Xa ujonga abantu abasingqongileyo kuluntu lwethu, usenokuba uqaphele ukuba kukho abantu abahluke kakhulu omnye komnye. Indlela abanye abantu abacinga ngayo, indlela abaqonda ngayo ulwazi, kunye nendlela abaziphatha ngayo yahlukile kancinci. Isizathu soku sisenokuba kukukhubazeka kwengqondo okanye kophuhliso (Intellectual or Developmental Disability – IDD). Kodwa kufuneka ukuba ukhe wavakalelwa kukuba kunzima kancinci ukuthetha nabantu abanjalo nokubaqonda, akunjalo? Namhlanje sithetha ngendlela esibahlonipha ngayo abantu abanjalo kwaye sibabandakanye ngayo emsebenzini wethu.
Zithini ii-Intellectual and Developmental Disability (IDDs)?
Ngamafutshane, ezi ziimeko ezichaphazela ukufunda komntu, izakhono zolwimi kunye nokuziphatha kwakhe. Zihlala ziqala ebuntwaneni kwaye zihlala ubomi bakhe bonke. Kodwa esi asisosifo. Siyinxalenye yobomi bakhe.
Khawucinge nje, ayizizo zonke iminwe yethu ezifanayo. Ngokufanayo, wonke umntu one-IDD wahlukile. Kwanabantu ababini abanemeko efanayo banokuba nemingeni eyahlukeneyo, iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokunxibelelana, kunye neenkxaso ezahlukeneyo.
Itheyibhile engezantsi ibonisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezi ngxaki.
| Igama lokukhubazeka | Intshayelelo emfutshane |
|---|---|
| Ingxaki Yokungakwazi Ukuqwalasela Izinto Ngokupheleleyo (ADHD) | Iimpawu ziquka ubunzima bokugxila kunye nokungaguquguquki rhoqo. |
| Iingxaki ze-Autism Spectrum | Utshintsho kubudlelwane boluntu, unxibelelwano, kunye neendlela zokuziphatha. |
| Umvakalelo yokitazo | Imeko echaphazela ulawulo lokunyakaza komzimba kunye nendlela omi ngayo umzimba. |
| Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo | Ubunzima bokufunda nokuqonda izakhono zobomi bemihla ngemihla. |
| Iingxaki zoLwimi | Ubunzima bokuvakalisa izimvo okanye ukuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye. |
| Isifo seTourette | Izandi ezingalawulekiyo okanye iintshukumo zomzimba (iintshukumo zomzimba). |
Ngoko ke, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubuza umntu okhubazekileyo ngobubele ukuba zeziphi iimfuno zakhe kunye neminqweno yakhe.
Masifunde ngocalucalulo olubizwa ngokuba yi-'Ableism'
Oku kungabonakala ngathi ligama elitsha, kodwa kuthetha into esiyaziyo sonke. I-Ableism sisenzo sokuphatha umntu ngokungafanelekanga okanye ukumjongela phantsi kuba enesiphene. Abantu abacinga ngale ndlela bakholelwa ukuba umntu onesiphene akanakwenza izinto ezifanayo nezabanye kwaye kufuneka 'azenzele'. Oku kungenziwa ngabom okanye ngokungazi.
Okuchaseneyo noku kukubandakanywa . Kuthetha ukwamkela umahluko wabanye njengoko unjalo nokubakhuthaza ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kuyo yonke into abaziva bekhululekile kuyo. Ngale ndlela, nabo banokonwaba, babe sempilweni, baze bafikelele kwinqanaba labo elipheleleyo.
Singabanceda njani kwaye sibahloniphe njani aba bantu?
Kulungile, makhe sijonge izinto ezilula esinokuzenza ukuze sibahloniphe aba bantu size sibabandakanye. Khumbula, wonke umntu wahlukile, ngoko ke eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubabuza ukuba bathanda ntoni.
1. Qaphela neziphene ezingabonakaliyo.
Ezinye iziphene azibonakali emehlweni ethu. Izinto ezifana ne -ADHD , i-autism , kunye neziphene zokufunda azibonakali. Ngoko ke musa ukubuza umntu imibuzo engeyomfuneko. Musa ukuthetha izinto ezinje, "Awubonakali ngathi unesiphene." Oko kuthetha ukuba isiphene sabo asiyonto yokwenyani, okanye asinamsebenzi.
2. Hlonipha indlela abaqhuba ngayo izinto
Abantu abaninzi abane-IDD bathanda ukusebenza ngendlela eqhelekileyo nehlelekileyo. Oku kunciphisa uvalo kunye nexhala labo. Ngoko ke ukuba uceba into nabo, ubaxelele kwangaphambili, kwaye wenze utshintsho, baya kuziva bekhululekile ngakumbi xa besebenza nawe.
3. Yenza indawo ezolileyo
Abantu abaneengxaki ezifana ne-autism banokukufumanisa kunzima ukuncokola nabantu. Basenokungakwazi ukumelana nengxolo enkulu kwiindawo ezixineneyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba kunokwenzeka, khetha indawo ezolileyo, engenangxolo ingako xa uthetha nabo okanye usebenza nabo. Bakufumanisa kulula ukuthetha ubuso ngobuso kunokuba nabantu abaninzi bathetha ngaxeshanye.
