Nokuba sinomkhuhlane okanye siziva sidiniwe kancinci, siqhele ukuya kugqirha. Xa sikwenza oko, uninzi lwexesha, ugqirha uyaphulaphula iimpawu zethu, asihlole, aze asithumelele kwilebhu ukuze afumane ulwazi oluthe kratya. Ngoko ke, ukuvavanya izinto ezifana negazi nomchamo ngale ndlela kuye kwaba yinxalenye eqhelekileyo yobomi bethu bempilo. Kodwa ubusazi na ukuba ngokuhambela phambili kwesayensi, indlela ezi vavanyo zelebhu ezenziwa ngayo kunye nendlela esitolika ngayo iziphumo zazo nazo ziyatshintsha kancinci kancinci? Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngezinye zeenguqu ezibalulekileyo eziye zenzeka kutshanje kwezinye zeemvavanyo zelebhu esizenzayo rhoqo.
Uvavanyo lweCholesterol (Iprofayili yeLipid) - Ngaba kufuneka ndilambe ngoku?
Khawucinge ukuba uneminyaka engaphezu kwama-40 ubudala. Okanye utyebile kancinci. Kuqhelekile ukuba ugqirha akunike uvavanyo lokujonga i-cholesterol yakho. Oku sikubiza ngokuba yi-'lipid profile '. Ngamafutshane, oku kujonga iintlobo zamafutha egazini lakho.
Olu vavanyo lugxile kwizinto ezine eziphambili:
- I-Cholesterol iyonke: Isixa esipheleleyo se-cholesterol egazini.
- I-HDL (i-High-Density Lipoprotein): Sonke siyazi oku njenge " cholesterol elungileyo ". Okukhona oku kuphezulu, kokukhona kungcono entliziyweni.
- I-LDL (i-Low-Density Lipoprotein): Le yi "cholesterol embi." Amanqanaba aphezulu oku anyusa umngcipheko wezifo ezifana nesifo sentliziyo kunye nesifo sohlangothi .
- Iitriglycerides : Olu lolunye uhlobo lwamafutha afumaneka egazini.
Besisoloko sisazi ukuba akufanele utye okanye usele nantoni na kangangeeyure ezisi-8 ukuya kwezili-12 ngaphambi kokuba wenze olu vavanyo. Oogqirha abaninzi bacebisa oku kuba babekholelwa ukuba ukutya esikutyayo kunokuchaphazela la maxabiso, ingakumbi ii-triglycerides.
Kodwa yintoni utshintsho olutsha ngoku?
Uphando lwakutshanje lufumanise ukuba kubantu abaninzi ,Akunyanzelekanga ukuba uzile ukutya ngaphambi kokwenza olu vavanyo. Kuba ukutya esikutyayo akunampembelelo ingako kumanqanaba e-cholesterol (HDL kunye ne-LDL). Nangona kunjalo, ukutya okunamafutha kunye neswekile kunokunyusa amanqanaba e-triglyceride okwethutyana.
Oku kuthetha ukuba ukuba uthatha uvavanyo ngaphandle kokuzila ukutya, kwaye amanye amaxabiso akho aqhelekile kodwa ii-triglycerides zakho ziphezulu kakhulu, ugqirha wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba uphinde uvavanye ngosuku lokuzila ukutya. Oku kuya kukunceda ubone ukuba ukufundwa kuphezulu ngokwenene okanye ukuba kukunyuka okwethutyana okubangelwa kukutya.
Ngoko ke, kwixesha elizayo xa ugqirha wakho ekucela ukuba wenze uvavanyo lwe-lipid profile, mbuze ngokuthe ngqo ukuba kufuneka uzile ukutya okanye hayi. Uninzi lwexesha, uya kukwazi ukuyiphepha loo ntlungu yendlala icaphukisayo.
Uvavanyo lokufumanisa isifo seswekile
Isifo seswekile sisifo esixhaphakileyo kwilizwe lethu. Kukho inani elikhulu labantu abakwimeko yokuba nesifo seswekile ngaphambi kokuba sivele, oko kukuthi, abasengozini enkulu yokuba nesifo seswekile. Ngoko ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufumana uvavanyo oluchanekileyo ukuze kubonwe esi sifo kwangethuba.
Ngaphambili, indlela ephambili yokuvavanya isifo seswekile yayikukuvavanya iswekile yegazi ngokuzila ukutya (Fasting Blood Sugar) kunye novavanyo lokunyamezela iglucose ngomlomo (OGTT) olwenziwa emva kweeyure ezimbini emva kokusela isisombululo seswekile. Olu vavanyo lwe-OGTT lunzima kancinci. Kufuneka uzile ukutya ubusuku bonke, uye kwilebhu kusasa, usele isiselo esineswekile, uze ulinde malunga neeyure ezimbini.
Yeyiphi indlela elula ngoku? Uvavanyo lwe-HbA1c!
Kutshanje, olunye lovavanyo oluqhelekileyo olusetyenziswa ngoogqirha ukuxilonga nokulawula isifo seswekile yiHemoglobin A1c , okanye iHbA1c ngamafutshane.
