Ngaba wena okanye umntu osondeleyo kuwe ukhe wafunyaniswa ukuba uneSifo Sephepha (TB) waza waqalisa unyango lwaso? Ukuba kunjalo, kusenokwenzeka ukuba ukhe weva ngeyeza elithi 'Isoniazid' (INH). Nangona igama lisenokuvakala linzima kancinci, ungakhathazeki. Eli liyeza elibaluleke kakhulu nelinamandla elilwa nesifo sephepha. Ngoko ke, ukuze sisuse onke amathandabuzo kunye noloyiko lwakho, masithethe ngeli yeza ngendlela elula necacileyo namhlanje.
Yintoni kanye kanye le yeza ibizwa ngokuba yi-Isoniazid (INH)?
Ngamafutshane, i-Isoniazid liyeza elinikwa ukunyanga okanye ukuthintela isifo sephepha (TB). Isifo sephepha sisifo esibangelwa ziintsholongwane. Eli yeza lisebenza ngokuthintela ukukhula kweentsholongwane zesifo sephepha emzimbeni.
Ngamanye amaxesha, eli yeza lingasetyenziswa ngezinye izizathu ngokwengcebiso kagqirha. Kodwa, khumbula rhoqo, kufuneka lisetyenziswe kuphela njengoko ugqirha emyalele.
Izinto ekufuneka uzixelele ugqirha wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale amayeza
Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise eli yeza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ugqirha wakho azi kakuhle imeko yakho yempilo. Qiniseka ukuba uxelele ugqirha wakho ukuba unenye yezi meko zilandelayo:
| Imeko yakho yempilo | Kutheni ufanele uxelele ugqirha? |
|---|---|
| Isifo seswekile | I-Isoniazid inokubangela utshintsho kumanqanaba eswekile egazini. |
| imeko ye-HIV | Kusenokubakho ukusebenzisana phakathi konyango lwe-HIV kunye ne-Isoniazid. |
| Ukusela utywala rhoqo | Umngcipheko wokonakala kwesibindi uphezulu kakhulu. |
| Isifo sezintso | Umthamo weyeza unokufuneka utshintshwe. |
| Isifo sesibindi | Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kuba i-isoniazid inokuchaphazela isibindi. |
| Ukungondleki kakuhle | Indlela elisebenza ngayo iyeza emzimbeni inokuchaphazeleka. |
| Izifo ze-neurological ezifana nokungaziva mnandi kwamalungu | Eli yeza linokubangela i-peripheral neuropathy. |
| Ukukhulelwa, ukuzama ukukhulelwa, okanye ukuncancisa | Ufanele uthethe nogqirha wakho malunga nemiphumo enokubakho kumntwana. |
| Ukunganyamezelani kwamanye amayeza, ukutya, okanye izinto | Ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba une-allergy kwi-Isoniazid okanye nayiphi na izithako zayo. |
Ndingayisebenzisa njani kanye kanye le yeza?
Le yeyona nxalenye ekufuneka uyilumkele kakhulu . Ukuze ufumane okuninzi kwiyeza, kufuneka ulisebenzise ngokuchanekileyo.
- Thabatha isisu esingenanto: Le yeyona nto ibalulekileyo. Iipilisi ze-Isoniazid kufuneka zithathwe esiswini esingenanto. Oko kukuthi, zithathe ubuncinane imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokutya okanye iiyure ezi-2 emva kokutya . Musa ukulithatha eli yeza kunye nokutya. Oku kuya kunciphisa ukufunxwa kweyeza emzimbeni.
- Ngeglasi yamanzi: Sela ipilisi neglasi yamanzi apheleleyo.
- Ngexesha: Ziqhelise ukuthatha amayeza akho malunga nexesha elifanayo yonke imihla.
- Musa ukutsiba iidosi: Oku kufana nokulwa notshaba. Ukuba siyeka ukulwa usuku olunye, utshaba luya komelela kwakhona. Ngokufanayo, ukuba siphosa idosi yeyeza, iintsholongwane zeTB zinokomelela kwakhona kwaye zikwazi ukumelana neyeza (Ukuchasana namayeza). Ngoko ke , musa ukutsiba idosi yeyeza nangasiphi na isizathu.
- Musa ukuyeka nokuba kulungile:Nokuba uziva ungcono emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa, ungayeki ukuthatha amayeza de ugqirha wakho akuxelele ukuba uwathathe. Kubalulekile ukuwathatha amayeza kwikhosi yonke yonyango (iinyanga ezi-6 nangaphezulu).
Wenza ntoni ukuba uphoswe yidosi yeyeza?
Ukuba uphoswe yidosi, yithathe ngokukhawuleza xa ukhumbula. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba sele kuza kufuneka uyithathe idosi elandelayo, yitsibe idosi oyiphosileyo uze uthathe idosi elandelayo ngexesha elicwangcisiweyo. Ungaze uthathe idosi ephindwe kabini ukuze ubuyisele idosi oyiphosileyo.
Kuthekani ukuba ndithatha amayeza amaninzi kakhulu?
