Ngaba uhlala ufumana umkhuhlane nokukhwehlela? Okanye ngaba uhlala uneengxaki zesisu okanye ulusu? Ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokwenzeka xa inkqubo yomzimba yokulwa nezifo, oko kukuthi, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela, iba buthathaka kancinci. Ngoko ke namhlanje sithetha ngovavanyo olubalulekileyo olwenziwayo ukuze kuchongwe ngokuchanekileyo imeko yalo mzimba wokuzikhusela. Olu luvavanyo lwe-Immunoglobulin.
Yintoni le Immunoglobulin?
Kalula nje, oku kulula kakhulu ukukuqonda. Khawucinge ukuba imizimba yethu ifana nelizwe. Emva koko iintshaba ziintsholongwane ezifana neentsholongwane kunye neebhaktheriya ezivela ngaphandle. Ukuze silwe nezi ntshaba, sineqela lamajoni akhethekileyo emizimbeni yethu. Loo majoni abizwa ngokuba zii-antibodies .
Ezi antibodies zezo sizibiza ngokwezonyango ngokuba yi-'Immunoglobulins'. Ezi zenziwa ziiseli ezikwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba. Ngoko ke olu vavanyo lwe-Immunoglobulin lulinganisa ukuba zingaphi kwezi antibodies, okanye 'amajoni', onazo emzimbeni wakho.
Ngenxa yezifo ezithile, ubungakanani be-Immunoglobulin emizimbeni yethu bunokwanda ngokungeyomfuneko , kwaye ngamanye amaxesha bunciphe ngaphezu kokuba kuyimfuneko .
- Ukuba amanqanaba e-immunoglobulin aphantsi: Usesichengeni sokufumana izifo, ingakumbi usulelo.
- Ukuba i-immunoglobulin inyukile: Oku kunokuthetha ukuba une-allergies, okanye ukuba inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela isebenza kakhulu.
Ziziphi iintlobo eziphambili ze-immunoglobulin?
Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-immunoglobulins emizimbeni yethu. Uhlobo ngalunye lunomsebenzi owahlukileyo. Makhe sijonge iintlobo eziphambili.
| Uhlobo lwe-immunoglobulin | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Immunoglobulin A (IgA) | Ezi antibodies zifumaneka kakhulu kwiinwebu zemiphunga yethu, kwiisinus, nasemathunjini. Zikwafumaneka nakwizinto ezinje ngamathe kunye neenyembezi. Zizo ezisikhusela kwiintsholongwane ezingena kwezo ndawo. |
| I-Immunoglobulin G (IgG) | Eli 'lijoni elinamava' elininzi kakhulu egazini lethu nakwezinye izinto eziphuma emzimbeni. Linenkumbulo entle. Ukuba intsholongwane ebikhe yangena emzimbeni ngaphambili iyabuya, iyayibona ize iyihlasele ngokukhawuleza. Kufana 'nenkumbulo'. Oogqirha bayayivavanya le nqanaba le-IgG ukuze bafumane ukuba ukhe wadibana nentsholongwane ethile ngaphambili. |
| I-Immunoglobulin M (IgM) | Xa intsholongwane entsha ingena emzimbeni, la majoni e-IgM ngawona aqalayo ukuza edabini. Ngawo amajoni ethu okuqala okuzikhusela. Xa intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni, la manqanaba e-IgM ayanda okwethutyana, aze emva koko njengoko amanqanaba e-IgG esanda, amanqanaba e-IgM aphinde ehle. |
| I-Immunoglobulin E (IgE) | Oku kwahlukile kancinci. Eli nqanaba le-IgE liyanda xa umzimba wethu ungasabelanga ngendlela engafanelekanga kwizinto ezingenabungozi, ezifana ne-pollen, uthuli, kunye nokutya okuthile (oko kukuthi, xa kukho i-allergy). Eli nqanaba le-IgE ngokuqinisekileyo lilinganiswa kuvavanyo lwegazi ukuze kubonwe ukuba unayo na i-allergy. |
Kutheni ugqirha angacebisa olu vavanyo?
Kukho izizathu ezahlukeneyo zokuba ugqirha wakho angayalela olu vavanyo. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba unezifo ezixhaphakileyo.
Olu vavanyo lucetyiswa ngokubanzi kwiimeko ezilandelayo:
- Ukuba uneengxaki ze-sinus rhoqo, usulelo lwemiphunga, usulelo lwesisu okanye lwamathumbu .
- Ukuba unesisu esihambisayo esihlala ixesha elide.
