Sisebenza nzima yonke imihla, akunjalo? Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba ngelixa usenza ezi zinto, kukho amalungu amabini amangalisayo emzimbeni wakho asebenza buthule, iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, angami nomzuzwana omnye? Ezo zizintso zethu. Ngamafutshane, ezi zezona 'nkqubo yokucoca' inamandla kakhulu emzimbeni wethu. Ukuba ezi ziyeka, umzimba wethu wonke uba yingxubakaxaka. Ngoko ke, masithethe ngezi zintso zixabisekileyo namhlanje.
Kalula nje, ziintoni izintso?
Izintso zizitho ezimbini ezimile okwembotyi ezilingana nesandla sesandla sethu. Zifumaneka kumacala omabini omqolo wethu, kumqolo ongezantsi, ngaphantsi nje kwembambo. Ziyinxalenye enkulu yenkqubo yethu yomchamo.
Khawucinge nje, izintso zakho zihluza malunga ne-180-190 yeelitha zolwelo yonke imihla . Oko kwanele ukuzalisa ibhafu enkulu! Ngexesha lale nkqubo yokucoca, inkunkuma kunye neetyhefu ziyahlulwa kwaye zikhutshwe emzimbeni njengomchamo (siwubiza ngokuba ' ngumchamo '). Sidla ngokukhupha malunga ne-1.5 - 2 yeelitha zomchamo ngosuku. Kuthekani ngolwelo olusele luhluziwe? Umzimba wethu uyalusebenzisa kwakhona. Ayimangalisi loo nto?
Ukongeza, izintso zikwadlala indima enkulu ekugcineni ulungelelwano phakathi kobuninzi bolwelo kunye neeminerali ezibalulekileyo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-electrolytes (ezifana ne-sodium kunye ne-potassium) emzimbeni wethu.
Zithini iindima eziphambili zezintso?
Izintso azingomatshini wokucoca igazi nje kuphela. Kukho okungaphezulu kwezi zitho zimbini zincinci kunoko. Makhe sijonge ezona zinto zibalulekileyo.
| Umsebenzi | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuhluza inkunkuma | Isusa inkunkuma enobungozi kunye nee-asidi egazini, ezifana ne-urea kunye ne-creatinine, kwaye izikhuphe njengomchamo. Malunga nesiqingatha sekomityi yegazi sicocwa ngale ndlela ngomzuzu. |
| Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi | Ivelisa iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-renin, enceda ukugcina uxinzelelo lwegazi lukwinqanaba elifunekayo. |
| Imveliso yamahomoni | Izintso zivelisa uhlobo olusebenzayo lwevithamini D (calcitriol), enceda umzimba ukuba ufunxe icalcium. Zikwavelisa ihomoni ebizwa ngokuba yi-erythropoietin, evuselela umongo wethambo ukuba wenze iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. |
| Ibhalansi ye-asidi-base (ibhalansi ye-pH) emzimbeni | Inceda ukugcina inqanaba elifanelekileyo le-asidi egazini lethu, ithintele ukuba ingandi. |
| Imveliso yeswekile | Ukuba inqanaba leswekile emzimbeni liyehla kakhulu, izintso zingenza iswekile (iglucose) ukuba kuyimfuneko. |
Le nkqubo 'yokucoca' igazi yenzeka njani?
Le yinkqubo enzima kakhulu, kodwa iyamangalisa. Kwizintso nganye, kukho iiyunithi zokucoca ezincinci ezingaphezu kwesigidi ezibizwa ngokuba zii-nephrons . Kufana nesihluzo seti esihluza amagqabi eti. Kukho iinxalenye ezimbini eziphambili kwi-nephron nganye:
- I-Glomerulus: Le 'sisihluzo' sokuqala. Njengoko igazi lidlula kule nethiwekhi yemithambo yegazi emincinci kakhulu, izinto ezinje ngamanzi, inkunkuma, kunye neetyuwa ziyahluzwa.
- Iityhubhu zezintso: Njengoko ulwelo oluhluzwa yi-glomerulus ludlula kwezi tyhubhu, umzimba uphinda ufunxe amanzi, izondlo kunye neeminerali ozifunayo . Kuphela yinkunkuma, amanzi angaphezulu, kunye nee-asidi ezikhutshwa njengomchamo.
Ziziphi iimeko eziqhelekileyo ezinokuchaphazela izintso?
Ngelishwa, kukho iimeko ezininzi zempilo ezinokwenzakalisa la malungu ethu axabisekileyo. Kubalulekile ukuzazi ezinye zazo.
- Isifo Sezintso Esingapheliyo (CKD): Le yimeko apho izintso ziphelelwa ngamandla azo ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izizathu eziphambili zisifo seswekile esingalawulekiyo kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu .
- Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso: Ukulahlekelwa ngumsebenzi wezintso ngequbuliso (ngokukhawulezileyo) okanye ixesha elide (elingapheliyo). Le yimeko embi kakhulu.
- Amatye Ezintso: Iityuwa zeeminerali emchameni ziyaqokelelana zize zenze iziqwenga ezincinci ezifana nelitye. Ukuba ezi zingena kumchamo, zinokubangela iintlungu eziqatha.
- Usulelo lwezintso:Le meko yenzeka xa iintsholongwane zihamba zingena kwizintso.
- Isifo sezintso esinePolycystic (PKD): Esi sisifo esibangelwa lufuzo. Iicysts ezininzi ezizaliswe lulwelo (iicysts) zikhula kwizintso. Oku kunokubangela ukuba izintso zingaphumeleli.
- Umhlaza Wezintso: Umhlaza unokwenzeka xa iiseli zezintso zikhula ngendlela engaqhelekanga.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezibangela ukurhanelwa kwesifo sezintso?
