unyango olufanelekileyo ngoku!

Yintoni iHepatitis C?

Ngamafutshane, iHepatitis C sisifo esibangelwa yintsholongwane ehlasela isibindi sethu. Xa le ntsholongwane, ebizwa ngokuba yiHepatitis C Virus (HCV), ingena esibindini sethu, ibangela ukudumba. Kanye njengokuba sifumana inxeba, liyadumba. Oku kudumba kuyasonakalisa isibindi kancinci kancinci. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukuba asinyangwa, asiyi kuphila ngokwaso. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, isibindi sinokonakala kakhulu. Kodwa kukho iindaba ezimnandi! Ngoku kukho amayeza amatsha anokunyanga ngokupheleleyo iHepatitis C. Ingxaki kukuba abantu abaninzi ababonisi zimpawu kwaye abazi ukuba banazo.

Zithini iimpawu?

Nantsi into ebalulekileyo. Uninzi lwabantu alubonisi zimpawu! Leyo yeyona nxalenye yoyikekayo yesi sifo. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abantu banokubonisa iimpawu ezithile xa intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni kwaye umzimba uqala ukulwa nayo, oko kukuthi, ngexesha lesigaba 'sokungxama'.

Iimpawu ezibukhali

Ezi mpawu zinokufana nezo zomkhuhlane oqhelekileyo. Jonga:

• Kuvakala ngathi kubuhlungu esiswini.
• Umchamo omnyama, mhlawumbi isitulo esincinci
• Iimpawu ezifana nezomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane, ezinje ngomkhuhlane, iintlungu zomzimba, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokudinwa
• Ukutyheli kolusu kunye namehlo amhlophe. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-'jaundice'.

Iimpawu ezenzeka ixesha elide (ezingapheliyo)

Ngoku, ukuba awunazo ezi mpawu zibukhali ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili, usenokungaziva nto kangangeminyaka. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-hepatitis C 'engapheliyo'. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko isibindi siqala ukusebenza kancinci kancinci, iimpawu ezifana nezi zinokuvela:

• Zonke iimpawu ezikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili (ezifana nentlungu yesisu, i-jaundice) zinokubuya.
• Ayisiyiyo loo nto kuphela, kodwa nezinye iimpawu ezintsha zingongezwa:
• Igazi elisesitulweni okanye igazi eligabhayo
• Ukopha rhoqo, kujika kube luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka nokuba kukho inxeba elincinci
• Ukurhawuzelela okunganyamezelekiyo emzimbeni wonke
• Iintende zibonakala zibomvu okanye zimnyama.
• I-spider angiomas (imithambo yegazi emincinci efana nesigcawu eluswini)
• Isisu sizaliswe ngamanzi kwaye isisu siyadumba (sibiza oku ngokuthi `(Ascites)`)

Oku kudluliselwa njani emntwini?

Lo ngumbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo. I-Hepatitis C idluliselwa kakhulu ngegazi . Oko kukuthi, idluliselwa xa igazi lomntu one-Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) lingena emzimbeni womnye umntu. Cinga ngayo njengokwabelana ngeenaliti ezisetyenziselwa ukujova iziyobisi.Kubikwa ukuba le yindlela ephambili edluliselwa ngayo oku kwiindawo ezininzi zehlabathi.

Kodwa kukho ezinye iindlela ezinokusasazeka ngazo:

