Ngaba uziva ngathi une-testosterone ephantsi? Masifunde ngqo ngolu tshintsho emzimbeni wendoda (i-Male Hypogonadism)!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva udiniwe, ungenamdla kwinto ethile, okanye unombuzo omncinci malunga nezinto ezinxulumene nobudoda? Mhlawumbi isizathu soku kukwehla kwehomoni ye-testosterone emzimbeni wakho. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngoku kwehla kwamanqanaba e-testosterone , okanye njengoko oogqirha beyibiza, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yiMale Hypogonadism . Ungakhathazeki, le yinto enokwenzeka kubantu abaninzi, kwaye kukho unyango lwayo.

Kuthetha ukuthini ukuba ne-testosterone ephantsi?

Ngamafutshane, i-testosterone ephantsi ithetha ukuba amasende akho (amadlala avelisa isidoda kumadoda) awavelisi i-testosterone eyaneleyo. Ukuchaneka, le testosterone iveliswa ziiseli zeLeydig ezingaphakathi kwamasende.

Le meko inokuba neempawu ezahlukeneyo kwiminyaka eyahlukeneyo. Kwakhona, amanqanaba e-testosterone ngokwendalo ayancipha kancinci njengoko amadoda ekhula. Oku kubizwa ngamanye amagama, umzekelo:

• Isifo sokungabikho kweTestosterone
• Ukunqongophala kweTestosterone
• I-hypogonadism ephambili
• I-hypogonadism yesibini

Kutheni i-testosterone ibaluleke kangaka?

I-Testosterone yeyona hormone ibalulekileyo yamadoda. Ibalulekile ekuphuhlisweni kweempawu zamadoda kunye nokuveliswa kwesidoda (i-spermatogenesis). Amadoda anamanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu e-testosterone emizimbeni yawo kunabafazi.

I-Testosterone inceda ukugcina nokuphuhlisa ezi zinto emzimbeni wendoda:

• Izini
• Ubungakanani bezihlunu
• Inqanaba leeseli ezibomvu zegazi elisempilweni
• Ubuninzi bamathambo
• Impilo yengqondo entle
• Umsebenzi wesondo nowokuzala

Ngokwesiqhelo, imizimba yethu ilawula amanqanaba e-testosterone egazini lethu. Aphezulu kakhulu kusasa kwaye ancipha kancinci kancinci njengoko imini iqhubeka.

I-hypothalamus kunye ne-pituitary gland engqondweni yakho zilawula ukuba ingakanani i-testosterone eveliswayo nekhutshwayo ngamasende akho.

I-hypothalamus ikhupha i-gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) . Oku kubonisa i-pituitary gland ukuba ikhuphe i-luteinizing hormone (LH) . I-LH emva koko iya kumasende ukuze ivuselele ukuveliswa kwe-testosterone. I-pituitary gland ikwakhupha i-follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ukunceda ukuvelisa isidoda.

Ngoko ke, ukuba kukho ingxaki ngamasende akho, i-hypothalamus, okanye i-pituitary gland, amanqanaba akho e-testosterone anokwehla.

Ngawaphi amanqanaba athathwa njenge "testosterone ephantsi"?

Ngokutsho kwe-American Urology Association (AUA), inqanaba le-testosterone egazini lomntu omdala lithathwa njengeliphantsi ukuba lingaphantsi kwama-nanograms angama-300 nge-deciliter nganye (300 ng/dL).

Nangona kunjalo, abanye abaphandi kunye noogqirha abavumelani ngokupheleleyo nale ngcamango. Abanye bakholelwa ukuba nantoni na engaphantsi kwe-'250 ng/dL' ithathwa njengephantsi. Nangona kunjalo, oogqirha ngokuqinisekileyo baya kuziqwalasela iimpawu zakho xa begqiba ukuba une-testosterone ephantsi na.

Ngubani osengozini enkulu yokwehla kwe-testosterone?

Le meko inokuchaphazela amadoda aneminyaka emingaphi, ukususela ekuzalweni ukuya ebudaleni.

Nangona kunjalo, aba bantu banamathuba amaninzi okuba ne-testosterone ephantsi:

• Kwabantu abadala
• Kwabo batyebe kakhulu (abatyebe kakhulu)
• Kubantu abanesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini esingalawuleki kakuhle
• Kwabo bane-apnea yokungalali kakuhle
• Abantu abanezifo ezingapheliyo ezifana nokungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso kunye ne-cirrhosis yesibindi
• Kwabo baphila ne-HIV/AIDS

Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko?

