Masifunde ngakumbi nge-hydrocephalus, ukuqokelelana kwamanzi entlokweni.

Ngaba wakha weva "ngamanzi agcwalisa intloko yakho"? Mhlawumbi omnye wamalungu osapho lwakho, umhlobo, okanye umntwana omncinci ukhe waba nale meko. Yintoni kanye kanye? Nangona isenokubonakala ithusa kancinci, ukuba unolwazi olufanelekileyo, unganciphisa iingxaki ezininzi. Namhlanje sithetha ngale meko ibizwa ngokuba yiHydrocephalus .

Yintoni iHydrocephalus?

Ngamafutshane, i-hydrocephalus kukuqokelelana okungaqhelekanga kolwelo ngaphakathi kwengqondo yakho . Igama elithi "Hydro" lithetha "amanzi" ngesiGrike kwaye elithi "cephalus" lithetha "intloko." Lalibizwa ngokuba "ngamanzi entloko." Kodwa la "manzi" eneneni lulwelo olucacileyo, olungenambala olubizwa ngokuba yi-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) . Olu lwelo lujikeleze ingqondo yakho kunye nomqolo.

Khawuthelekelele, ngaphakathi kwengqondo yethu kukho amagumbi amancinci abizwa ngokuba zii-ventricles . Olu lwelo lwe-CSF luhamba phakathi kwala magumbi. Olu lwelo lwe-CSF lunika ingqondo izondlo ezifunekayo kwaye lususa inkunkuma engqondweni. Kwakhona, olu lwelo lwe-CSF lujikeleza ingqondo yethu kunye nomqolo njengomqamelo, luyikhusela kuyo nayiphi na ingozi . Emva koko olu lwelo lwe-CSF lubuyela egazini lethu.

Ngokwesiqhelo, umzimba wethu uvelisa umlinganiselo we-CSF owufunayo yonke imihla uze uphinde uwufunxe umlinganiselo ofanayo. Yinkqubo elungeleleneyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba kukho naluphi na uthintelo ekuphumeni okanye ekufunxweni kolu lwelo lwe-CSF , ingxaki iqala. Xa oku kusenzeka, ulwelo lwe-CSF luqala ukuqokelelana, kwaye ii-ventricles zobuchopho ziba nkulu. Oku kwandisa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwentloko. Xa olu xinzelelo lusanda, ingqondo ayikwazi ukusebenza kakuhle.

Ngubani onokuhlakulela i-hydrocephalus?

Ngokwezibalo eMelika, umntwana omnye okanye ababini kwi-1,000 nganye ezelweyo banokuzalwa benale meko. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka sikhumbule ukuba oku akupheleli nje kwiintsana ezincinci, kodwa kunokuchaphazela nabantwana abadala, abantu abadala, abantu abadala, kunye nabani na wanoma yimuphi ubudala .

Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-hydrocephalus?

Kukho iintlobo ezine eziphambili ze-hydrocephalus. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi.

1. Ukunxibelelana ngeHydrocephalus:

Oku kwenzeka xa ulwelo lwe-CSF, emva kokuba luphumile kwiiventricle zobuchopho, luvalekile ndaweni ithile endleleni oluhamba ngayo. Oku kusenokubangelwa kukutyeba kwee-membranes ezisezantsi kobuchopho, njenge -arachnoid . Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-"communicating" kuba ulwelo lwe-CSF lusakwazi ukuhamba phakathi kweeventricle zobuchopho, oko kuthetha ukuba iiventricle zivulekile.

2. I-Hydrocephalus engathethiyo / I-Hydrocephalus ethintela ukukhulelwa:

Okwenzekayo koku kukuba imithambo emincinci enye okanye ezingaphezulu ezidibanisa iiventricle zobuchopho zivalekile, njengombhobho wamanzi obhajwa embindini.

3. Uxinzelelo oluQhelekileyo lweHydrocephalus (NPH):

Oku kwahlukile kancinci. Nalapha, ulwelo lwe-CSF luyaqokelelana kwaye ii-ventricles zobuchopho ziba nkulu, kodwa uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwentloko alunyuki ngequbuliso, okanye lunyuke kancinci kakhulu. Umahluko kwi-NPH xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo kukuba, nangona ulwelo lwe-CSF lugqithisile, uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwii-ventricles lukwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo. Olu lwelo lwe-CSF luqokelelana kancinci, ngoko ke iimpawu ziyavela ngokuhamba kwexesha. I-NPH ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala.

4. I-Hydrocephalus ex-vacuo:

Oku kwenzeka xa ingqondo yonakele, njengokwenzakala entloko okanye isifo sohlangothi . Xa oku kusenzeka, izicubu zengqondo ezijikeleze iiventricle zengqondo ziyancipha. Ulwelo lwe-CSF luyaqokelelana ukuze luzalise indawo. Nangona iiventricle zande, uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwengqondo luhlala luqhelekile.