• Usana lunokufumana i-hepatitis C kumama onayo (nokuba ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye ngexesha lokuzalwa).
• Ngaphambili, abantu babesosulelwa ngokutofelwa igazi elalingavavanywanga kakuhle. Kodwa ngoku loo mngcipheko uphantsi kakhulu, kuba igazi livavanywa ngokupheleleyo xa linikelwa.
• Ngamanye amaxesha, nakwiibhedlele, ukuba kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezingacocwanga kakuhle, zinokudluliselwa ngegazi (kodwa oku kunqabile kakhulu ngoku).
• Ungosuleleka ngokuthatha itattoo okanye ukugqobhoza umzimba usebenzisa izixhobo ezingacocwanga kakuhle . Kufuneka ulumke kakhulu ngale nto.
• Mhlawumbi ukuba wabelana ngerazor okanye ibrashi yamazinyo nomnye umntu onamabala egazi. Khawuthelekelele ukwabelana ngezinto ezinje phakathi kwabahlobo bakho kwigumbi lokulala, akunjalo? Kukho umngcipheko ukuba ufumana igazi kwinxeba elincinci.

Into ebalulekileyo kukuba, nokuba awunazo iimpawu kwaye ungazi ukuba une-hepatitis C, usenokuyisasaza. Kodwa khumbula, isasazeka kuphela ngegazi. Ayisasazekanga ngezinto ezifana namathe, ukubila, ukuxhawulana, okanye ukwabelana ngokutya.

Kwenzeka ntoni kuwe ukuba ufumana i-hepatitis C?

IHepatitis C ayichaphazeli wonke umntu ngendlela efanayo. Kwabanye abantu, malunga nama-30 kwi-100 , intsholongwane isuswa yinkqubo yabo yokuzikhusela xa beqala ukuyifumana (isigaba esikhawulezileyo). Oku kungathatha iinyanga ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, kubantu abaninzi (malunga nama-70 kwi-100), oku akwenzeki ngokwako. Emva kweenyanga zokulwa, umzimba ekugqibeleni uvelisa usulelo oluqhubekayo ngentsholongwane, olwaziwa ngokuba lusulelo 'olungapheliyo'.

Zithini iingxaki zokuba ne-hepatitis C ixesha elide?

Usulelo lwe-hepatitis C olungapheliyo luthetha ukuba isibindi sakho sinokuvuvukala okuqhubekayo. Oku kufana nesifo sesibindi esingapheliyo. Olu kuvuvukala okuqhubekayo konakalisa isibindi sakho kancinci kancinci kangangeminyaka emininzi. Ukuvaleka kwenzeka esibindini, nto leyo ethintela ukusebenza kwaso ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-cirrhosis . Le yimeko abantu abaninzi abayoyikayo. Xa i-cirrhosis iba mandundu, isibindi sinokungasebenzi ngokupheleleyo (ukusilela kwesibindi okungapheliyo).

I-cirrhosis kunye nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwesibindi kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezingakumbi, ezinje:

• Uxinzelelo oluphezulu kwimithambo yegazi edibene nesibindi (iPortal Hypertension)
• Umhlaza wesibindi

Oogqirha bayifumana njani le nto?

Ukuba ucinga ukuba une-hepatitis, okanye ukuba uneempawu zesifo sesibindi, kufuneka ubone ugqirha. Ugqirha uza kukuhlola aze ahlole ukudumba, ukuba tyheli kwamehlo, nezinye izinto.

Emva koko, uza kucelwa ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwegazi oluninzi. Ezona ziphambili zezi:

• Uvavanyo lwe-antibody: Olu vavanyo luhlola igazi lakho ukuba alinazo na ii-antibodies ezichasene nentsholongwane ye-hepatitis C. Ukuba oku kubonisiwe, kuqinisekisa ukuba wakha waba ne-hepatitis C.
• Uvavanyo lwe-RNA: Ukuba uvavanyo lwe-antibody luthi "lulungile", olu vavanyo lwenziwa ngokulandelayo. Lujonga ukuba intsholongwane isasebenza na emzimbeni wakho. Oko kukuthi, lunokuxelela ukuba umzimba wakho uzisusile na intsholongwane, okanye ukuba usasulelekile.
• Uvavanyo lwe-genotype: Kukho ubuncinane ii-genotypes ezintandathu eziphambili zentsholongwane ye-hepatitis C. Olu vavanyo lunokukuxelela ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwentsholongwane onayo. Oku kuya kunceda ugqirha wakho ukuba akukhethele unyango olulungele wena.
• Uvavanyo lokusebenza kwesibindi (ii-LFT): Olu vavanyo lujonga impilo yesibindi sakho iyonke.