Ukuba ucinga ukuba uthathe amayeza amaninzi kakhulu, yiya kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (i-ETU) elikufutshane ngoko nangoko . Okanye, fowunela iZiko loLwazi lweePoisons kwiSibhedlele sikaZwelonke saseColombo.
Amanye amayeza anokusebenzisana ne-Isoniazid
Le yingongoma ebaluleke kakhulu. I-Isoniazid liyeza elinokusetyenziswana namanye amayeza.
Qiniseka ukuba uxelela ugqirha wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo (amayeza ezinye izifo, iintlungu, iivithamini, imifuno yesintu, izongezo). Kwakhona xelela ugqirha wakho ukuba uyatshaya okanye usela utywala.
Ukusela amayeza athile nge-Isoniazid kunokubangela iingxaki ezinkulu.
- I-Acetaminophen (efana nePanadol): Ukuba ithathwa rhoqo, impembelelo kwisibindi inokwanda.
- Ii-antacids (ezifana neDigene, iAludrox): Ezi zinciphisa ukufunxwa kwe-Isoniazid emzimbeni. Ngoko ke, kuphephe ukuthatha ii-antacids kwiiyure ezi-2 ngaphambi okanye emva kokuthatha i-Isoniazid.
- Amayeza esifo seswekile: I-Isoniazid ingayitshintsha indlela esebenza ngayo la mayeza.
- Amayeza okuxhuzula (afana neCarbamazepine, iPhenytoin)
- I-Theophylline (iyeza le-asthma)
Olu luhlu aluphelelanga, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukwazisa ugqirha wakho malunga nawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo.
Yintoni enye endifanele ndiyazi xa ndithatha iyeza?
- Uvavanyo lwezonyango: Ugqirha wakho uza kukujonga rhoqo. Uza kuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi (Liver Function Tests - LFTs) ukujonga ukusebenza kwesibindi sakho. Musa ukulibazisa olu vavanyo kwaye ulwenze rhoqo.
- Kuphephe utywala: Kuphephe ukusela utywala ngokupheleleyo ngelixa usebenzisa i-Isoniazid. Ukudibana kwezi zinto zimbini kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwisibindi.
- Iivithamini: Eli yeza linokubangela ukwehla kwamanqanaba evithamini B6 kunye nevithamini D emzimbeni. Ukuthintela iziphumo ezinokubakho kwimithambo-luvo, ugqirha wakho uhlala ekubhalela ipilisi yevithamini B6 (Pyridoxine) . Ungaliphosi elo. Kubalulekile nokutya ukutya okunesondlo.
Zeziphi iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga endinokuba nazo?
Njengalo naliphi na iyeza, i-Isoniazid inokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwabanye abantu. Nangona kunjalo, ayinguye wonke umntu ozifumanayo. Into ebalulekileyo kukwazi ukuba zeziphi ezi ziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kwaye ziyingozi kangakanani.
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinzulu ezifuna unyango olukhawulezileyo | |
|---|---|
| Iimpawu ezinxulumene nesibindi | Ukutyheli kwamehlo okanye ulusu, umchamo omnyama, ukudinwa kakhulu, iintlungu kwicala eliphezulu lasekunene lesisu, isicaphucaphu, ukuhlanza, ukungabi namdla wokutya. |
| Iimpawu ezinxulumene nemithambo-luvo | Ukuba ndindisholo, ukutsha, intlungu, okanye ukurhawuzelelwa ezandleni okanye ezinyaweni. |
| Iimpendulo ze-allergy | Ukurhawuzelela kwesikhumba, ukurhawuzelela, ukudumba kobuso, imilebe okanye ulwimi, ubunzima bokuphefumla. |
| Ezinye iimpawu ezinzulu | Utshintsho ekuboneni, iintlungu zamehlo, umkhuhlane, ukuxhuzula, iingxaki zokukhumbula. |
| Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingezizo ezinzulu, kodwa ezifanele zixelwe kugqirha ukuba ziyaqhubeka: | |
| Ukungakhululeki kancinci kwesisu | Ukudumba, urhudo. |
| Okunye | Intloko ebuhlungu, ukungalali, ukukhuliswa kwamabele okanye iintlungu. |
Ugcina njani amayeza akho ekhuselekile?
- Gcina kude nokufikelela kwabantwana.
- Gcina kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi (phakathi kwe-15-30 Celsius), kude nokukhanya nokufuma, kwisikhongozeli esingangeni moya.
- Lahla amayeza aphelelwe lixesha.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Soloko usela i-Isoniazid (INH) esiswini esingenanto (ngaphambi okanye emva kweeyure ezi-2).
- Sela amayeza ixesha lonke elichazwe ngugqirha wakho, ngaphandle kokutsiba nayiphi na idosi . Musa ukuyeka unyango nokuba uzive ungcono.
- Kuphephe ngokupheleleyo utywala xa usebenzisa eli yeza.
- Ukuba ubona naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinje ngokutyheli kwamehlo/ulusu, umchamo omnyama, okanye ukungaziva mnandi kwamalungu omzimba, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
- Yazisa ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke ezinye iziyobisi ozisebenzisayo (kuquka iivithamini kunye namayeza esintu).
- Qiniseka ukuba uthatha ipilisi ye-vitamin B6 echazwe ngugqirha wakho.
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