Ingaba ungumama ozibuza ukuba ufanele unike intombi okanye unyana wakho ugonyo lwe-HPV? Okanye uloyiko okanye uyathandabuza kuba ungazi nto ingako ngalo gonyo? Olu gonyo yeyona ndlela ilungileyo nekhuselekileyo yokuzikhusela kwintsholongwane ye-HPV, ebangela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, eminye imihlaza eyingozi, kunye neentsholongwane zesini. Ngoko ke, masifumane iimpendulo kuyo yonke imibuzo yakho malunga nalo namhlanje.
Okokuqala, yintoni i-HPV?
Ngamafutshane, i-HPV imele iHuman Papillomavirus. Sisifo esisasazeka ngokwabelana ngesondo esixhaphakileyo (STI) . Sisasazeka kakhulu ngokunxibelelana ngolusu nolusu ngexesha lokwabelana ngesondo. Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwama-40 ze-HPV. Sixhaphake kakhulu kangangokuba malunga nama-80% abantu ababelana ngesondo baya kufumana esi sifo ngaxesha lithile ebomini babo. Kodwa uninzi lwexesha, amajoni omzimba asempilweni anokulwa nentsholongwane aze ayisuse.
Kodwa ezinye izifo ze-HPV azipheli lula. Zinokuhlala emzimbeni zize ekugqibeleni zibe ngumhlaza . Umzekelo, i-HPV yeyona nto ibangela uninzi lomhlaza wesibeleko kunye nomhlaza wamalungu esini. Ikwayintsholongwane ebangela iintsumpa zamalungu esini.
Yiyo loo nto ukufumana isitofu se-HPV kubaluleke kangaka. Yindlela ekhuselekileyo nesebenzayo yokuthintela usulelo ukuba ukhe wachanabeka kwintsholongwane.
Luluphi ukhuseleko olubonelelwa yi-HPV vaccine?
Isitofu sokugonya se-HPV sithintela usulelo lwe-HPV olunokukhokelela kumhlaza okanye kwiintsumpa zesini. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula oku: Isitofu sokugonya sisenzo sokuthintela, asilonyango. Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba sele wosulelwe luhlobo oluthile lwe-HPV, isitofu sokugonya asinakunyanga olo sulelo.
Nangona kunjalo, isitofu singakukhusela kwezinye iintlobo ze-HPV ongazange uzibone ngaphambili. Ezi ziquka zombini iintlobo ezinobungozi obukhulu kunye neentlobo ezinobungozi obuphantsi ezibangela umhlaza.
Isitofu sokugonya se-HPV sithintela ezi meko zilandelayo:
- Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko
- Umhlaza wesisu
- Umhlaza weVulvar
- Umhlaza wepenis
- Umhlaza wempundu
- Umhlaza womlomo
- Iintsumpa zesini
Iintlobo zemithi yokugonya esetyenziswa eSri Lanka nakwihlabathi liphela
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemithi yokugonya ye-HPV. Ayizizo zonke ezibonelela ngokhuseleko olufanayo. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.
| Igama lesitofu sokugonya | Iintlobo ze-HPV ezibonelela ngokhuseleko | Iimeko Zezifo Ezinokuthintelwa |
|---|---|---|
| I-Gardasil-9 | I-HPV-16, 18 (inobungozi obukhulu bomhlaza) I-HPV-31, 33, 45, 52, 58 (umngcipheko owongezelelweyo womhlaza) I-HPV-6, 11 (yeentsholongwane zesini) | Yeyona nto ifumaneka kakhulu, ithintela ama-90% omhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kunye nama-90% eentsumpa zesini. |
| I-Gardasil | I-HPV-16, 18 I-HPV-6, 11 | Ithintela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ngama-70% kunye neentsumpa zesini ngama-90%. |
| I-Cervarix | I-HPV-16, 18 | Ikhusela kuphela kwiintlobo zomhlaza ezinobungozi obukhulu. Ayithinteli iintsumpa zesini. |
Okwangoku, kusetyenziswa ugonyo lweGardasil-9 kuphela kumazwe afana ne-United States. Lubonelela ngokhuseleko olukhulu. Olu gonyo lufumaneka phantsi kwenkqubo yokugonya karhulumente waseSri Lanka nakwicandelo labucala.
Ngubani ofanele afumane olu gonyo?
Kungcono ukuba wonke umntu, amadoda nabafazi, afumane isitofu ngaphambi kokuba abe nesondo. Khumbula, isitofu sinokukukhusela kuphela kwiintlobo ze-HPV ongekasulelwa zizo. Yiyo loo nto kucetyiswa ukuba usifumane usemncinci.
- Abantwana abaneminyaka eli-11 ukuya kweli-12: Injongo kukugoma abantwana ngaphambi kokuba baqalise ukwabelana ngesondo kwaye basesichengeni sokufumana intsholongwane. Inganikwa ngokukhuselekileyo abantwana abaneminyaka eli-9 ubudala. Kule minyaka, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela inamandla kakhulu kwaye isitofu siphendula kakuhle.
- Abantu abaselula ukuya kuthi ga kwiminyaka engama-26 ubudala:Abo bangazange bakwazi ukugqiba uthotho lwezitofu zokugonywa besengabantwana okanye abangazange bazifumane banokuzifumana de babe neminyaka engama-26 ubudala.
- Abanye abantu abadala abaneminyaka engama-45 ubudala: Abantu abaneminyaka engama-45 ubudala ngoku banokuyifumana i-vaccine. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba iza kukunceda kangakanani na ixhomekeke kwimbali yakho yesondo. Umzekelo, ukuba ubunamaqabane ambalwa kakhulu esondo ngaphambili, ukufumana i-vaccine kunokubonelela ngokhuseleko oluthile kwixesha elizayo. Kungcono ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto uze wenze isigqibo.
