Isibindi sesinye sezona zinto zithuleyo nezixakekileyo emzimbeni wethu. Senza umsebenzi omninzi ngaphandle kokuba siqaphele. Ukususela ekuncedeni ekugayeni ukutya ukuya ekususeni iityhefu emzimbeni, uluhlu lwazo lwemisebenzi lude. Ngoko ke ngamanye amaxesha kufuneka sijonge ukuba kukho into engalunganga ngesi sibindi sisebenza nzima, ukuba sidiniwe, kwaye ukuba senza umsebenzi waso ngokufanelekileyo na. Ngethamsanqa, sinokufumana okuninzi ngale nto ngovavanyo lwegazi olulula. Namhlanje sithetha 'ngovavanyo lweSibindi', olwaziwa ngumntu wonke njenge-LFTs.
Kalula nje, yintoni le Ndlela yoVavanyo lweSibindi (LFT)?
Kulula kakhulu. Ii-LFTs luluhlu lweemvavanyo ezisebenzisa isampuli yegazi encinci ethathwe kumthambo osengalweni yakho. Zilinganisa ubungakanani bezinto ezahlukeneyo (ezifana nee-enzymes kunye neeproteni) eziveliswa sisibindi sakho okanye eziqokelelana egazini lakho xa isibindi sakho sonakele.
Khawuthelekelele uthatha imoto yakho ukuze ilungiswe. Umkhandi ulinganisa izinto ezifana neoyile yenjini kunye ne-coolant ukuze afumane umbono wemeko yenjini, akunjalo? Ngendlela efanayo, ugqirha ujonga amanqanaba ezi zinto egazini lakho ukuze afumane umbono obalulekileyo ngempilo nokusebenza kwesibindi sakho.
Kutheni ugqirha angakuxelela ukuba wenze le LFT?
Kusenokuba nezizathu ezininzi zokuba ugqirha wakho angacebisa olu vavanyo.
- Jonga ukuba kukho isifo sesibindi esirhanelwayo: Ukuba uneempawu ezifana ne-jaundice, amehlo amthubi, iintlungu kwicala lasekunene lesisu sakho, okanye uzive udiniwe, ungacelwa ukuba wenze olu vavanyo kuba urhanela ukuba une-hepatitis okanye esinye isifo.
- Jonga isifo sesibindi esele sikhona: Ukuba sele unesifo sesibindi (umzekelo, isifo sesibindi), olu vavanyo lwenziwa rhoqo ukuze kubonwe ukuba siqhuba njani, nokuba isifo siya sibi na, okanye ukuba siyalawuleka na.
- Jonga ukuba unyango luphumelele na: Olu vavanyo lukwanceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba amayeza anikwe isifo sesibindi ayasebenza na kwaye ingaba isifo siyaphucuka na.
- Jonga iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza owasebenzisayo: Amanye amayeza, afana namayeza okwehlisa i-cholesterol kunye namayeza okudambisa iintlungu ahlala ixesha elide, anokuchaphazela isibindi. Ngoko ke, xa usebenzisa amayeza anjalo, oogqirha nabo benza le LFT ukujonga ukuba kukho na impembelelo kwisibindi.
Zeziphi izinto eziphambili ezijongwayo kwi-LFT?
Xa ujonga ingxelo ye-LFT, uza kubona iqela leeleta kunye namanani esiNgesi. Ekuqaleni, kunokubonakala ngathi kuyinkimbinkimbi, kodwa nganye kwezi nombolo ikuxelela ngemiba eyahlukeneyo yokusebenza kwesibindi. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi ezi zinto zibalulekileyo.
| Igama lovavanyo | Ithetha ntoni le nto? |
|---|---|
| Iienzyme zesibindi I-ALT, i-AST, i-ALP, i-GGT | Ezi zezona zaziwayo. Xa iiseli zesibindi zonakele, zenzakele, okanye zivuvukile, ezi enzymes zikhutshwa zingene egazini. Ngoko ke ukuba amanqanaba azo aphezulu egazini, oko kuthetha ukuba isibindi siphantsi koxinzelelo oluthile. |
| Iprotheyini iyonke kunye neAlbumin | Isibindi senza uninzi lweeproteni ezifunekayo emizimbeni yethu. I-Albumin yenye yeeproteni eziphambili. Xa isibindi singasebenzi kakuhle, ukuveliswa kwale proteni kuyancipha. Oku kunokubangela amanqanaba aphantsi eeproteni egazini. |
| I-Bilirubin | Le yinkunkuma etyheli eyenzeka xa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ziqhekeka. Isibindi esisempilweni sithatha le bilirubin, siyidibanise nenyongo, size siyisuse emzimbeni. Xa isibindi sinengxaki, lo msebenzi awusebenzi kakuhle. Emva koko i-bilirubin iqokelelana egazini, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amehlo nolusu lube tyheli. Sikwabiza oku ngokuba yi-'yellow fever'. |
| Ixesha leProthrombin (PT) | Isibindi sikwavelisa iiproteni ezikhethekileyo (izinto ezibangela ukujiya kwegazi) ezinceda ukujiya kwegazi. Uvavanyo lwe-PT lulinganisa ukuba kuthatha ixesha elingakanani ukuba igazi lakho lijiye. Ukuba isibindi sonakele, ukuveliswa kwezi proteni kuyancipha. Oku kwandisa ixesha elithathayo ukuze igazi lijiye. |
Ingaba olu vavanyo lwegazi lunzima ukulwenza?
Akunjalo konke konke. Oku kulula kakhulu kwaye kungenziwa ngemizuzu embalwa.