Kunzima kubaphandi ukutsho ngqo ukuba i-testosterone ephantsi iqheleke kangakanani, kuba izifundo ezahlukeneyo zichaze "i-testosterone ephantsi" ngokwahlukileyo.

Ngokweminye imibiko, amadoda anokuba yi-2% anokuba nale meko. Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba amadoda angaphezu kwe-8% aphakathi kweminyaka engama-50 ukuya kwengama-79 anamanqanaba aphantsi e-testosterone.

Ziziphi iimpawu ze-testosterone ephantsi?

Iimpawu ze-testosterone ephantsi zingahluka kakhulu kumntu nomntu, ingakumbi kuxhomekeke kwiminyaka.

Iimpawu kumadoda amadala

Ukuba unezi mpawu, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba usenokuba ne-testosterone ephantsi:

• Ukuncipha komnqweno wesondo
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-erectile
• Ukulahleka kweenwele emakhwapheni nakwiindawo zabucala
• Ukuncitshiswa kwamasende
• Ubushushu obugqithisileyo
• Ukuncipha okanye ukungabikho kwenani lesidoda (i-Azoospermia), okunokubangela ubunzima ekukhulelweni kwabantwana.

Ezinye iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Uxinzelelo (ingxaki yeemvakalelo)
• Ubunzima bokugxila nokukhumbula
• Amafutha omzimba anyukileyo
• Ukwandiswa kwamabele endoda (iGynecomastia)
• Ukuncipha kwamandla emisipha kunye nobukhulu bayo
• Ukuqina komzimba okunciphileyo

Iimpawu kubantwana (ngaphambi okanye ngexesha lokufikisa)

Ukuba amanqanaba e-testosterone enkwenkweni ayancipha ngaphambi okanye ngexesha lokufikisa, isenokuba neempawu ezifana nezi:

• Ukukhula kobude kucotha, kodwa amalungu anokukhula ixesha elide ngokungalinganiyo kunezinye iindawo zomzimba.
• Ukukhula kweenwele okunciphileyo kwindawo yabucala.
• Ukuncipha kokukhula kwamasende kunye namasende.
• Ukuncipha kokujula kwelizwi.
• Ukuncipha kwamandla nokunyamezela okunxulumene nobudala.

Zithini izizathu zokuba ne-testosterone ephantsi?

Kukho izizathu ezininzi zokuba amanqanaba e-testosterone anciphe. Le meko iwahlulahlulwe kwiindidi ezimbini eziphambili:

1. I-primary hypogonadism: Oku kubangelwa yingxaki ngamasende ngokwawo.

2. I-hypogonadism yesibini: Oku kubangelwa kukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-pituitary gland okanye i-hypothalamus engqondweni.

Zombini ezi ntlobo zinokubangelwa zizizathu zokuzalwa okanye zizizathu ezifunyenweyo ezenzeka kamva (ebuntwaneni okanye ebudaleni).

Izizathu ze-hypogonadism ephambili

Okwenzekayo kule meko kukuba kukho ingxaki ngamasende, nto leyo ewathintela ekuveliseni i-testosterone ngokuqhelekileyo.

Elinye igama lale nto yi- hypergonadotropic hypogonadism . Kulapho i-pituitary gland ivelisa iihomoni ezininzi ze-LH kunye ne-FSH (ezaziwa ngokuba zii-gonadotropins) ngenxa ye-testosterone ephantsi. Ngokwesiqhelo, xa ezi homoni ziphezulu, amasende axelelwa ukuba enze i-testosterone kunye nesidoda esingaphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba amasende onakele (ngokufuthi ngenxa ye-chemotherapy yomhlaza) okanye ukuba amasende akakho, awakwazi ukuphendula kwezi gonadotropins zinyukileyo. Ngenxa yoko, i-testosterone kunye nesidoda esincinci kakhulu okanye asiveli kwaphela.

Ngamanye amaxesha kwi-primary hypogonadism, amanqanaba e-gonadotropin anokunyuswa nangona amanqanaba e-testosterone ekwinqanaba eliqhelekileyo. Ingcali yakho iya kukuchazela oku nokuba unyango luyimfuneko na nokuba i-testosterone iqhelekile.

