Ngaba wakha waziva ubunzima, iqhuma elincinci, okanye ukuziva ugcwele phantsi kweembambo zakho kwicala lasekunene? Ngamanye amaxesha ezi zinokuba ziintlungu zegesi eziqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngamanye amaxesha zinokuba ziimpawu zesifo esibi sesibindi, esinye sezitho ezibalulekileyo emzimbeni wethu. Namhlanje sithetha ngeHepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), uhlobo lomhlaza oluqhelekileyo oluvela esibindini. Nangona eli gama lisenokuvakala liyoyikisa kwaye liyinkimbinkimbi xa uliva, ungakhathazeki. Masithethe ngale nto ngendlela elula enokuqondwa ngumntu wonke.
Yintoni le Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)?
Ngamafutshane, i-HCC lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo lomhlaza oluqala kwiiseli zesibindi. Luhlobo lomhlaza olunamandla kakhulu. Ludla ngokubonakala kubantu abasele benesifo sesibindi esingapheliyo, ingakumbi i-cirrhosis , imeko apho isibindi siba lukhuni kwaye sibe namanxeba, kwaye umsebenzi waso uyaphazamiseka. Kutshanje, i-HCC ikwabonakala rhoqo kubantu abane -metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), imeko ebangelwa kukuqokelelwa kwamafutha esibindini.
Enye yezinto ezibuhlungu ngalo mhlaza kukuba ukhula kancinci kakhulu kwizigaba zokuqala. Ngenxa yoko, kusenokungabikho zimpawu kwizigaba zokuqala. Unganyangeka kwizigaba zokuqala ngokususwa kwesi sifo ngotyando okanye ngokufakelwa isibindi. Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha uninzi lwabantu olufunyaniswa lunale sifo, umhlaza sele usasazekile kwaye ukwinqanaba apho unokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza. Ekugqibeleni, oku kunokukhokelela nasekungasebenzini kwesibindi. Kwimeko enjalo, ukunyanga oogqirha kuba nzima kakhulu.
Le meko imbi kakhulu kangangokuba ukuba unesifo sesibindi esifana ne-cirrhosis okanye i-MASLD, ugqirha wakho ngokuqinisekileyo uya kukujonga rhoqo ukuze abone ukuba unazo naziphi na iimpawu zomhlaza we-HCC.
Ixhaphake kangakanani le mhlaza?
Khawucinge ngoku: Ii-85 ukuya kwi-90 kwi-100 ze-cancers eziphambili esibindini yi-HCC. (Xa umhlaza usasazeka uye esibindini uvela kwenye indawo, siwubiza ngokuba ngumhlaza osasazekayo.) Ngumhlaza wesithandathu ofunyaniswa kakhulu kwihlabathi liphela kwaye ngowesithathu obangela ukufa ngenxa yomhlaza.
Ngaphezu koko, amadoda anamathuba amabini okanye amathathu okufumana esi sifo kunabafazi. Amaxesha amaninzi, abantu abafunyaniswe benaso baneminyaka engama-60 ubudala nangaphezulu.
Zithini iimpawu ze-HCC?
Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, iithumba ezinomhlaza zisenokungabangeli zimpawu kwasekuqaleni. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko umhlaza uqhubeka, unokuqala ukuva izinto ezifana nezi:
| Uphawu | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| Ukugcwala phantsi kwembambo yasekunene | Ukuziva ubunzima okanye iqhubu phantsi kweembambo kwicala lasekunene (oku kungaba luphawu lokwanda kwesibindi ). |
| Ukugcwala phantsi kwembambo yasekhohlo | Ukuziva ubunzima phantsi kweembambo kwicala lasekhohlo (oku kungaba luphawu lokuba ipleyini ikhulisiwe ). |
| Ukutyheli kolusu namehlo | Oku sihlala sikubiza ngokuba yi-jaundice . |
| Ukudumba kwesisu | Ukuziva uvuvukile ngokungathi isisu sigcwele amanzi. |
| Umnqweno wokutya | Andifuni kutya, ndiziva ndihluthi nokuba sele nditye kancinci. |
| Ukuhla ukusinda | Ukunciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo. |
| Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza | Ukucaphuka nokuhlanza okungapheliyo. |
| Ulusu olurhawuzelelayo | Ukurhawuzelelwa rhoqo emzimbeni wonke okanye kwiindawo ezithile. |
Kodwa khumbula oku. Ezi mpawu zinokubonakala nakwezinye izifo eziqhelekileyo. Ngoko ke musa ukoyika kuba unesinye okanye ezimbini kwezi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ezi mpawu ziyaqhubeka kangangeeveki ezingaphezu kwezimbini, kungcono ukubona ugqirha uze uhlolwe.
Kutheni umhlaza we-HCC uvela? Zithini izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?