Ukuba uvavanyo lwegazi lubonisa ukuba isibindi sakho sichaphazelekile, ugqirha wakho unokuyalela ezinye iimvavanyo ukuze kuphandwe ngakumbi ngomonakalo owenziwe kwisibindi sakho. Umzekelo omnye yi-ultrasound scan ebizwa ngokuba yi -Transient Elastography (Fibroscan) . Oku kunokulinganisa ukuqina kwesibindi, okanye ubungakanani bezilonda/i-fibrosis.

Zithini iindlela zonyango?

Ezi ziindaba ezimnandi ngokwenene! Ngoku kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu lwe-hepatitis C. Ezona ziphambili zisetyenziswayo ngamayeza 'asebenza ngqo kwi-antiviral' (DAA) . La ngamayeza athathwa njengeepilisi. Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kweshumi elinesibini zamayeza 'e-DAA' asebenza ngokuchasene neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zentsholongwane.

Nazi ezinye zeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokusebenzisa amayeza (ezi zinikwa ngugqirha):

• `Elbasvir/grazoprevir (Zepatier®)`
• `I-Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (Mavyret®)`
• ``Ledipasvir/sofosbuvir (Harvoni®)''
• ``Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (Epclusa®)''
• ``Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir (Vosevi®)''

Eli yeza linokuba nzima ukuba ulikhumbule, kodwa ugqirha uza kukukhetha iyeza elifanelekileyo kuwe.

Ukuba ubune-hepatitis C ixesha elide kwaye isibindi sakho sonakele kakhulu, unokufuna olunye unyango. Olunye lomonakalo lunokuguqulwa, kodwa olunye alunakukwazi. Unokufuna nokunyanga ezinye iziphumo zesifo sesibindi. Olu nyango lwe-'DAA' luhlala iinyanga ezimbini ukuya kwezintandathu. Kwabanye abantu, lunokuhlala ixesha elide.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Uninzi lwabantu alufumani ziphumo zimbi kakhulu kwezi ziyobisi ze-'DAA', kodwa abanye abantu banokufumana iziphumo ezingezizo ezingezizo.

• Ukungakhululeki kancinci kwesisu
• Urhudo
• Ukudinwa
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Isicaphucaphu
• Ngamanye amaxesha kunzima kancinci ukuphefumla

Ukuba kwenzeka into efana nale, kufuneka uxelele ugqirha.

Yintoni enye endinokuyenza ukukhusela isibindi sam?

Ukuba unesifo sesibindi, kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukuthintela ukonakala kwesibindi okungakumbi. Ezi zibalulekile nakwesiphi na isifo sesibindi, kungekuphela nje kwi-hepatitis C.

• Ukuba usela utywala, kufuneka uyeke ngokupheleleyo okanye unciphise kakhulu. Utywala lutshaba lwesibindi.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, zama ukuyeka nokutshaya.
• Ukuba awukafumani zitofu zeHepatitis A kunye neHepatitis B, zifumane. Kuba isibindi esisele sinesifo seHepatitis C sinokuba nzima ukusinyamezela ukuba sifumana olunye uhlobo lwehepatitis.
• Hlala unxibelelana nogqirha wakho rhoqo kwaye ulandele imiyalelo yakhe ngononophelo.

Awukwazi na ukuzikhusela kwi-hepatitis C?

Eyona ndlela yokuzikhusela koku kukuphepha ukufumana igazi elosulelekileyo . Okwangoku akukho gonyo lwe-hepatitis C. Izazinzulu ziyaphanda ngalo, kodwa ngenxa yokuba kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zale ntsholongwane kwaye itshintsha ngokukhawuleza, kunzima ukwenza igonyo elisebenzela wonke umntu.