Izizathu zokuzalwa:

• Ukungabikho kwamasende xa ezalwa (i-Anorchia)
• I-Cryptorchidism (ukungaphumeleli kwamasende ukwehla kwi-scrotum)
• Uphuhliso olungaphelelanga lweeseli zeLeydig kumasende (i-Leydig cell hypoplasia)
• Isifo sikaKlinefelter (amadoda azalwa ene-chromosome X eyongezelelweyo endaweni ye-XY - XXY)
• I-Noonan syndrome (imeko engaqhelekanga yemfuza, inokubangela ukufikisa okulibazisekileyo, amasende angakhuliyo, okanye ukungazali)
• I-Myotonic dystrophy (iqela lezifo zobuthathaka bemisipha ezizuzwe njengelifa)

Izizathu ezifunyenweyo:

• Ukwenzakala okanye ukususwa kwamasende.
• Ukudumba kwesende elinye okanye omabini (orchitis). Oku kudla ngokubangelwa lusulelo lwebhaktiriya (umz. izifo ezidluliselwa ngesondo), okanye kunokubangelwa lusulelo lwentsholongwane olufana ne-mumps.
• Ukunika amasende unyango lwe-chemotherapy okanye i-radiation.
• Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza.
• Ukusetyenziswa kwe-anabolic steroid.

Izizathu ze-hypogonadism yesibini

I-hypogonadism yesibini ibangelwa ziimeko ezichaphazela ukusebenza kwe-hypothalamus kunye/okanye i-pituitary gland. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.Ikwabizwa ngokuba yi-"low testosterone" kuba amanqanaba eehomoni ezithi `LH` kunye nethi `FSH` aphantsi apha. La manqanaba aphantsi abangela ukwehla kwe-testosterone kunye nemveliso yesidoda.

Izizathu zokuzalwa:

• I-hypogonadotropic hypogonadism ehlukanisiweyo (amanqanaba aphantsi e-GnRH ukususela ekuzalweni)
• I-Kallmann syndrome (imeko engaqhelekanga yemfuza, ukungaphumeleli kokuphuhlisa iiseli zemithambo-luvo kwi-hypothalamus evelisa i-GnRH. Ukulahlekelwa yivumba nako kunokwenzeka)
• I-Prader-Willi syndrome (isifo esingaqhelekanga semfuza esineenkqubo ezininzi esinokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwe-hypothalamus)

Izizathu ezifunyenweyo:

• I-Hypopituitarism (oku kunokubangelwa yi-pituitary tumor (adenoma), usulelo, ukwenzakala, unyango ngemitha, okanye utyando)
• I-Hyperprolactinemia (amanqanaba aphezulu e-hormone prolactin)
• Isinyithi esigqithisileyo emzimbeni (iHemochromatosis)
• Ukulimala kwengqondo okanye entloko
• Isifo sikaCushing
• Isifo sesibindi
• Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwezintso
• I-HIV/AIDS
• Ingxaki yokusebenzisa utywala
• Isifo seswekile esingalawulwa kakuhle
• Ukutyeba kakhulu (ukutyeba kakhulu)
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala
• Amayeza athile (umz. i-estrogen, amayeza atshintsha imood, i-metoclopramide, ii-opioids, amanye amayeza omhlaza we-prostate)

I-hypogonadism eqala emva kwexesha (LOH) luhlobo lwe-hypogonadism yesibini eyenzeka xa umntu ekhula ngendlela eqhelekileyo. Njengoko amadoda ekhula, ukuveliswa kwe-testosterone kunye/okanye isidoda kuyehla ngenxa yokusebenza kakubi kwe-hypothalamic-pituitary kunye nokusebenza kweseli yeLeydig.

I-LOH kunye ne-testosterone ephantsi ziqhelekile phakathi kwamadoda anesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini, ukutyeba kakhulu, kunye/okanye ukutyeba kakhulu.

Kolunye uphando, ama-30% amadoda atyebileyo ayenezinga le-testosterone eliphantsi, xa kuthelekiswa nama-6% kuphela amadoda anobunzima obuqhelekileyo. Kolunye uphando, ama-25% amadoda anesifo seswekile sohlobo lwesibini ayenezinga le-testosterone eliphantsi, xa kuthelekiswa nama-13% kuphela amadoda angenayo isifo seswekile.

Ungazi njani ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba une-testosterone ephantsi?

Ukuba uneempawu ze-testosterone ephantsi, ugqirha uza kukwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Baza kukubuza nemibuzo malunga nembali yakho yezonyango, amayeza owaselayo okanye owawaselayo, nokuba uyatshaya, kunye nazo naziphi na iimpawu ezikhoyo ngoku. Baza kuyalela uvavanyo lwegazi oluninzi.