- Ukuba unciphisa umzimba ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo.
- Ukuba unomkhuhlane ongapheliyo ongachazwanga ongenakuchazwa sisizathu esinye.
- Ukuba kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zezilonda zesikhumba .
- Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba une -allergies .
- Ukuba ugula emva kokubuya kuhambo olude.
- Ukubeka esweni iimeko ezifana ne-HIV/AIDS okanye i-Multiple Myeloma (uhlobo lomhlaza).
Lwenziwa njani olu Vavanyo lwe-Immunoglobulin?
Oogqirha badla ngokuzivavanya zontathu ezi zinto: i-IgA, i-IgG, kunye ne-IgM ukuze bafumane umbono ocacileyo womzimba wakho.
Eyona ndlela iphambili yokwenza oku kukuthatha isampuli yegazi .. Njengokuba sihlala sinikela ngegazi ukuze livavanywe. Kwilabhoratri (ingcali yelabhoratri), bathatha isampuli encinci yegazi emthanjeni osengalweni yakho baze bayithumele kwilabhoratri. Ayisiyonto inkulu kangako, akukho nto ibalulekileyo yokuxhalaba ngayo.
Nangona kunjalo, kwiimeko ezikhethekileyo kakhulu, ukuba ugqirha ufuna ukuvavanya ulwelo olujikeleze ingqondo kunye nomqolo, olubizwa ngokuba yi -cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) , usebenzisa indlela eyahlukileyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-lumbar puncture (ngamanye amaxesha ibizwa ngokuba yi-'spinal tap'). Oku kwenziwa esibhedlele. Unikwa iyeza lokudambisa iintlungu, kwaye isampuli encinci yolwelo ithathwa kumqolo wakho ongezantsi.
Ithetha ukuthini ingxelo yam?
Emva kokuthumela isampulu yakho kwilebhu, kungathatha iintsuku ezimbalwa ukuba ingxelo ifike.
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba awunakuthi uqiniseke ngokupheleleyo ukuba unesifo kuba nje amaxabiso akwingxelo yakho aphantsi okanye aphezulu. Oku kunika nje umbono ongeyonyani.
Ugqirha wakho angayalela nezinye iimvavanyo kunye nale ngxelo, ezifana neComplete Blood Count (CBC) , uvavanyo lwegazi leproteni , okanye uvavanyo lomchamo ukujonga ukusebenza kwezintso.
Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuba la maxabiso anyuke aze ehle.
| Izinto ezinokubangela amanqanaba aphezulu e-immunoglobulin | |
|---|---|
| Ii-aleji | Usulelo olungapheliyo |
| Iingxaki zokuzikhusela komzimba - umz. iRheumatoid Arthritis, iLupus, iCeliac Disease | Isifo sesibindi |
| Isifo samathumbu esidumbileyo | Iintlobo zomhlaza - umz. iMultiple Myeloma, iLymphoma, iLeukemia |
| Izinto ezinokubangela ukuba amanqanaba e-immunoglobulin ehle | |
|---|---|
| Amanye amayeza awenza buthathaka amajoni omzimba (umz. ii-steroids) | Iingxaki zesifo seswekile |
| Isifo sezintso okanye ukungaphumeleli | Ukungakwazi komzimba ukuzala okanye ukufumana izifo (umz. i-HIV/AIDS ) |
Ngoko ke, endaweni yokutsiba izigqibo ngokwakho malunga noko kukwingxelo yakho, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha okuhlolileyo. Uza kuhlola iimpawu zakho kunye nazo zonke ezinye iingxelo zovavanyo aze akuxelele kanye into ekufuneka uyenze kunye namanyathelo omawuwathathe ngokulandelayo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Immunoglobulin luhlobo lwe-antibody efana nejoni emzimbeni wethu elilwa nesifo.
- Olu vavanyo lunokuba lubalulekile ukuba unezifo ezixhaphakileyo, une-allergies, okanye ukrokrela ukuba inkqubo yakho yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka.
- Olu vavanyo lujonga amanqanaba eentlobo ezahlukeneyo zee-antibodies, ezifana ne-IgA, i-IgG, i-IgM, kunye ne-IgE.
- Amaxabiso aphantsi okanye aphezulu kwingxelo anokubangelwa zizizathu ezahlukeneyo. Musa ukucinga ukuba kukho isifo ngokwakho.
- Ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokukunika ingcaciso engcono kunye neengcebiso ezingaphezulu malunga neziphumo zovavanyo lwakho, ngoko qiniseka ukuba udibana naye.
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