Uninzi lwabantu abafunyaniswe bene-HCC (malunga nama-80%) bane-cirrhosis. Abanye abantu banokuba nalo mhlaza ngaphambi kokuba i-cirrhosis iqale. Kwezi meko, ukuba ayinyangwa, ukudumba okungapheliyo esibindini kunokukhokelela ekuqhekekeni okukhulu kwesibindi, okunokukhokelela kwi-HCC ekugqibeleni.
Kukho izinto ezibalulekileyo ezibangela umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza we-HCC.
| Into enobungozi | Oku kuyichaphazela njani? |
|---|---|
| Usulelo lweHepatitis B | Usulelo lwentsholongwane lusasazeka ngolwelo lomzimba. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo koku kukuba lunokubangela umhlaza we-HCC kwanangaphambi kokuba isifo sesibindi siqale. |
| Usulelo lweHepatitis C | Usulelo lwentsholongwane olusasazeka egazini. Oku konakalisa isibindi kwaye kwandisa umngcipheko womhlaza. |
| Isifo sesibindi esinamafutha (MASLD) | Ukuqokelelwa kwamafutha okungafunekiyo esibindini. Lo mngcipheko uphezulu ukuba unesifo sokutyeba kakhulu, isifo se-metabolic syndrome, okanye isifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini. |
| Ukusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo | Utywala yipilisi enzima ukuba isibindi sethu siyiginye. Ukusela kakhulu ixesha elide kunokonakalisa isibindi, nto leyo ekhokelela kwisifo sesibindi kunye nomhlaza wesibindi. |
Ukuba ukule qela lomngcipheko, ugqirha wakho uza kukujonga rhoqo iimpawu zalo mhlaza. Oku kunokukunceda ufumanise esi sifo kwangethuba kwaye usinyange. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunceda uyeke ukutshaya okanye ukusela utywala, kwaye ulawule izifo ezingapheliyo ezifana nosulelo lwe-hepatitis kunye nesifo seswekile.
Sichongwa njani esi sifo ngokuchanekileyo?
Xa ubona ugqirha, uza kuqala akuhlole ngokwasemzimbeni aze akubuze ngeempawu zakho, imbali yakho yezonyango, kunye nendlela ophila ngayo. Emva koko, banokwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa ukuba unesifo, ezifana nezi:
- Uvavanyo lwegazi: Igazi lakho liza kuhlolwa iimpawu zomhlaza. Ngokukodwa, amanqanaba eproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi -alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) ayahlolwa. Ukuba eli nqanaba liphezulu, linokuba luphawu lwe-HCC okanye imeko enokubangela ukuba kubekho isifo, njenge-hepatitis okanye i-cirrhosis.
- Iiskeni zemifanekiso: Iiskeni ezifana ne -ultrasound, i-computed tomography (CT) scan, i-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) , okanye i-angiography zinokubonisa ngokucacileyo iimpawu zethumba okanye iithumba ezingaphakathi kwesibindi.
- Uvavanyo lwesibindi: Kwezinye iimeko, ukuba iziphumo zeskeni azinalo ulwazi olwaneleyo, ugqirha uza kuthatha iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicwili esivela kwithumba lesibindi aze alihlole phantsi kwemicroscope ukuze abone ukuba kukho iiseli zomhlaza na. Nangona kunjalo, enye yeempawu ezikhethekileyo ze-HCC kukuba ukuba ithumba libonakala ngokucacileyo kwi-MRI okanye kwi-CT scan yomntu one-cirrhosis, ukuxilongwa kungenziwa ngaphandle kovavanyo lwe-biopsy .
Ziziphi iindlela zonyango ze-HCC?
Unyango lwe-HCC luxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza, impilo yesibindi iyonke, kunye nempilo yakho iyonke. Kukho iindlela ezininzi zonyango eziphambili.
| Indlela yonyango | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Utyando | Utyando lwesibindi (ukususwa kwenxalenye yesibindi apho umhlaza ukhoyo) okanye ukufakelwa kwesibindi (ukufakelwa kwesibindi) lunokwenziwa. Oku kungenziwa kuphela kwizigaba zokuqala zesifo. |
| Unyango lokukhupha isisu | Iiseli zomhlaza zitshatyalaliswa ngokuzitshisa ngobushushu obugqithisileyo (ii-microwave okanye amaza e-radiofrequency) okanye kubanda kakhulu kusetyenziswa inaliti ekhethekileyo. |
| Ukwakhiwa kwe-embolization | Imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi kwithumba iyavalwa. Ngamanye amaxesha amayeza okulwa nomhlaza (i-chemoembolization) okanye imbewu encinci ene-radioactive (i-radioembolization) ithunyelwa ngezi zinto. |
| Unyango ngemitha | Iithumba ezincinci ezingenakususwa ngotyando zitshatyalaliswa yimitha enamandla aphezulu. I-SBRT (unyango lwemitha yomzimba ye-Stereotactic) yindlela ekhethekileyo esetyenziselwa oku. |
| Unyango lwe-immunotherapy | Sinika amayeza avuselela inkqubo yomzimba yethu yokuzikhusela, esivumela ukuba ikwazi ukubona nokuhlasela iiseli zomhlaza. |
| Unyango olujoliswe kulo | Kunikwa amayeza akhethekileyo avala iindlela zokuhambisa imiyalezo ezivumela iiseli zomhlaza ukuba zikhule kwaye zahlukane. |
Ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba uthathe inxaxheba kuvavanyo lweklinikhi oluvavanya unyango olutsha. Banokubonelela ngonyango lokuthomalalisa iimpawu ukunceda ukulawula iimpawu, ukunciphisa ukungonwabi kwakho, nokwenza ubomi bakho bube lula.