Ngubani ongafanele afumane isitofu sokugonya?
- Abafazi abakhulelweyo: Ekubeni kungekho uphando olwaneleyo malunga nokhuseleko lwegonyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa, kungcono ukufumana igonyo emva kokuba ukhulelwe. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ufumanisa ngokungazi ukuba ukhulelwe emva kokufumana idosi enye yegonyo, ungakhathazeki. Akukho ngxelo zeengxaki ngexesha lokukhulelwa ezibangelwa yigonyo le-HPV.
- Abantu abakhe baba ne-allergy kwidosi yangaphambili: Xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba ukhe waba ne-allergy kwi-HPV vaccine yangaphambili. Xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba unesifo esibi kakhulu kwizinto ezifana ne-yeast okanye i-latex.
- Abantu abanesifo esiphakathi okanye esinzima okwangoku, njengomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane: Kungcono ulinde ude uphile ngokupheleleyo ngaphambi kokuba ufumane isitofu sokugonya.
Ithini ishedyuli yokugonywa?
Olu gonyo lunikwa njengoluhlu lweedosi ezahlukeneyo. Inani leedosi limiselwa bubudala ngexesha lokugonywa kokuqala.
- Iminyaka eyi-9 ukuya kweyi-15: Kufuneka iidosi ezimbini ukuze kukhuselwe ngokupheleleyo. Idosi yesibini kufuneka inikwe kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kweziyi-12 emva kwedosi yokuqala.
- Iminyaka eli-15 nangaphezulu: Kufuneka iidosi ezintathu ukuze kukhuselwe ngokupheleleyo. Idosi yesibini kufuneka inikwe emva kwenyanga e-1-2 emva kweyokuqala, kwaye idosi yesithathu kufuneka inikwe emva kweenyanga ezi-6 emva kweyokuqala.
Kubalulekile: Ukuba amasosha omzimba wakho abuthathaka, kufuneka ufumane lonke uthotho lweedosi ezintathu zezitofu, nokuba uneminyaka emingaphi.
Ingaba kubalulekile na ukuba abafana bafumane olu gonyo?
Ewe ngokwenene! Abantu abaninzi bacinga ukuba olu gonyo lubaluleke kakhulu kumantombazana kuba luthintela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Loo nto ayilunganga ngokupheleleyo .
Nangona amadoda engafumani umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, i-HPV inokubangela umhlaza womqala, welungu lobudoda kunye nomhlaza wempundu . Inokubangela neentsumpa zesini. Ukugonywa kunokukhusela kuzo zonke ezi zinto.
Okubaluleke ngakumbi, indoda egonyiweyo inciphisa umngcipheko wokudlulisela intsholongwane ye-HPV kwiqabane layo elizayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba izikhusela yona kunye neqabane layo kwingozi yomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.
Imibuzo neempendulo ezibuzwa rhoqo
Ngaba kusafuneka ndenze uvavanyo lwePap nokuba sele ndifumene i-HPV vaccine?
Ewe ngokwenene! Nokuba sele ugonyiwe, kubalulekile ukuba ufumane uvavanyo lwePap rhoqo kunye novavanyo lweHPV. Kuba nangona la mayeza akhusela kwiintlobo zeHPV ezinobungozi obukhulu, awakhuseli kuzo zonke iintlobo ezibangela umhlaza. Ke ngoko, ukuba umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko uza kubonwa kwaye unyangwe kwasekuqaleni, kubalulekile ukuba uvavanywe.
Ukuba ndikhe ndane-HPV ngaphambili, ngaba kuyavakala ukuba ndifumane isitofu?
Yinto omele uyixoxe nogqirha wakho. Nangona isitofu sokugonya singayi kunyanga usulelo olukhoyo, sinokukukhusela kwezinye iintlobo ze-HPV ongakhange uzibone. Ukuba ukhe waba namaqabane amaninzi esondo, isitofu sokugonya sisenokungasebenzi kakuhle. Ngoko ke, thetha nogqirha wakho ukuze wenze isigqibo esifanelekileyo.
Kutheni abanye abazali besoyika ukunika abantwana babo olu gonyo?
Abanye abazali bayala ukugonywa ngenxa yolwazi olungeyonyani kunye neentsomi. Umzekelo, abanye boyika ukuba abantwana baza kuba neentlobano zesini kwakamsinya emva kokufumana igonyo. Oku akulunganga kwaphela. Umntwana akagqibi ekubeni abe neentlobano zesini ngenxa yegonyo. Izizathu zentlalo nezengqondo eziphembelela oku zinzima kakhulu.
Okwenzekayo ngokwenene kukuba olu gonyo luza kusindisa ubomi bomntwana wakho ngokumkhusela kwizifo ezibulalayo ezifana nomhlaza xa engena kubomi bokwabelana ngesondo obusempilweni kubantu abadala kwixesha elizayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Isitofu sokugonya se-HPV yindlela esebenzayo kakhulu yokuthintela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zomhlaza, kubandakanya umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, umhlaza womphimbo, umhlaza womva, kunye neentsumpa zangasese.
- Oku kubaluleke ngokulinganayo kumantombazana nakumakhwenkwe. Ubudala obufanelekileyo yiminyaka eli-11-12, kodwa ingathathwa kamva ukuba uyafuna.
- Le yindlela yokuthintela, ayilonyango losulelo olukhoyo.
- Nokuba bagonyiwe, kusayimfuneko ukuba abafazi benze uvavanyo lwePap ngamaxesha amiselweyo.
- Ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho nineenkxalabo okanye uloyiko malunga nokugonywa, xoxani ngazo ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wenu nize nenze isigqibo esifanelekileyo.
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