Xa uthetha ngale nto, usenokuliva negama elithi ventriculomegaly . Oku kuthetha ukuba iiventricles zobuchopho bomntwana ongekazalwa zikhulile. Oku kusenokubangelwa yi-hydrocephalus, kodwa la magumbi anokukhula ngenxa yezinye izizathu.

Zithini izizathu ze-hydrocephalus?

I-Hydrocephalus inokukhula ngezizathu ezahlukeneyo. Ingazalwa okanye ifunyanwe .

Izizathu zeCongenital Hydrocephalus:

Oku kunokubangelwa kukudibana kwezinto ezibangela ufuzo kunye nokusingqongileyo ngelixa umntwana esakhula esibelekweni. Ezona zizathu ziphambili zezi:

• I-spina bifida kunye nezinye iziphene ze-neural tube yengqondo kunye nomgogodla.
• I-Aqueductal stenosis kukuncitshiswa kwendlela ephakathi kwe-ventricle yesithathu neyesine yobuchopho.
• Iingxaki zokuzalwa ngaphambi kwexesha, umzekelo, ukopha ngaphakathi kwamagumbi obuchopho.
• Izifo ezifana ne -rubella ezifunyanwa ngumama ngexesha lokukhulelwa zinokubangela ukudumba kwezicubu zobuchopho bomntwana.

Izizathu ze-hydrocephalus efunyenweyo:

Oku kungenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha emva kokuzalwa, nakweyiphi na iminyaka. Izizathu eziphambili zezi:

• Ukulimala kakhulu entloko (ukwenzakala entloko).
• Istroke.
• Iithumba ezikhula engqondweni okanye emgogodleni.
• Usulelo lobuchopho okanye umqolo, olufana ne -meningitis .

Ukongeza, i-hydrocephalus yoxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo (i-NPH) inokukhula ngenxa yokopha okanye iingxaki ezivela kutyando. Abanye abantu bakhula i-NPH ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo.

Ziziphi iimpawu zeHydrocephalus?

Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokweminyaka, inkqubela phambili yesifo, kunye nendlela umntu anyamezela ngayo ukuqokelelwa kolwelo lwe-CSF.

Iimpawu kwiintsana:

• Intloko yomntwana inkulu ngokungaqhelekanga.
• I-fontanel ephezu kwentloko yomntwana ibonakala ngathi ivuvukele .
• Amehlo omntwana ajonge ezantsi, ebonakala ngathi ilanga liyatshona (amehlo atshona ilanga) .
• Ukuhlanza .
• Ukozela nokudinwa rhoqo .

Iimpawu kubantwana abadala:

• Intloko ebuhlungu.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Ukuphazamiseka kokubona (umz. ukubona kabini, ukubona okufipheleyo).
• Ukulibaziseka kokukhula (umz., ukuthetha okulibazisekileyo, ukuhamba, iingxaki zokufunda).

Iimpawu kubantu abadala:

• Intloko ebuhlungu.
• Isicaphucaphu nokuhlanza.
• Ukukhubazeka kokubona.
• Ndihlala ndiziva ndidiniwe.
• Iingxaki zokulinganisela kunye nokulungelelanisa (umz., ukugxadazela xa uhamba).
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo yexesha elifutshane (umz. ukulibala iziganeko zakutshanje).

Iimpawu kubantu abadala (ngokuqhelekileyo kwi-NPH):

• Ukuphazamiseka kwendlela yokuhamba (umz., ukuhamba ngamanyathelo amancinci kunye nemilenze eqelelene, ngobunzima).
• Iimpawu ezisisiseko zesifo sengqondo esixhalabisayo kukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo kancinci kancinci.
• Ukulibala.
• Ukulahlekelwa kulawulo lwesinyi.

Ifunyanwa njani i-Hydrocephalus?

Oku kuchongwa ngovavanyo lwemithambo-luvo. Ugqirha wakho angasebenzisa iindlela zokuthatha imifanekiso ezifana ne -ultrasound scan, i-computer tomography (CT scan), okanye i-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan ukuze ahlole ubuchopho bakho.

Kwenziwa uvavanyo olongezelelekileyo ukuze kuchongwe le meko kubantu abadala. Nazi:

• Ukubhoboza umqolo/umqolo.
• Ukubeka esweni uxinzelelo lwengqondo ngaphakathi kwentloko (ICP): Kule nto, kufakwa isixhobo esincinci engqondweni ukuze kulinganiswe uxinzelelo olungaphakathi kwengqondo.
• Uvavanyo lweFundoscopic: Oku kuquka ukuhlola umthambo wokubona ngaphakathi kweliso ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo.

Ngaba i-hydrocephalus iba ngcono nje?

Hayi. Le yimeko nje engayi kuba ngcono.Ukuba ayinyangwa, inokuba yingozi ebomini. Ngoko ke, ukuba isifo siqatshelwe kwangethuba kwaye sinyangwa ngempumelelo, amathuba okuchacha aphezulu kakhulu.

Ngaba iHydrocephalus inganyangwa?