4. Babandakanye kwincoko.
Abantu abakhubazekileyo badla ngokubekelwa ecaleni kuluntu njengabantu abangabonakaliyo. Musa ukwenza loo nto. Xa uthetha nabo , bajonge emehlweni, ujike uye kubo uthethe. Xa ubuza umbuzo, bavumele baphendule. Ukuba unomncedisi kunye nabo, thetha ngqo nomntu ochaphazelekayo, hayi nomncedisi kuphela.
5. Khumbula ezi zinto xa unxibelelana
- Thetha ngolwimi olulula nolucacileyo. Musa ukubadelela. Thetha ngelizwi eliqhelekileyo, usebenzisa izivakalisi ezilula. Musa ukusebenzisa amagama arhabaxa anjengokuthi "Kuyana iikati nezinja," kuba badla ngokuthatha izinto ngokoqobo .
- Thetha into enye ngexesha. Ukuba ubuza imibuzo okanye unika ingcebiso, yinike enye ngexesha. Endaweni yokuthi, “Musa ukubaleka,” thetha into ofuna ukuyenza ngokucacileyo, njengokuthi “hamba ngokukhawuleza.”
- Mamela ngomonde. Abanye abantu bathetha kancinci kancinci. Banike ixesha lokucinga nokubhala amagama abo. Kunokubathatha ixesha ukuqonda into oyithethayo. Ngoko ke ungabangxami.
- Ukuba awuqondi, thetha inyaniso. Ukuba awuqondi into ayithethileyo, mcele ayiphinde. Okanye umbuze ukuba angatsho ngenye indlela na. Ukuba awuyiqondi emva kokuzama amaxesha ambalwa, musa ukuzenza ngathi uyayiqonda. Thetha into enyanisekileyo efana nokuthi, " Uxolo , ndiyazi ukuba into oyithethayo ibalulekile, kodwa andikwazanga ukuyiqonda."
6. Hlonipha iindlela zokuziphatha kunye nemikhwa eyahlukeneyo
Abantu abaninzi abane-autism banengxaki yokujonga abanye emehlweni. Ukuba kukho umntu onayo, musa ukuyithatha loo nto. Ukuba umntu one-Tourette Syndrome ngequbuliso wenza ingxolo ngelixa uthetha naye, linda ade agqibe ukuthetha uze uqhubeke. Abanakuzilawula ezo zinto. Abazami kukungakuhloniphi.
7. Musa ukucinga ngayo njengento ekufuneka 'ilungiswe' okanye 'ilungiswe'.
Khumbula, ukukhubazeka akubobuthathaka. Kunokuba yinxalenye yobuntu babo.
Uninzi lwabantu luyonwabele ubomi babo. Ababoni ukukhubazeka kwabo njengengxaki ekufuneka ilungiswe. Ngoko ke musa ukubenza bazive "bengalunganga" okanye bazive bengakhululekanga ngokuthi, "Ungumzekelo omhle kakhulu."
8. Sebenzisa amagama afanelekileyo
Endaweni yokuthi "umntu okhubazekileyo", yithi "umntu okhubazekileyo"Kuyintlonipho ngakumbi ukuthi “Ndingumntu.” Oku kuthiwa lulwimi lomntu kuqala . Kuthetha ukuba siyamhlonipha umntu njengomntu wonke, kungekuphela nje ngenxa yokukhubazeka kwakhe. Kodwa abanye abantu, umzekelo, abantu abane-autism, bakhetha ukubizwa ngokuba “ngumntu one-autism” kunokuba babizwe ngokuba “ngumntu one-autism.” Oku kuthiwa lulwimi lomntu wokuqala . Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubabuza, “Ungathanda ukubizwa njani?”
Ngokwenza ngononophelo nangomonde ngale ndlela, singabaxhasa ngcono abahlobo bethu, izalamane, kunye nabanye abemi abakhubazekileyo ekuphuhliseni.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Soloko umhlonipha loo mntu, kwaye ungamgwebi ngokusekelwe kukukhubazeka kwakhe.
- Nceda ubuze ukuba zeziphi izinto abazithandayo malunga nonxibelelwano nenkxaso.
- Sebenzisa ulwimi olubeka umntu phambili, olufana nokuthi “umntu okhubazekileyo,” ngaphandle kokuba bakhetha olunye ulwimi.
- Khumbula ukuba iziphene ezininzi azibonakali emehlweni, ngoko ke musa ukugweba mntu ngokwembonakalo yakhe.
- Yiba nomonde, uhloniphe imisebenzi yabo kunye neendlela zabo zonxibelelwano.
- Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onale meko okanye ofuna inkxaso, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngayo.
Ukukhubazeka kophuhliso, impilo yengqondo , i-ableism, i-ADHD, i-autism, ulwazi loluntu, intlonipho
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