Ngaba wakha waphawula ukuba xa umntu kusapho lwakho, mhlawumbi utata wakho, umama, okanye umakhulu wakho, ngequbuliso eqala ukulibala amazwi akhe , enengxaki yokufumana amagama afanelekileyo okuwathetha? Okanye wakha waziva ngathi oko akutshoyo akunantsingiselo, akuhambelani? Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-aphasia ngokwezonyango. Asiyongxaki enxulumene nobukrelekrele. Ngamafutshane, yingxaki yonxibelelwano eyenzeka xa kukho umonakalo kwiindawo zengqondo zethu ezilawula ulwimi nentetho.
Zithini iimpawu ze-aphasia?
Ubunzima be-aphasia bunokwahluka kumntu nomntu. Abanye abantu banokuchaphazeleka kancinci, ngelixa abanye banokuchaphazeleka kakhulu. Umntu onohlobo oluphantsi lwe-aphasia unokukwazi ukuthetha ngendlela eqhelekileyo kodwa unokuba nobunzima bokufumana amagama afanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, umntu onohlobo oluphezulu lwe-aphasia usenokungakwazi ukuthetha okanye ukuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye.
Makhe sijonge ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso Elula |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuthetha | Xa uthetha, amagama ayabhidana kwaye izivakalisi azikwazi ukugqitywa. |
| Ubunzima bokufumana amagama | Nangona ndinento endifuna ukuyithetha engqondweni yam, andikhumbuli amagama achanekileyo. |
| Ukusetyenziswa kwamagama ngendlela engafanelekanga | Endaweni yegama elinye, kufundwa igama elahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo nelingafanelekanga. |
| Ubunzima bokuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye | Kunzima ukuqonda into ethethwa ngumntu xa ethetha, ingakumbi kwindawo enabantu abaninzi. |
| Ubunzima bokubhala nokufunda | Andikwazi ukudibanisa izivakalisi xa ndibhala, kwaye kunzima ukuqonda okubhaliweyo. |
| Iingxaki ekusebenziseni amanani | Kuba nzima ukubala amanani alula nokusebenzisa amanani. |
Into ebalulekileyo kukuba i-aphasia ayiphazamisi ingqondo yomntu, ulwazi lwakhe, okanye inkumbulo yakhe. Yingxaki echaphazela kuphela ubuchule bokusebenzisa ulwimi.
Ngaba kukho iintlobo eziphambili ze-aphasia?
Ewe, kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-aphasia. Ezi ntlobo ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke ekubeni umonakalo uphi engqondweni. Makhe sithethe ngokufutshane ngezinye zeentlobo eziphambili.
Okokuqala, ezi zinokwahlulwa zibe ziinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili:
- I-Flu ENT Aphasia: Kolu hlobo, isigulana sinokuthetha ngezivakalisi. Kodwa ezo zivakalisi zisenokungabi nantsingiselo. Ngamanye amaxesha, zinokongeza amagama angenantsingiselo kwaye zithethe izivakalisi ezinde.
- I-Aphasia engatyibilikiyo: Kolu hlobo, intetho inzima kakhulu, igama negama. Izivakalisi zimfutshane kakhulu. Kodwa amagama athethwayo anokuba nentsingiselo.
Ngoku makhe sijonge ezinye iintlobo ezithile:
I-Aphasia ecacileyo (i-Broca's aphasia)
Okwenzekayo kweli tyala kukuba unombono ocacileyo wento ofuna ukuyithetha entlokweni yakho, kodwa kunzima kakhulu ukuyibeka ngamazwi uze uyithethe ngokuvakalayo okanye uyibhale phantsi. Kuvakala ngathi amagama anamathele.
I-Aphasia yokwamkela (i-Wernicke's aphasia)
Kulapho unengxaki yokuqonda oko kuthethwa ngabanye abantu okanye okusencwadini. Uva umntu ethetha, kodwa intsingiselo yamagama ayibonakali ifikelela engqondweni yakho. Ngamanye amaxesha awuqondi nentsingiselo yoko ukuthethayo.
I-Aphasia yeHlabathi
Olu lolona hlobo lubi kakhulu lwe-aphasia. Idla ngokuvela emva kwestroke . Kunzima kakhulu kwaba bantu ukuthetha, ukuqonda, ukufunda, okanye ukubhala kangangokuba abakwazi kwenza nto.
I-Aphasia ePhambili ePhambili (i-PPA)
Oku kwahlukile kancinci. Olu luhlobo olungaqhelekanga lwe-dementia. Okwenzekayo kukuba ngokuhamba kwexesha, kancinci kancinci uya ulahlekelwa kukuthetha, ukubhala, ukufunda nokuqonda. Akukho nyango lokuguqula oku.