Ewe. I-Hydrocephalus inokunyangeka. Nangona okwangoku kungekho ndlela yokuyinyanga ngokupheleleyo okanye ukuyithintela ukuba ingakhuli, inyangwa ngotyando.

Iphathwa njani iHydrocephalus?

Unyango olukhoyo ngoku lutyando lobuchopho . Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zotyando lokunyanga i-hydrocephalus:

1. Ukubeka iShunt:

Olu lolona nyango luqhelekileyo. I-shunt yityhubhu eguquguqukayo efakwa ngaphakathi kwengqondo kwaye ithwala ulwelo lwe-CSF olugqithisileyo iye kwelinye icala lomzimba (ngokuqhelekileyo umngxuma wesisu). Apho, ulwelo lufunxwa emzimbeni. Cinga ngayo njengokufaka ityhubhu ngempumlo yakho ukuze kukhutshwe amanzi angaphezulu.

2. I-Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy (ETV):

Kolu tyando, kwenziwa umngxuma omncinci ezantsi kwe-ventricle yesithathu yobuchopho. Oku kudala indlela yokuba ulwelo lwe-CSF luhambe ngokuqhelekileyo lungene kwaye lujikeleze ingqondo. Olu tyando ludla ngokwenziwa kubantwana abangaphezu kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala.

Ziziphi iingxaki zonyango lwe-hydrocephalus?

Abantu abaninzi baphila kakuhle iminyaka emininzi ngaphandle kweengxaki. Nangona kunjalo, iingxaki zinokuvela ngequbuliso. Abantu abane-shunt kufuneka bahlolwe rhoqo ngugqirha. I-shunt inokwaphuka, iyeke ukusebenza kakuhle, okanye yosulelwe. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, unokufuna olunye utyando lobuchopho. Isithuba esenziwe yi-ETV surgery sinokuvalwa kwakhona nangaliphi na ixesha, nto leyo eyingozi.

Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu zengxaki ye-shunt okanye ukuvaleka kwe-ETV, kufuneka ufune uncedo lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Ezi mpawu zinokufana neempawu zokuqala ze-hydrocephalus:

>

* Intloko ebuhlungu

* Ukuphazamiseka kokubona

* Isicaphucaphu okanye ukuhlanza

* Ndihlala ndidiniwe

Okanye iimpawu ezintsha ezifana nezi zinokuza:

>

* Intlungu yemisipha entanyeni okanye emagxeni

* Ukuxhuzula

* Ububomvu okanye intlungu xa ichukunyiswa kwindawo ye-shunt

* Umkhuhlane ophantsi

Liyintoni ikamva lomntu one-hydrocephalus?

Ngotyando, unyango olufanelekileyo, kunye nokuhlolwa rhoqo kwezonyango, uninzi lwabantu abane-hydrocephalus banokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobonwabisayo.Nangona kunjalo, le meko kunye neengxaki ezinokuvela ngenxa yotyando zinokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Kungoko ke, kubalulekile ukusebenzisana nogqirha wakho ukuze ufumane unyango olufunekayo kunye neengcebiso.

Ingakumbi xa abantwana benesifo se-hydrocephalus, oku kunokuchaphazela uphuhliso lwabo lwengqondo nolwemizimba. Ngenxa yoko, abazali babantwana abane-hydrocephalus kufuneka bathethe noogqirha babo baze basebenzele ukufumana iziphumo ezilungileyo kumntwana wabo.

Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko xa ufumanisa ukuba umntu omthandayo une-hydrocephalus. Kodwa khumbula, awuwedwa. Ugqirha wakho angakunika wena nosapho lwakho inkxaso nolwazi olufunekayo. Ngolwazi olufanelekileyo, ucwangciso, kunye nesenzo, iphupha lomntu omthandayo lokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo nobonwabisayo linokuzaliseka.

Umyalezo Wokugqibela Wokuya Ekhaya

I-Hydrocephalus yimeko apho ulwelo lwe-CSF luqokelelana ngaphakathi kwengqondo. Ingakhula nakubantu banoma luphi na ubudala.

• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela iimpawu kwangethuba. Ingakumbi ukuba intloko yomntwana wakho iyakhula, isithsaba siyavuvukala, okanye amehlo akhe ejonge ezantsi, mse kugqirha ngokukhawuleza.
• Le yimeko enokunyangeka ngotyando . Utyando oluphambili lolona hlobo lonyango luphambili lokufaka i-shunt okanye utyando lwe-ETV.
• Ulawulo lwezonyango luhlala luyimfuneko emva konyango, njengoko iingxaki nge-shunt zinokubakho.
• Ungakhathazeki. Ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye neengcebiso zonyango, uninzi lwabantu lunokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo.
• Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo unezi mpawu, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi luluncedo kuwe. Hlala usempilweni!

I- Hydrocephalus, amanzi engqondweni, i-CSF, ulwelo lomgogodla, i-shunt, i-ETV, utyando lobuchopho