Ukuze axilonge, ugqirha uya kuqwalasela iimpawu zakho kunye neziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi.

Luhlobo luni lovavanyo oluqhutywayo?

Ezi mvavanyo zinokunceda ukuqinisekisa i-testosterone ephantsi kwaye zifumane unobangela:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi olupheleleyo lwe-testosterone: Oku kudla ngokufuna ukuba kuthathwe iisampuli ezimbini zegazi phakathi kwentsimbi yesi-8 neye-10 kusasa, kuba kulapho amanqanaba e-testosterone ephezulu khona. Kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho ukuba ubugula okanye usandula ukuchacha kwisifo. Kwimeko yengxamiseko, iziphumo zinokuba ziphantsi ngokungeyonyani.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-Luteinizing hormone (LH): Oku kunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ingxaki kwi-pituitary gland yimbangela yokuba ne-testosterone ephantsi.
• Uvavanyo lwegazi lweprolactin: Amanqanaba aphezulu eprolactin angaba luphawu lwengxaki ye-pituitary gland okanye ithumba.

Yintoni unyango lwe-testosterone ephantsi?

Oogqirha banyanga i-testosterone ephantsi nge -Testosterone Replacement Therapy (TRT) . Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokwenza oku:

• Ijeli yeTestosterone (esetyenziswa eluswini): Le jeli kufuneka isetyenziswe imihla ngemihla kulusu olucocekileyo nolomileyo njengoko kuyalelwe ngugqirha wakho. Okubaluleke kakhulu, musa ukuvumela ijeli ukuba idibane nomnye umntu ngesikhumba. Le yeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo esetyenziswa eMelika.
• Iinaliti ze testosterone ezifakwa ngaphakathi kwezihlunu: Wena okanye ugqirha unokukunika le naliti kwisihlunu rhoqo emva kweveki e-1-2. Kukwakho neenaliti ze testosterone ezisebenza ixesha elide ezinikwa rhoqo emva kweeveki ezili-10. Kukwakho neenaliti ezingaphantsi kolusu ezinikwa phantsi kolusu.
• I-Testosterone patch (i-skin patch): Le patch kufuneka isetyenziswe eluswini yonke imihla njengoko ugqirha wakho eyalele. Indawo yokufaka isicelo kufuneka ijikeleziswe rhoqo ukuthintela ukusabela kwesikhumba.
• Iipellets zeTestosterone (ezingaphantsi kwesikhumba): Ingcali iya kuzifakela ezi pellets phantsi kwesikhumba kangangeenyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu. Ezi zibonelela ngedosi ezinzileyo yetestosterone ixesha elide.
• Iipilisi ze-Buccal testosterone: Ezi ziipilisi ezinamathelayo ezibekwa kwiintsini kabini ngemini. I-Testosterone ingena ngokukhawuleza egazini ngeentsini.
• Ijeli yempumlo yeTestosterone: Le jeli kufuneka isetyenziswe kuzo zombini iimpumlo kathathu ngemini.
• I-testosterone yomlomo: Uhlobo lwe-testosterone olubizwa ngokuba yi-undecanoate lunikwa amadoda ane-testosterone ephantsi ngenxa yeemeko ezithile zonyango, ezifana ne-Klinefelter syndrome, okanye iithumba ezonakalisile i-pituitary gland.

Nangona kunjalo, usenokungakwazi ukufumana unyango lokutshintshwa kwe-testosterone ukuba unembali yayo nayiphi na kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Umhlaza weprostate.
• Iqhuma le-prostate elingahlolwanga. (Wonke umntu kufuneka ahlolwe i-prostate yakhe ngaphambi kokuba aqalise unyango lwe-testosterone.)
• Umhlaza webele.
• Ukusilela kwentliziyo okungalawulekiyo.
• I-apnea yokungalali kakuhle enganyangwanga.

Zithini iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango lokutshintshwa kwe-testosterone?

Ezi zilandelayo zinokwenzeka njengeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zolu nyango:

• Ulusu oluthanda ukuba namaqhakuva okanye amafutha.
• Ukudumba kweqatha ngenxa yokuqokelelana kolwelo emzimbeni.
• Iimpawu ezinje ngokuba nzima ukuchama ngenxa yokukhuthazwa yiprostate.
• Ukwandiswa kwebele okanye intlungu.
• Ukuwohloka kwe-apnea yokulala.
• Amasende amancinci.
• Ukuba usebenzisa i-testosterone efakwe eluswini, usenokuba nokurhawuzelelwa kunye nokudumba kwesikhumba.