Xa usiya esibhedlele okanye elebhu, umongikazi okanye ingcali iza kufumana umthambo engalweni yakho kufutshane nengqiniba yakho ize icoce loo ndawo. Emva koko, besebenzisa inaliti encinci, baza kuqokelela igazi elincinci kwi-vial. Usenokuziva urhawuzelelwa kancinci, kodwa liza kuphela ngokukhawuleza. Emva kokuba igazi litsaliwe, isampuli ithunyelwa elebhu. Kungathatha iiyure ezimbalwa okanye usuku okanye ezimbini ukuba iziphumo zibuye.
Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukubuza ugqirha wakho ukuba kufuneka uzile ukutya ngaphambi kolu vavanyo. Ngamanye amaxesha, unokucelwa ukuba uzile ukutya kuba kwenziwa kunye nezinye iimvavanyo.
Ungayiqonda njani ixabiso elikwingxelo? (IiRanges eziqhelekileyo)
Xa ufumana ingxelo yakho, uza kubona amanqaku akho kuvavanyo ngalunye, kunye 'noLuhlu oluQhelekileyo'. Kodwa kukho into enye ebaluleke kakhulu ekufuneka uyikhumbule apha.
Musa ukoyika okanye ugqibe kwelokuba unesifo xa ubona amaxabiso ale ngxelo. Ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokukuqonda oku ngokuchanekileyo aze afikelele kwisigqibo esihambelana nemeko yakho.
Kuba uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwamaxabiso lunokwahluka kancinci kwilabhoratri nganye. La maxabiso anokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezifana nobudala kunye nesini.
Nazi ezinye zeendlela ezisetyenziswa rhoqo zokulinganisa ixabiso:
| Uvavanyo | Uluhlu oluQhelekileyo |
|---|---|
| I-Alanine transaminase (ALT) | 0 ukuya ku-45 IU/L |
| I-Aspartate transaminase (AST) | 0 ukuya ku-35 IU/L |
| I-alkaline phosphatase (ALP) | 30 ukuya kwi-120 IU/L |
| I-Bilirubin | Ii-micromoles ezi-2 ukuya kwezili-17/L |
| Ixesha leProthrombin (PT) | Imizuzwana eli-10.9 ukuya kweli-12.5 |
| I-Albumin | 40 ukuya kuma-60 g/L |
Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba amanqanaba aphezulu e-ALT kunye ne-AST athetha ukuthini?
Into yokuqala abantu abaninzi abayiqwalaselayo kwingxelo ye-LFT ngamanqanaba amabini ee-enzyme, i-ALT kunye ne-AST. Ukuba la manqanaba aphezulu, oko kubonisa ukuba kukho umonakalo othile kwiiseli zesibindi.
Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha bajonga nomlinganiselo wala maxabiso mabini. Umzekelo, ukuba ixabiso le-AST liphindwe kabini kunexabiso le-ALT, lidla ngokubonisa umonakalo wesibindi ngenxa yokusebenzisa utywala. Ukuba la maxabiso omabini ayafana, kusenokwenzeka ukuba kungenxa yesinye isizathu (umzekelo, usulelo lwentsholongwane).
Zeziphi izifo eziboniswa yi-LFT?
Le yinto ekufuneka siyiqonde. Uvavanyo lwe-LFT linyathelo lokuqala kuhambo lokuxilonga. Lufana nomqondiso wokuqala ofunyanwa ngumcuphi. Iziphumo zolu vavanyo zodwa azinakuqinisekisa ngokuqinisekileyo isifo. Nangona kunjalo, lunika ugqirha isikhokelo esifanelekileyo sokuba ingxaki ikuphi kwaye yintoni ekufuneka ayenze emva koko.
Ukuba iziphumo ze-LFT aziqhelekanga, kunokufuneka iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo, ezifana ne-ultrasound scan, ezinye iimvavanyo zegazi ezikhethekileyo, kwaye mhlawumbi ne-biopsy yesibindi.
Ezinye zeemeko ezinokuboniswa luvavanyo lwe-LFT zezi:
- Isifo sesibindi esinamafutha
- Ukonakala kwesibindi ngenxa yetyhefu (i-Toxic Hepatitis)
- I-hepatitis ebangelwa yintsholongwane (i-Hepatitis A, B, okanye C ebangelwa yintsholongwane)
- Inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ihlasela isibindi (i-Autoimmune Hepatitis)
- I-Cirrhosis - ukuvaleka kunye nokushwabana kwesibindi
- Iingxaki zombhobho wenyongo
- Umhlaza wesibindi
- Izifo ezidluliselwa kwilifa ezifana ne-hemochromatosis
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Uvavanyo lweSibindi (i-LFT) luvavanyo lwegazi olulula kakhulu nolukhuselekileyo olunika ulwazi oluninzi malunga nempilo yesibindi sakho.
- Wakuba ufumene iziphumo zolu vavanyo, musa ukutsiba ufikelele kwizigqibo ngokusekelwe kulwazi olukwi-intanethi. Oko kuya kudala uloyiko olungeyomfuneko.
- Ngugqirha wakho kuphela onokukunika ingcaciso echanekileyo ngokuthelekisa amaxabiso akwingxelo yakho kunye neempawu zakho kunye nolunye ulwazi lwezonyango.
- Ayizizo zonke izihlandlo apho amaxabiso e-LFT enyuka khona, oko kuthetha ukuba kukho isifo esinzima. Ngamanye amaxesha inokuba sisizathu esilula, njengamayeza owasebenzisayo okanye usulelo lwexeshana. Kodwa kubalulekile ukuphanda ngaso.
- Isibindi sisitho esibalulekileyo esisebenza buthule. Ngoko ke, ukuba ugqirha uyasicebisa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwenza uvavanyo olufana nolu ukujonga impilo yesibindi.
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