Zithini izizathu ze-aphasia?
Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo ebangela i-aphasia sistroke . Ngexesha lestroke, umthambo wegazi othwala igazi uye ebuchotsheni uyavaleka okanye uqhume, nto leyo ebangela ukuba iiseli zengqondo zife. I-Aphasia yenzeka xa iiseli ezikwindawo elawula ulwimi zisifa.
Ukongeza kwisifo sohlangothi, kunokubakho nezinye izizathu:
- Ukulimala okukhulu entloko
- Ithumba lobuchopho
- Usulelo oluchaphazela ingqondo
- Izifo ze-neurological ezifana ne-dementia
- Ngamanye amaxesha, i-migraine okanye i-mini-stroke (i-Transient Ischemic Attack - TIA) inokubangela ukuba iimpawu ze-aphasia zexeshana zibonakale kwaye zinyamalale.
Ugqirha uyifumana njani le nto?
Le meko idla ngokuchongwa xa ulaliswe esibhedlele emva kwestroke okanye ukwenzakala engqondweni. Ugqirha uza kuthetha nawe, akubuze imibuzo elula, aze akucele ukuba wenze izinto ezithile (umzekelo, ukukhomba ipeni aze akubuze ukuba yintoni le) ukuze abone ukuba unale meko.
Ukongeza, iimvavanyo ezinje zinokwenziwa ukufumana unobangela ochanekileyo:
- Iskeni ye-CT (iskeni ye-Computed Tomography)
- Iskeni se-MRI (Umfanekiso weMagnetic Resonance)
- Iskeni yePET (iskeni yePositron Emission Tomography)
Olu vavanyo lunokunceda ekufumaniseni ukuba umonakalo wenzeke phi engqondweni. Ukuba kurhanelwa ukuba i-aphasia iyenzeka, ugqirha wakho uza kukuthumela kwingcali yezifo zolwimi lokuthetha . Le ngcali iza kwenza olunye uvavanyo, imisele uhlobo lwe-aphasia onayo, ubukhali bayo , kwaye icwangcise unyango olufunekayo.
Unyango kunye neendlela zokwenza lula unxibelelwano ngale nto
Unyango lweNtetho noLwimi lolona nyango lubalulekileyo lwe-aphasia. Okukhona uqala olu nyango ngokukhawuleza, kokukhona amathuba akho okuphumelela aphezulu. Ingcali yezonyango iya kukufundisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuzilolonga ukukunceda ukhumbule amagama, udibanise izivakalisi, kwaye unxibelelane nabanye.
Ukongeza, amalungu osapho nawo anendima enkulu ekufuneka ayidlale kolu hambo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukujongana nesigulana ngomonde nangothando.
Le theyibhile ingezantsi ikunika umbono wendlela onokwenza ngayo unxibelelwano lube lula kwisigulana nakwilungu losapho elifana nawe.
| Iingcebiso zoNxibelelwano | |
|---|---|
| Isigulana esine-aphasia... | |
| |
| Xa uthetha nomntu one-aphasia... | |
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Wenza ntoni ukuba ngequbuliso awukwazi ukuthetha?
Le yeyona nxalenye ibalulekileyo kweli nqaku.
Ukuba umntu ngequbuliso akakwazi ukuthetha, uthuka amagama, okanye akakwazi ukuqonda oko kuthethwayo, yingxamiseko yezonyango leyo.
Ezi zinokuba ziimpawu eziphambili zestroke. Ke ngoko, ngaphandle kokulibazisa, thatha isigulana usise kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele esikufutshane. Ukuba unyango lunikwa ngokukhawuleza kwistroke, kokukhona umonakalo omncinci ungenziwa engqondweni.
Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngale nto uze ufumane iingcebiso ezingakumbi.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Aphasia ayisiyongxaki yengqondo, kodwa yingxaki yonxibelelwano ebangelwa kukonakala kwenxalenye yengqondo elawula ulwimi.
- Isizathu esiphambili soku sistroke, ngoko ke yinyamekele kangangoko unako.
- Ukuba umntu ngequbuliso akakwazi ukuthetha, yingxamiseko leyo. Yiya kwiYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (ETU) yesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Unyango lokuthetha yeyona ndlela iphambili neyona isebenzayo yokunyanga oku.
- Umonde, uthando, kunye nenkxaso yosapho zibalulekile ekuchacheni kwesigulana.
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