Ngoko ke, kufuneka silumke malunga neendlela zokudlulisela esixoxe ngazo ngaphambili:

• Ukuba usebenzisa iziyobisi, musa ukwabelana ngeenaliti. (Enyanisweni, kungcono ukuyeka ngokupheleleyo ukusebenzisa iziyobisi.)
• Xa usenza iitattoo okanye ukugqobhoza umzimba, khetha iindawo ezisebenzisa izixhobo ezintsha nezicociweyo kuphela .
• Musa ukusebenzisa iireyiza okanye iibrashi zamazinyo zabanye abantu.

Ithini i-prognosis ye-hepatitis C?

Besithethe ngaphambili ngendlela abanye abantu, kwisigaba sokuqala sentsholongwane (isigaba esikhawulezileyo), abanokuphila ngayo ngokwabo. Kodwa kubantu abaninzi, iba lusulelo olungapheliyo. Nokuba awunazo iimpawu okanye uyazi ukuba unayo, i-hepatitis C engapheliyo iyaqhubeka nokonakalisa isibindi sakho ngokuhamba kwexesha. Yiyo loo nto kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo.

Kodwa, wakuba wazi ukuba unayo, akukho nto inokubangela uxhalaba ngayo. Kuba uninzi lwezifo ze-hepatitis C zinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo ngamayeza okulwa neentsholongwane akhoyo ngoku! Nokuba sele unexesha elingakanani na unesifo, sinokunyangeka.

Nangona kunjalo, kwabanye abantu, nasemva kokuba i-hepatitis C iphelile, omnye umonakalo kwisibindi (ingakumbi i-cirrhosis) usenokungaphindi ubuye. Malunga nama-20% abantu abanesifo kangangeminyaka engama-20-30 banokufumana lo monakalo ungaphinde ubuye.

Usenokumangaliswa kwaye ukhathazeke xa ufumanisa ukuba une-hepatitis C. Usenokungaziva ugula konke konke, kwaye usenokungazi nokuba uyifumene njani okanye nini. Kodwa ukwazi ukuba unayo kungcono kunokungazi. I-Hepatitis C sisifo esinokunyangwa. Kwaye ukuba iqatshelwe kwaye inyangwa kwangethuba, inokusindisa isibindi sakho ekonakaleni kwexesha elide.

Khumbula eyona nto ibalulekileyo (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Kulungile, ngoko ke, ngokwezinto esithethe ngazo, ezi zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uzikhumbule:

• IHepatitis C yintsholongwane eyonakalisa isibindi. Idla ngokungabonisi zimpawu ekuqaleni.
• Idluliselwa ikakhulu ngokutya igazi elisulelekileyo. Ingadluliselwa nangokwezinto ezifana nokusebenzisa iinaliti kunye nokwenza iitattoo/ukubhoboza ngezixhobo ezingabulawanga ziintsholongwane.
• Ngoku kukho unyango olusebenzayo kakhulu lwale (amayeza e-`DAA`). Inganyangeka ngokupheleleyo kwiinyanga ezimbalwa.
• Ukuba ucinga ukuba usenokuba usemngciphekweni, okanye ukuba uneempawu zesifo sesibindi, qiniseka ukuba ubona ugqirha ukuze akuhlole.
• Ukuba ifunyenwe kwaye inyangwa kwangethuba, umonakalo omkhulu kwisibindi (i-cirrhosis, umhlaza) unokuthintelwa.
• Musa ukoyika! Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufumana ulwazi nokulandela iingcebiso zonyango ezifanelekileyo.

Ukuba uneminye imibuzo malunga noku, ungabi nantloni uze ubuze ugqirha wakho. Hlala usempilweni!

IHepatitis C, isibindi, intsholongwane, iimpawu, unyango, ukosuleleka, isifo sesibindi, i-HCV, isifo sesibindi