Ngaba wakha wajonga amehlo akho esipilini? Xa uwajonga, ubona ukuba kukho inxalenye engqukuva enika amehlo akho umbala omhle. Abanye abantu banombala omdaka omnyama, abanye banombala omdaka okhanyayo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ingaba luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye luhlaza. Loo nxalenye inombala yiloo nto siyibiza ngokwezonyango ngokuba yi-'iris'. Ifana nomnwe wakho. Ikhethekile kuwe. Akukho mntu emhlabeni onombala ofanayo wamehlo.
Yintoni kanye kanye umsebenzi we-iris?
Ngamafutshane, umsebenzi ophambili we-iris kukulawula ukuba bungakanani ukukhanya okungena elisweni lakho. Kufana nomngxuma okwilensi yekhamera. Uyayibona loo ndawo incinci emnyama embindini weliso lakho? Siyibiza ngokuba yi-pupil. Ukukhanya kungena elisweni lakho ngaloo pupil.
Ngoko ke, izihlunu ezithambileyo kakhulu kwilensi yeliso zizo ezilawula ubungakanani bale ndandatho imnyama.
- Xa usiya kwindawo enelanga, ekhanyiswe kakuhle: Izihlunu ezikwilensi yeliso zenza iris ibe ncinci kangangoko (ifinyeze) . Emva koko kuphela ubungakanani bokukhanya obufunekayo obungena elisweni. Ukukhanya okuninzi kakhulu kuyadlula kwaye konakalisa iliso.
- Xa ungena kwindawo emnyama, ekhanyayo kancinci: Ilensi yeliso iyandisa (iyandisa) iris, ivumela ukukhanya okuninzi kangangoko kunokwenzeka ukuba kungene elisweni, ikuncede ubone izinto ezikungqongileyo ngokucacileyo.
Khawuthelekelele ungena ngaphakathi emva kokuba selangeni okwethutyana uze ngequbuliso uzive ngathi awuboni nto, akunjalo? Kuthatha ixesha ukuba amehlo akho aqhele ubumnyama. Kulapho ke i-iris yakho ikhula kancinci kancinci ize iqhele ubumnyama. Konke oku kwenzeka ngokuzenzekelayo, ngaphandle kokuba wena uqonde .
Iphi le nto ngaphakathi kweliso?
Amehlo ethu afana netswele. Enziwe ngamaleko aliqela. I-iris ikwi-cornea, eyinxalenye ecacileyo yeliso, kwaye ingaphezulu kwelensi, engaphakathi kweliso. Oko kukuthi, indawo enemibala ikwi-ring emnyama.
Yenziwe ngantoni le nto? Umbala wamehlo umiselwa njani?
I-iris yenziwe ikakhulu zizihlunu kunye nemithambo-luvo. Ezi zisebenza ngokuzenzekelayo, ngaphandle kolawulo lwethu.
Ngoku makhe sijonge indlela umbala wamehlo owakheka ngayo. Usenokuba ukhe weva nge-pigment yendalo ebizwa ngokuba yi-"Melanin" enika umbala kulusu lwethu nakwiinwele zethu. Umbala wamehlo umiselwa bubungakanani be-pigment ye-melanin kwilensi yeliso.
- Ukuba kukho i-melanin eninzi kakhulu: amehlo aba mdaka mnyama.
- Ukuba i-melanin iphantsi: Amehlo anokuba mdaka okhanyayo, oluhlaza, okanye oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ubungakanani be-melanin esinayo buxhomekeke kwizakhi zofuzo zethu. Oku kuthetha ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu kumama notata wakho.
Ziziphi iimeko ezichaphazela iris?
Nasiphi na isifo esichaphazela iliso sinokuchaphazela nelensi yeliso. Nazi ezinye zezona meko zixhaphakileyo.
| Imeko | Kalula nje... |
|---|---|
| I-Aniridia | Ukungabikho ngokupheleleyo okanye okungaphelelanga kwelensi yeliso ekuzalweni. |
| Isifo sikaHorner | Ukonakala komthambo ebusweni kunokubangela iimpawu ezifana neliso elincinci elimnyama kunye nokugoba kwejwabu. |
| I-Glaucoma | Uxinzelelo oluphezulu ngaphakathi kweliso lungonakalisa umthambo we-optic. Oku kunokuchaphazela nokusebenza kwelensi yeliso. |
| Ubu-Albinism | Umzimba une-melanin pigment ephantsi kakhulu okanye awunayo kwaphela, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amehlo abe nombala okhanyayo kakhulu. |
| IiCataracts | Ukufiphala kwelensi yeliso. Oku kuchaphazela ngqo umbono. |
| I-Uveitis | Ukudumba komaleko ophakathi weliso, kuquka nelensi. Amehlo anokuba bomvu aze abe buhlungu. |
| isifo seWaardenburg | Ingxaki yemfuza ebangela utshintsho kumbala wamehlo, umbala wolusu neenwele, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ukulahlekelwa kukuva. |
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba ubona into efana notshintsho ekuboneni kwakho, intlungu, okanye utshintsho lombala emehlweni akho, kufuneka ubone ugqirha ngokukhawuleza .
Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba i-iris yonakele?
Nayiphi na ingozi eyenzeka elisweni inokonakalisa ilensi yeliso. Uhlobo lomonakalo luxhomekeke kwindlela eyenzeke ngayo ingozi. Ezinye iingozi ezincinci zinokunyangwa ngokuphumla kunye namayeza asekhaya. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iingozi zinokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kunye nokulahlekelwa yimbono .
Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho ingozi emehlweni, eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukubona ugqirha wamehlo. Ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu, umzekelo, ukuba ngequbuliso ulahlekelwa ngumbono okanye uva iintlungu eziqatha, yiya kwiSebe leNgxamiseko (ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukujonga iris?
Xa usiya kuhlolwa amehlo rhoqo, ugqirha wamehlo uza kuhlola nelensi yakho. Basenokusebenzisa isixhobo esikhethekileyo esibizwa ngokuba yi-"Slit Lamp" ukwenza oku.
Ukuba kukho urhano malunga nesifo esithile, uvavanyo olufana nolu lunokufuneka lwenziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ngakumbi.
| Uvavanyo | Inkcazo |
|---|---|
| I-MRI (Umfanekiso weMagnetic Resonance) | Ukusebenzisa intsimi yemagnethi ukufumana imifanekiso eneenkcukacha zangaphakathi lomzimba. |
| I-CT Scan (i-Computed Tomography) | Ukufumana imifanekiso enqamlezileyo yangaphakathi kweliso kusetyenziswa iteknoloji ye-X-ray. |
| I-ultrasound | Ukuhlola izakhiwo ezingaphakathi kweliso kusetyenziswa amaza esandi. |
| I-Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) | Ukusebenzisa amaza okukhanya ukuze ufumane imifanekiso ecacileyo neneenkcukacha ze-retina kunye nezinye iindawo zeliso. |
Ngoko ke, singalinyamekela njani eli lungu lixabisekileyo?
Amehlo ethu yeyona nto ixabisekileyo kuthi. Ngoko ke landela la manyathelo alula ukuze ukhusele iliso lakho lonke, kuquka nelensi.
- Nxiba iiglasi zelanga: Nanini na xa uphuma elangeni, nxiba iiglasi zelanga ezilungileyo ezine- 100% UV protection okanye ilebhile ye -UV400 . Oku kuya kukhusela amehlo akho kwimitha yelanga eyingozi ye-ultraviolet (UV).
- Funa ingcebiso kagqirha kwangoko nje ukuba uqaphela utshintsho: Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho embonweni wakho, njengentlungu yamehlo okanye ukubomvu, bona ugqirha ngoko nangoko , endaweni yokulinda ukubona. Kungaba yinto elula njengokutshintsha iiglasi zakho, okanye kungaba luphawu lokuqala lwesifo esinzulu.
- Kwimeko kaxakeka: Ukuba ngequbuliso ulahlekelwa kukubona, uva iintlungu ezinganyamezelekiyo, okanye wenzakele kakhulu emehlweni , yiya kwiSebe likaXakeka lesibhedlele (ETU) ngoko nangoko .
Ngaba ii-Iris Scanners ezikwiifowuni ziyingozi emehlweni?
Kule mihla, ubuchwepheshe bokuskena ubuso namehlo (ii-Iris Scanners) buqhelekile kakhulu ekuvuleni izinto ezifana neefowuni kunye neekhompyutha. Ezi zixhobo zikuchonga ngokukhupha ukukhanya okuncinci kakhulu, okungabonakaliyo kwe-infrared ebusweni bakho nasemahlweni. Ngokophando lwangoku, akukho bungqina bokuba ezi zixhobo ziyingozi okanye ziyingozi emehlweni . Ngoko ke akukho mfuneko yokuzoyika.
Okokugqibela, i-iris yakho ayisiyonto ikhethekileyo kuwe kwaye inika amehlo akho umbala wawo omhle. Yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ekunceda ubone ngokucacileyo nakweyiphi na imeko yokukhanya. Ngoko ke jonga amehlo akho rhoqo kwaye uwakhathalele kakuhle.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-iris yinxalenye yeliso lakho eliyinika umbala wayo kwaye ikhethekile kuwe.
- Umsebenzi wayo oyintloko kukulawula ukukhanya okungena elisweni.
- Nxiba iiglasi zelanga ezisemgangathweni olungileyo rhoqo ukuze ukhusele amehlo akho kwimitha yelanga eyingozi.
- Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho embonweni, kwiintlungu, okanye nakweyiphi na imeko engaqhelekanga, bonana nogqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuba kwenzeka ingozi okanye ukulahleka kombono ngequbuliso, yiya kwiSebe lezeMpilo eziNgxamisekileyo (ETU) lesibhedlele ngoko nangoko.
- Iingxaki ezininzi zamehlo zinokubonwa kwangethuba ngokuhlolwa amehlo rhoqo.
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