Eyona ngxaki inkulu kwizifo ezininzi zezintso kukuba azibonisi zimpawu zicacileyo kwizigaba zokuqala . Kubantu abaninzi, ezi mpawu zibonakala kuphela xa isifo sinzima kancinci. Kungoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba uqaphele kancinci ngezi zinto.
- Ukudumba emilenzeni, emaqatheni nasebusweni: Xa izintso zingakwazi ukususa ulwelo olugqithisileyo kunye nesodium, amanzi ayaqokelelana emzimbeni aze abangele ukudumba. Yiba nexhala ngakumbi ukuba ubona ukudumba okujikeleze amehlo akho xa uvuka kusasa.
- Utshintsho kumchamo:
- Ukwanda kokuchama rhoqo (ingakumbi ebusuku).
- Igazi kumchamo (umchamo ungabonakala upinki okanye umdaka omnyama).
- Umchamo onegwebu (oku kunokubonisa ukuba kukhutshwa iiproteni ezininzi kakhulu kumchamo).
- Ulusu olurhawuzelelayo nolomileyo: Oku kunokwenzeka xa inkunkuma iqokelelana egazini ize ichaphazele ulusu.
- Ukudinwa rhoqo kunye nobuthathaka: Xa ukuveliswa kwehomoni ebumba iiseli zegazi ezibomvu (i-erythropoietin) kuncipha, i-anemia inokukhula ize ibangele ukudinwa.
- Ukungabi namdla wokutya, isicaphucaphu, kunye nokuhlanza: Ezi mpawu zenzeka xa inkunkuma efana ne-urea isanda egazini.
- Intlungu yemisipha kunye nokuqina kwayo: Oku kunokwenzeka xa ibhalansi ye-electrolyte iphazamiseka.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuba ukuba unenye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi mpawu, ungoyiki kwaye ubone ugqirha wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuze akunike icebiso . Musa ukuqikelela nje.
Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezenziwayo ukujonga ukuba izintso zam ziphilile na?
Kukho iimvavanyo ezilula ezininzi ugqirha wakho anokuzisebenzisa ukujonga impilo yezintso zakho.
| Uvavanyo | Ubona ntoni kule nto? |
|---|---|
| Uhlalutyo lomchamo | Umchamo uyahlolwa ukuba akukho zinto zifana neproteni, igazi, kunye neswekile. Ezi zinto azihlali zilungile emchameni. |
| Uvavanyo lwegazi | Ngokukodwa, inqanaba le -creatinine egazini liyalinganiswa. I-Creatinine yimveliso elahliweyo. Ukuba iphezulu egazini, oko kuthetha ukuba izintso aziyihluzi kakuhle. |
| Iskena se-Ultrasound | Oku kunceda ukubona ubungakanani, imilo, kunye nokuba khona kwamatye okanye iithumba kwizintso. |
| I-Biopsy yezintso | Kuphela xa kuyimfuneko, ugqirha uza kuthatha iqhekeza elincinci kakhulu lesicwili sezintso aze alihlole phantsi kwemakroskopu. |
Izinto esinokuzenza ukuze sigcine izintso zethu ezixabisekileyo ziphilile
Kungcono ukuthintela isifo sezintso kunokubandezeleka siso xa sele sikhulile. Faka le mikhwa ilula ebomini bakho.
- Sela amanzi aneleyo: Sela ubuncinane iiglasi ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-10 zamanzi ngosuku. Oku kunceda izintso zihluze inkunkuma ngokulula.
- Lawula uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi kunye nesifo seswekile: Ukuba unale meko, thatha amayeza achazwe ngugqirha wakho ngqo. La mabini ziintshaba ezinkulu zezintso.
- Nciphisa ukungenisa ityuwa: Nciphisa ubuninzi betyuwa oyongeza ekutyeni kwakho. Ukutya okupakishwe kwiipakethe kunye nokutya okukhawulezayo kunetyuwa eninzi.
- Musa ukusebenzisa amayeza okudambisa iintlungu rhoqo: Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kwamayeza okudambisa iintlungu, ingakumbi ii-NSAID (umz., i-Ibuprofen, i-Diclofenac), ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha, kunokonakalisa izintso.
- Kuphephe ukutshaya: Ukutshaya konakalisa imithambo yegazi ehambisa igazi ezintso.
- Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni: Yenza umthambo rhoqo. Yitya ukutya okunesondlo.
- Fumana uvavanyo lwezonyango:Ingakumbi ukuba umntu kusapho lwakho unesifo sezintso, okanye ukuba unesifo seswekile okanye uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, khangela ukuba ukusebenza kwezintso zakho kuhlolwe ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Izintso zakho zizitho ezimbini eziphambili ezihluza inkunkuma emzimbeni, zilawula uxinzelelo lwegazi, kwaye zenze neminye imisebenzi emininzi ebalulekileyo.
- Isifo seswekile kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu zezona zinto zimbini ziphambili ezibangela umonakalo kwizintso. Kubalulekile ukulawula ezi zinto kakuhle.
- Qaphela iimpawu ezinje ngokudumba kwemilenze, utshintsho kumchamo, kunye nokudinwa kakhulu. Ukuba unamathandabuzo, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukusela amanzi aneleyo, ukunciphisa ityuwa, nokungaqhubeki nokusela amayeza okudambisa iintlungu ngaphandle kwengcebiso kagqirha kubaluleke kakhulu kwimpilo yezintso.
- Kuhle ukuba ujonge impilo yezintso zakho rhoqo, ingakumbi ukuba unezinto ezibangela umngcipheko.
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