Utshintsho olunokubonwa kwiingxelo zelebhu:

• Ukwanda kwe-antigen ethile ye-prostate (PSA).
• Ukwanda kwenani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi.
• Inani eliphantsi lesidoda, nto leyo ekhokelela ekubeni umntu angakwazi ukufumana abantwana (ukungakwazi ukufumana abantwana). Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kubafana abaselula abazama ukufumana abantwana.

Ngaba ukwehla kwe-testosterone kungathintelwa?

Oogqirha nabaphandi abakayazi indlela yokuthintela ukwehla kwe-testosterone, nokuba kungenxa yezizathu zemfuza okanye umonakalo kumasende, kwi-hypothalamus, okanye kwi-pituitary gland.

Nangona kunjalo, le mikhwa yendlela yokuphila inokunceda ukugcina amanqanaba e-testosterone eqhelekileyo:

• Ukutya ukutya okunempilo.
• Ukuzilolonga.
• Ukulawula ubunzima.
• Kuphephe ukusebenzisa utywala neziyobisi ngokugqithisileyo.

Kwenzeka ntoni ukuba une-testosterone ephantsi? Ungalindela ntoni?

Akukho sisombululo sinye esifanelekileyo kwi-testosterone ephantsi. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhubeka nonyango olufanelekileyo lokutshintshwa kweehomoni, unokuphucula inkanuko yakho yesondo, unciphise iimpawu zokudakumba, kwaye wongeze amandla akho. Unyango lunokunyusa ubunzima bemisipha kunye noxinano lwamathambo.

Amadoda aswele i-testosterone anezinga lokufa eliphezulu kakhulu kunamadoda anamanqanaba aqhelekileyo e-testosterone. Nangona kunjalo, akucaci ukuba ukubuyisela amanqanaba e-testosterone kumanqanaba aqhelekileyo kuya kunciphisa eli zinga lokufa linyukayo. Unyango lugxile kakhulu ekulawuleni iimpawu, kungekhona ekujoliseni amanqanaba e-testosterone.

Kwimeko ye-hypogonadism yokuzalwa, unyango lokutshintshwa kwe-testosterone luhlala lunceda ukuthintela iingxaki ezinxulumene nokufikisa okulibazisekileyo.

Ufanele ubonane nini nogqirha malunga ne-testosterone ephantsi?

Ukuba usebenzisa unyango lokutshintshwa kweehomoni, kubaluleke kakhulu ukubona ugqirha wakho rhoqo ukuze ahlolwe.

Ukuba uneempawu ze-testosterone ephantsi, ezinje ngokuncipha kwenkanuko yesini okanye ukurhawuzelelwa sisisu, thetha nogqirha. Uza kukuhlola aze akuyalele ukuba uvavanye igazi.

Ukuba umntwana wakho akabonakalisi zimpawu zokufikisa xa eneminyaka eli-14 ubudala, thetha nogqirha wakhe wabantwana.

Abantu abaninzi abazinanzi iimpawu ze-testosterone ephantsi njengenxalenye eqhelekileyo yokwaluphala. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uneempawu ezichaphazela umgangatho wobomi bakho, ngokuqinisekileyo kufanelekile ukuziqwalasela. Ukuba ufumana iimpawu ezikhathazayo ze-testosterone ephantsi, bona ugqirha ukuze uxoxe ngeendlela zonyango.

Eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekufuneka uyikhumbule kweli nqaku (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

I-testosterone ephantsi yimeko enokuchaphazela amadoda. Inokubangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zomzimba nezengqondo. Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza kukungabi naloyiko okanye ukuba neentloni ngayo, kodwa kukufuna iingcebiso zonyango. Ukuba uneempawu, musa ukuzithatha njengeziqhelekileyo zokwaluphala.

Xa uxilongiwe ngendlela eyiyo kwaye ufumana unyango olufanelekileyo, ungaphila ubomi obutofotofo. Khumbula, awuwedwa, kwaye uncedo luyafumaneka.

I- Testosterone, iihomoni zamadoda, i-hypogonadism, impilo yesondo, unyango lweehomoni, impilo yamadoda, ukungabikho kwamandla