Ngaba uphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni? Masifunde ngqo malunga nokuncipha kwe-hypovolemia!

Ngaba wakha waziva ngathi uza kufa isiyezi okanye unesizungu? Okanye mhlawumbi emva kwengozi enkulu, okanye emva kweentsuku zokuhlanza kakhulu okanye urhudo, sithi "ulahlekelwe yiyo yonke imichiza yakho." Ngamaxesha anje, ubungakanani bolwelo emzimbeni wakho, ingakumbi igazi lakho, bunokwehla kakhulu. Le yimeko esiza kuthetha ngayo namhlanje, ebizwa ngokuba yi-hypovolemia. Le ayisiyonto ilula, kwaye ukuba awuyihoyi, inokuba yingozi ebomini. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha.

Yintoni iHypovolemia?

Ngamafutshane, i-hypovolemia iyenzeka xa umzimba wakho ungenalo ulwelo olwaneleyo, ingakumbi igazi, ukugcina inkqubo yakho yokujikeleza kwegazi ihamba kakuhle. "Ulwelo" lungabandakanyi amanzi kuphela, kodwa ne-plasma, inxalenye ebalulekileyo yegazi lakho, kunye nolwelo lwe-lymphatic. I-lymph lulwelo olukhethekileyo oluzaliswe ziiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezinceda ekususeni iityhefu kunye nenkunkuma emzimbeni.

Cinga nje, malunga ne-50% ukuya kwi-60% yobunzima bomzimba wethu buyilwelo. Ngoko ke kule meko ye-hypovolemia, ngaphezulu kwe-15% yomthamo wolwelo olupheleleyo emzimbeni wakho uyancitshiswa. Le yimeko ngokuqinisekileyo efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. Kuba ukuba ayinyangwa, kukho amathuba aphezulu okonakala kwamalungu ethu abalulekileyo, ukothuka, okanye nokufa.

Ngoko ke yintoni i-hypovolemic shock? Ingaba iyingozi?

Ewe, iHypovolemic Shock lolona hlobo lubi noluyingozi lweHypovolemia. Le yimeko efuna unyango olungxamisekileyo. Okwenzekayo apha kukuba intliziyo ayikwazi ukupompa igazi emzimbeni wonke ngenxa yolwelo oluninzi okanye ukulahleka kwegazi. Cinga ngayo njengenjini engenamanzi. Ngenxa yale Hypovolemic Shock, amalungu omzimba angaqala ukungasebenzi kakuhle ngamanye.

Ukudumba kwe-Hypovolemic kudla ngokuvela xa umntu elahlekelwa ngaphezu kwama-20% olwelo lomzimba wakhe ngaxeshanye. Oku kunokubangelwa kukwenzakala okukhulu (ukusikeka okukhulu, ukutsha), ukopha ngaphakathi, okanye iintsuku zokuhlanza okanye urhudo olunzima.

Ngubani onokuba nethuba elikhulu lokufumana i-hypovolemia? Ingaba yimeko eqhelekileyo?

Enyanisweni, nabani na angafumana le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-hypovolemia. Nangona kungekho zibalo zichanekileyo zokuba ixhaphake kangakanani, ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abanezifo ezingalindelekanga, abo baye bavelelwa ziingozi ezinkulu, kunye nabaguli abagula kakhulu kwiiyunithi zokhathalelo oluphezulu.

I-hypovolemia iyichaphazela njani imizimba yethu?

Ukuze ilungu ngalinye emzimbeni wethu lisebenze kakuhle, kufuneka lifumane ulwelo olufanelekileyo, oluligazi. Kufana neentyatyambo ezikwigadi. Xa kungekho mvula, iintyatyambo ziyabuna ngaphandle kwamanzi, akunjalo? Ngendlela efanayo, imizimba yethu "inobuna" xa ingenalo ulwelo. Ukuba ugqirha ufumanisa ukuba une-hypovolemia, uya kukunika ulwelo olongezelelweyo. Njengokuba sinkcenkceshela izityalo ngebhakethi yamanzi ngexesha lemvula, umzimba uzalisa ulwelo olulahlekileyo.

Zithini iimpawu zeHypovolemia?

Ezi mpawu zinokwahluka ukusuka kumntu ukuya komnye, kwaye zinokwahluka nangobunzulu ngokuxhomekeke kubukhali bemeko. Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Ukuziva unesizungu xa umi.
• Ulusu nomlomo owomileyo.
• Ukuziva udiniwe okanye ungenabomi.
• Ukuqaqamba kwemisipha.
• Ukungachami, okanye ubungakanani bomchamo ophumayo buyancipha kwaye bube mnyama ngombala.

Ngoku makhe sijonge iimpawu zesimo esinzima nesisongela ubomi njengeHypovolemic Shock:

• Ukudideka.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza.
• Ukubila okugqithisileyo.
• Ukulahlekelwa yingqondo.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi.
• Ubushushu bomzimba obuphantsi.
• Umbala wolusu okhanyayo okanye ngamanye amaxesha umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwimilebe nakwisikhumba (i-cyanosis).

Ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu, ingakumbi emva kwengozi, ehamba nokuhlanza/urhudo olunzima, qiniseka ukuba uye kwigumbi likaxakeka esibhedlele ngoko nangoko.

Kutheni kukho i-hypovolemia? Zithini izizathu?

Eyona nto ibangela i-hypovolemia kukulahleka kolwelo okanye igazi emzimbeni. Zininzi iindlela oku okunokwenzeka ngazo:

• Ukwenzakala: Ukusikwa, ukutsha, kunye neminye imingcipheko emzimbeni.
• Izifo: Iimeko ezineempawu ezifana nokuhlanza okungapheliyo kunye norhudo (umz., ukuxakeka okukhulu kwesisu, ezinye iintsholongwane ezibangelwa yimfiva).
• Ukopha ngaphakathi: Ukopha ngaphakathi emzimbeni ngesizathu esithile. Oku kunokuba yingozi kuba akubonakali ngaphandle.
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni okanye ukungondleki kakuhle: Umthamo wegazi uyancipha ngenxa yokungafumani amanzi kunye neetyuwa ezaneleyo emzimbeni.
• Ukubila kakhulu: Ngexesha lokuzilolonga okunzima, okanye ukuba unemeko ebangela ukubila kakhulu (hyperhidrosis).

Uyibona njani i-hypovolemia?

Xa ubona ugqirha, uza kuqala akubuze ngembali yakho yezonyango. Emva koko, baza kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye banokuyalela iimvavanyo ezininzi ukujonga amanqanaba akho olwelo kunye nesodium. Amanqanaba aphantsi esodium nawo luphawu lwe-hypovolemia. Ukuba ezi mvavanyo ziqinisekisa ukuba une-hypovolemia, ugqirha uya kuzama ukufumanisa unobangela ochanekileyo wamanqanaba akho olwelo aphantsi. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukufumana unobangela kuya kukunceda uqale unyango ngokukhawuleza.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo koku?

Ugqirha angenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuqinisekisa le meko:

• Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba kunye ne-mucous membrane: Ngexesha lokuhlolwa komzimba, ugqirha uza kujonga ulusu lwakho, ngaphakathi emlonyeni, kulwimi, nasempumlweni ukuba lomile na. Ukoma luphawu lwesi sifo.
• Isantya sentliziyo, ubushushu bomzimba, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi: Ezi zinto ziya kulinganiswa ngelixa uhleli kwaye umile ukuze kubonwe ukuba kukho umahluko na. Baza kujonga neempawu ezifana nesiyezi xa utshintsha indawo.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi okanye lomchamo ukujonga ukusebenza kwezintso.
• Uvavanyo lwemifanekiso olufana ne-ultrasound okanye i-echocardiogram.

Inyangwa njani i-hypovolemia?

Ukuqala unyango kwangethuba yeyona ndlela ilungileyo yokuchacha kule meko. Eyona njongo iphambili yonyango kukubuyisela umthamo wolwelo olulahlekileyo emzimbeni. Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukuvuselelwa kolwelo. Oku kuquka ukunika ulwelo ngomthambo (IV - ngemithambo). Uhlobo lolwelo olunikwayo lunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lolwelo olufunwa ngumzimba wakho:

• Utofelo-gazi: Igazi elivela kumntu onikelayo linikwa ukuze lithathe indawo yegazi elilahlekileyo emzimbeni wakho.
• Izisombululo zeCrystalloid: Ezi zizisombululo ezenziwe ngokongeza ityuwa (ityuwa), iswekile (i-dextrose), okanye i-sodium, i-chloride, i-potassium, i-calcium, kunye nesisombululo seRinger's esilacted.
• IiColloids: Ezi ziqulathe amasuntswana amakhulu. Ezi zihlala ngaphakathi kwemithambo yegazi. Imizekelo ibandakanya i-albumin kunye ne-hetastarch.

Ukongeza ekukunikeni olu lwelo, ugqirha wakho uza kunyanga unobangela we-hypovolemia yakho. Oku kuquka:

• Ukuba kukho isifo okanye usulelo, sinyange.
• Ukuba kukho inxeba, lelokuliphilisa.
• Ukunika umzimba izondlo (ezifana nesodium okanye ii-electrolytes) ezingenazo.

Kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuchacha emva konyango?

I-Hypovolemia ihlala kuphela de amanqanaba olwelo lomzimba azaliseke. Oku kungathatha iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuya kwiiveki ezimbalwa. Emva kokuba unyango luqalile, ulwelo lunikwa kancinci kancinci. Musa ukunika ubungakanani obukhulu ngaxeshanye. Ekuqaleni ungafumana ulwelo oluninzi lwe-IV, uze unciphise ubungakanani njengoko amanqanaba akho olwelo esondela kwi-100%, uze uyeke unyango xa amanqanaba akho olwelo ezinzile kwaye iimpawu zakho ziphela.

Indlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko we-hypovolemia?

Nangona ngamanye amaxesha i-hypovolemia ibangelwa zizinto zangaphandle ezingaphaya kwamandla ethu, kukho izinto ezininzi esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko:

• Ukuba unesifo, ukwenzakala, okanye ukugula, fumana unyango ngokukhawuleza.
• Ziphephe izinto ezibangela ukubila kakhulu. Ukuba wenza njalo, sela amanzi amaninzi phakathi kwazo.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi rhoqo kwaye uhlale unamanzi emzimbeni.
• Sebenzisa Izixhobo Zokuzikhusela Zomntu (i-PPE) ukuze uzikhusele ekusikeni nasekutshisweni (umz. emsebenzini, ngelixa usenza imisebenzi yasekhaya).

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba unesifo se-hypovolemia? Injani imeko yakho?

Isiphumo sabo bonke abanale meko asifani. Kuxhomekeke ekubeni unobangela wokulahleka kwegazi okanye ulwelo unokupheliswa na kwaye unyangwe ngokufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba le meko ifunyaniswe kwaye inyangwa kwangethuba, idla ngokunyangwa. Ukuba ayinyangwa okanye inyangwa kade, inokuba yingozi ebomini, ibangele umonakalo ongunaphakade kumalungu omzimba, okanye ide ife.

Emva kokuba unyango luqalisiwe ukubuyisela amanqanaba olwelo alahlekileyo emzimbeni, iimpawu ziyancipha kancinci kancinci zize zinyamalale ngokupheleleyo xa amanqanaba olwelo emzimbeni ebuyela esiqhelweni.

Ndingazinyamekela njani? (Ukuzinyamekela)

Wakuba wazi ukuba une-hypovolemia, kukho izinto ezininzi onokuzenza ukuze uzinyamekele:

• Phumla kakuhle.
• Hlala kude nomsebenzi onzima okwethutyana.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi rhoqo kwaye uphephe ukomisa umzimba.
• Yitya ukutya okunesondlo nokulinganiselayo.

Kufuneka uye nini kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) ?

Ukuba uneempawu ze-hypovolemia, ingakumbi ukuba zenzeka emva kwanoma yiyiphi kwezi ziganeko zilandelayo, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza:

• Emva kwengozi, efana nokutsha, ukunqunyulwa, okanye ukwenzakala okunye.
• Emva kokugula okufana nentlungu yesisu esibuhlungu, kunye nokuhlanza okungapheliyo okanye urhudo.
• Emva kosuku lokungakwazi ukutya okanye ukusela.
• Emva komsebenzi okanye isiganeko esibangela ukubila okungaphezulu kunesiqhelo.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha?

Xa usiya kugqirha, kungcono ukubuza le mibuzo:

• Kuza kufuneka ndifumane ixesha elingakanani ulwelo lwe-IV (ityuwa)?
• Yintoni ebangela ukulahleka kwegazi kwam?
• Ndingaqhubeka nini nemisebenzi yam yesiqhelo emva konyango?
• Ndingazikhusela njani ekuphelelweni ngamanzi emzimbeni emva konyango?

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwe-Hypovolemia kunye ne-Hypervolemia?

I-Hypovolemia kunye ne-hypervolemia zombini ziimeko ezibhekiselele kubungakanani bolwelo okanye igazi emzimbeni wakho. Igama elithi "hypo" lithetha "ngaphantsi" okanye "ngaphantsi." "hyper" lithetha "ngaphezulu" okanye "ngaphezulu." Ngoko ke, ukuba une-hypovolemia, awunalo ulwelo olwaneleyo emzimbeni wakho. Ukuba une-hypervolemia, unolwelo oluninzi emzimbeni wakho.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Ukulahlekelwa ligazi okanye ulwelo emzimbeni yimeko enzulu kakhulu efuna unyango olukhawulezileyo. Ukuba usandul’ ukufumana ingozi okanye unesigulo kwaye uneempawu ze-hypovolemia, yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka ngokukhawuleza.

Ukuba uneempawu ezibuthathaka kakhulu, bona ugqirha wakho uze uthethe ngeendlela zokubuyisela ulwelo olulahlekileyo emzimbeni wakho. Ukusela ulwelo oluninzi kunye nokuphumla ngokwaneleyo kunokunceda ukulawula le meko. Ukuba ufunyenwe unale meko, inokuphazamisana okwethutyana nemisebenzi yakho yesiqhelo, kodwa ngonyango lwe-hypovolemia, ungabuyela esiqhelweni njengoko ulwelo lomzimba wakho lubuyela esiqhelweni.

I- Hypovolemia, i-Hypovolemia, Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni, Umthamo wegazi ophantsi, i-Hypovolemic shock, i-Hypovolemic Shock, Unyango olungxamisekileyo