Ngamafutshane, oku kulinganisa ubungakanani beswekile (iglucose) enamathele kwiproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-hemoglobin kwiiseli zakho ezibomvu zegazi. Ekubeni iseli ebomvu yegazi inobomi obumalunga neentsuku ezingama-90-120, olu vavanyo lunokukunika umbono olungileyo wamanqanaba akho aphakathi eswekile egazini kwiinyanga ezi-2-3 ezidlulileyo . Akunyanzelekanga ukuba ulambele oku, kwaye kungenziwa nangaliphi na ixesha losuku.
Kodwa kukho "kodwa" okuncinci nakule nto...
Nangona uvavanyo lwe-`HbA1c` lulula kakhulu kwaye luthembekile, kutshanje kufunyaniswe ukuba iziphumo zisenokungabi zichanekile ngokupheleleyo kubantu abaneengxaki ezithile zempilo. Oku kunokuba yinyani ngakumbi kubantu abanezifo ezichaphazela iiseli ezibomvu zegazi .
Umzekelo:
- I-anemia: Yimeko eqhelekileyo kakhulu phakathi kwabasetyhini kwilizwe lethu. Kwezinye iintlobo ze-anemia, ixabiso le-`HbA1c` lisenokubonakala liphezulu okanye liphantsi kunokuba linjalo ngokwenene.
- Isifo seSickle Cell:Kwiimeko zemfuza ezinje ngezi, amaxabiso e-HbA1c anokutshintsha ngenxa yotshintsho kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi.
Oku akuthethi ukuba uvavanyo lwe-`HbA1c` alulunganga. Nangona kunjalo, ayisiyongcinga ilungileyo ukusekela izigqibo zakho kwinani elinye kwingxelo yakho yelebhu. Ingakumbi ukuba ixabiso lakho le-`HbA1c` liphakathi kwamanqanaba aqhelekileyo kunye namanqanaba eswekile, ugqirha wakho uya kuqwalasela ezinye iimeko, ezifana ne-anemia, kwaye unokucebisa ezinye iimvavanyo, ezifana nenqanaba leswekile egazini lokuzila ukutya, ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Uhlalutyo lomchamo - Ngaba wonke umntu kufuneka alwenze rhoqo ngonyaka?
Abantu abaninzi baqhele ukwenza uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomchamo (uvavanyo lomchamo) ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka. Sasicinga ukuba oko kuya kuba luvavanyo oluqhelekileyo losulelo lomchamo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwezintso.
Kodwa ngoku imeko yahlukile!
Izikhokelo zempilo ezaziwayo kwihlabathi liphela ngoku zicebisa ukuba akukho ncedo lungako ekwenzeni uvavanyo lomchamo njengovavanyo olulula xa kungekho zimpawu . Endaweni yoko, kwanele ukwenza olu vavanyo kuphela ukuba kukho naziphi na iimpawu.
| Amathuba | Yintoni ecetyiswayo okwangoku |
|---|---|
| Ukuba uneempawu zomchamo: (umz., usulelo lomchamo, iintlungu, ukuchama rhoqo, ivumba elibi) | Kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza uvavanyo lomchamo. |
| Njengovavanyo lwempilo oluqhelekileyo , ngaphandle kweempawu | Uvavanyo lomchamo alusoloko luyimfuneko. |
| Ukuba ungumama okhulelweyo | Uvavanyo lomchamo oluqhelekileyo luyimfuneko njengenxalenye yovavanyo oluqhelekileyo ngexesha lokukhulelwa. |
Ngoko ke ujonga njani ukusebenza kwezintso?
Oogqirha ngoku baxhomekeke kakhulu kuvavanyo lwegazi ukuze babone ukuba izintso zisebenza kakuhle kangakanani. Lubizwa ngokuba yi-`eGFR (estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate)`. Oku kudla ngokuba yinxalenye yephakheji yovavanyo lwegazi ye-`Basic Metabolic Panel` esiyenzayo. Oku kunika umbono ochanekileyo wokusebenza kwezintso kunovavanyo lomchamo.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Cholesterol (Iprofayili yeLipid): Kwiimeko ezininzi, akufuneki uzile ukutya kolu vavanyo. Nangona kunjalo, cela ingcebiso kugqirha wakho.
- Isifo seswekile (HbA1c): Olu luvavanyo oluhle olukuxelela ngamanqanaba eswekile egazini lakho kwiinyanga ezi-2-3 ezidlulileyo. Nangona kunjalo, iziphumo zingahluka kancinci kwiimeko ezifana ne-anemia.
- Uvavanyo lomchamo: Ukuba awunazo iimpawu (ngaphandle kokuba ukhulelwe), akukho sizathu sokwenza olu vavanyo. Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-eGFR luchaneke ngakumbi ekuhloleni ukusebenza kwezintso.
- Okubaluleke kakhulu: Musa ukoyika okanye wenze izigqibo ngokusekelwe kumanani akwingxelo yakho yelebhu. Ngugqirha wakho kuphela, owazi imbali yakho yempilo epheleleyo, onokuqonda ngokwenene ukuba zithetha ukuthini. Soloko uxoxa ngeziphumo zovavanyo lwakho nogqirha wakho.
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