Ngaba esi sifo sinokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo?
Ukususwa kwesi sifo ngotyando okanye ukufakelwa isibindi zezona ndlela zilungileyo zokunyanga ngokupheleleyo. Nokuba utyando alunakwenzeka, kukho ezinye iindlela zonyango ezinokunciphisa iimpawu, zinciphise ukukhula komhlaza, kwaye zikuncede uphile ixesha elide.
Ngokwezibalo, izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu kubantu abanesi sifo liyi-21% kuphela. Kodwa ungoyiki oku. Oku akufani kuye wonke umntu. Kunokwahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho, kwinqanaba lomhlaza, impilo yesibindi sakho, kunye nendlela osabela ngayo kunyango. Isigulana ngasinye sahlukile. Ke ngoko, ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokukunika umbono ongcono wento onokuyilindela ngokusekelwe kwimeko yakho.
Yintoni esinokuyenza ukuthintela umhlaza we-HCC?
Kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wakho wokuba nalo mhlaza:
- Gonyelwa iHepatitis B. Ukuba sele usulelekile, jongana nogqirha rhoqo.
- Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba wosulelwe yiHepatitis C, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza. Esi sisifo esinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo ngoku ngamayeza.
- Iimeko zokulawula ezinxulumene nesifo sesibindi esinamafutha (i-MASLD). Kubaluleke kakhulu ukulawula ubunzima bomzimba ngokutya okunempilo kunye nokuzilolonga.
- Kuphephe ngokupheleleyo ukusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo.
- Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka ngoko nangoko.
Ndifanele ndimbone nini ugqirha? Zeziphi imibuzo endifanele ndizibuze zona?
Ukuba uneempawu ezikhankanyiweyo apha ngasentla kangangeeveki ezingaphezu kwezimbini, okanye ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mandundu, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba ukwiqela elisengozini, musa ukulibaleka uvavanyo oluchazwe ngugqirha wakho. Khumbula, xa esi sifo sifunyanwa kwangethuba, kokukhona unyango luya kuphumelela.
Nazi ezinye zemibuzo ebalulekileyo ekufuneka uyibuze ugqirha wakho:
* Isibindi sam sisebenza kakuhle kangakanani?
* Umhlaza wam ukwinqanaba elingakanani?
* Ngaba oku kunganyangeka ngokupheleleyo?
* Ziziphi iindlela zonyango endinazo?
* Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango ngalunye?
* Unyango luza kuyichaphazela njani ubomi bam bemihla ngemihla?
* Singazi njani ukuba unyango luphumelele?
Kuqhelekile ukuziva usoyika, uxhalabile, kwaye udidekile xa ufunda ngesifo esinzulu njenge-HCC. Kodwa awuwedwa kolu hambo. Qonda unyango lwakho kunye nemiphumo yalo. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nosapho lwakho, abahlobo, kunye nogqirha. Olu luhambo olunzima, kodwa ngolwazi olufanelekileyo, inkxaso, kunye nonyango, ungamelana nalo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lolona hlobo lomhlaza wesibindi luqhelekileyo nolukhula ngokukhawuleza.
- Le meko idla ngokuvela kubantu abasele benesifo sesibindi, ingakumbi isifo sesibindi.
- Qaphela iimpawu ezinje ngobunzima phantsi kwembambo yasekunene, i-jaundice, ukudumba kwesisu, kunye nokwehla kobunzima. Ukuba ezi zinto ziqhubeka ixesha elingaphezu kweeveki ezimbini, bona ugqirha.
- IHepatitis B/C, ukusela utywala ngokugqithisileyo, kunye nesifo sesibindi esinamafutha (i-MASLD) zezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela umngcipheko.
- Ukuba isifo sifunyenwe kwangethuba, unyango olupheleleyo lunokufumaneka ngotyando okanye ngokufakelwa isibindi.
- Ukuba unemibuzo okanye amathandabuzo ngale nto, ungaze uyityeshele. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho.
💬 Comments (0)
Akukho zimvo zithunyelweyo okwangoku. Faka uluvo lwakho apha okokuqala.
Faka uluvo lwakho