Ngaba ungathanda ukwazi nge-lymph node biopsy yakho?

Ngaba ugqirha ukhe wakuxelela ukuba kufuneka wenze i-lymph node biopsy? Okanye yinto ecwangciselwe umhlobo wakho kwaye unomdla kuyo? Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika kwaye unexhala xa usiva oku. Kodwa ukuba sikuqonda kakuhle oku, singakunciphisa olo loyiko kunye novalo. Ngoko ke, namhlanje siza kuthetha nje ngokuba yintoni i-lymph node biopsy, kutheni yenziwa, indlela eyenziwa ngayo, kunye nokuba kwenzeka ntoni emva koko.

Yintoni i-lymph node biopsy?

Ngamafutshane, i-lymph node biopsy luvavanyo lokujonga naziphi na iimpawu zesifo, ingakumbi umhlaza, kwii-lymph nodes zakho. Kolu vavanyo, ugqirha (odla ngokuba ngugqirha wotyando okanye i-radiologist) ususa yonke okanye iqhekeza elincinci le-lymph node yakho. Emva koko, enye ingcali ebizwa ngokuba yi-pathologist ihlola izicubu kwilebhu.

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba zeziphi ezi lymph nodes. Ezi lymph nodes zizitho ezincinci ezikuwo wonke umzimba wethu, malunga nobukhulu be-pea. Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukucoca ulwelo lwe-lymph `(Lymph)` oluvela kwiiseli zethu kunye nezicubu, kunye nokubamba izinto eziyingozi kunye neentsholongwane ezikuyo. Khawucinge nje, iintsholongwane ezingena emzimbeni wethu zivalelwa ngaphakathi kwezi lymph nodes. Kwakhona, umhlaza ofana ne-`(Lymphoma)` unokuqala ngqo kwii-lymph nodes. Ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza zinokusasazeka ziye kwii-lymph nodes.

Ngoko ke, ngokuthatha eli candelo lincinci lesicubu size silihlolisise, sinokubona neempawu ezingabonakaliyo. Iziphumo zale `(Lymph Node Biopsy)` zivumela oogqirha ukuba bazi kakuhle ukuba isifo sikhona na, bafumanise ubunzulu baso, baze emva koko bagqibe ngonyango olungcono.

Ugqirha ucebisa nini ukuba kwenziwe i-biopsy?

Kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili zokuba ugqirha wakho angacebisa ukuba kwenziwe i-lymph node biopsy:

• Ukufumanisa umhlaza nokufumanisa inqanaba lawo. Oogqirha benza olu vavanyo ukuze babone ukuba umhlaza ukhona na kwaye ukuba usasazeke ngaphaya kwendawo yokuqala. Olu lwazi lusetyenziselwa ukucwangcisa unyango lwakho. Lukwakunika umbono wokuba zeziphi iziphumo onokuzilindela kunyango (ukuxela kwangaphambili).
• Fumanisa ukuba yintoni ebangela ukudumba kweqatha. Kuqhelekile ukuba amaqatha adumbe xa sigula. Oku kwenzeka xa sinomkhuhlane okanye umkhuhlane. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ukudumba akuyehli kwaye kuqhubeke, kwaye ugqirha akafumani sizathu, ngoko ke kufuneka i-biopsy. Isenokuba lusulelo olukhulu , okanye inokuba sisifo senkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela esifana ne-sarcoidosis.

Xa unikwa olu vavanyo, ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ukuba yeyiphi imeko ayicingayo kunye nokuba bavavanya ntoni. Ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukubuza nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba unayo.

Ziziphi iintlobo ze-lymph node biopsies ezikhoyo?

Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-`(Lymph Node Biopsy)`. Makhe sibone ukuba zeziphi:

• I-Biopsy ye-Sentinel Node: Oku kwenziwa ukujonga ukuba umhlaza usasazeke ngaphaya kwendawo yokuqala, ukuya kwii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane. Kule nkqubo, ugqirha ufumana ii-lymph nodes ezikufutshane ne-tumor (ezibizwa ngokuba zii-sentinel lymph nodes), azisuse, aze azihlole ukuba azinazo na iiseli zomhlaza.

• I-Needle Biopsy: Ezinye iithumba zifumaneka phantsi kolusu lwethu, kwiindawo ezilula ukufikelela kuzo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, le ndlela ye-needle biopsy iyasetyenziswa. Kukwakho neentlobo ezimbini zale nto:
• Ukufuthwa Kweenaliti Ezincinci (i-FNA): Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa inaliti encinci kakhulu, engenanto ukususa ulwelo kunye neeseli kwiqhuma.
• I-Core Needle Biopsy: Oku kuquka ukusebenzisa inaliti enkulu kancinci kune-FNA ukuthatha isampuli yezicubu ezipheleleyo.

• I-Open Biopsy: Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuba ithumba lingaphakathi emzimbeni kwaye alinakufikelelwa lula ngesikhumba, kusetyenziswa le ndlela ye-open biopsy. Kule meko, ugqirha wenza umkrwelo omncinci (incision) eluswini, afikelele kwithumba, aze alisuse ngokupheleleyo (Excisional Biopsy)) okanye inxalenye yalo (Incisional Biopsy)).

Ngamanye amaxesha oogqirha babiza olu hlobo lwe-"biopsy" ngokusekwe kwindawo apho kukho khona amaqhuma. Iindawo eziphambili zezi:

• I-biopsy ye-lymph node ye-axillary.
• I-biopsy ye-lymph node yomlomo wesibeleko.
• I-biopsy ye-inguinal lymph node.

Yintoni endimele ndiyilindele ngaphambi kovavanyo?

Ugqirha wakho uza kukubuza imibuzo embalwa enxulumene nempilo ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukhuselekile kuwe ukwenza olu vavanyo. Baza kukubuza malunga noku:

• Amayeza owasebenzisayo: Oku kuquka amayeza abhalwe ngugqirha, amayeza athengiswa ngaphandle kwemvume kagqirha, amayeza emifuno, iivithamini, kunye nezongezo zesondlo. Ufanele uxelele ugqirha wakho ngazo zonke ezi zinto.
• Imbali yakho yezonyango: Baza kufuna ukwazi ukuba unayo nayiphi na ingxaki yokopha (oko kukuthi, ukopha kakhulu kunesiqhelo), ukuba une-allergies kwi-anesthesia okanye i-latex, kunye nokuba ukhulelwe okanye ukhulelwe.

Kwangaxeshanye, ugqirha uya kukunika le miyalelo:

• Ngawaphi amayeza ekufuneka ayekiswe kwiintsuku ezingaphambi kovavanyo?, into ekufuneka uqhubeke uyithatha.
• Ngaba kufuneka "uzile ukutya" ukuze uyeke ukutya nokusela ixesha elithile ngaphambi kovavanyo?
• Ngaba udinga umntu oza kukusa ekhaya aze akunyamekele? Kuba, kuxhomekeke kwi-biopsy, kusenokungabi lula ukuqhuba okanye ukuba wedwa kwiiyure ezingama-24 zokuqala. Nokuba awuthintelwanga ukuqhuba, licebo elihle ukuba nomntu oza kukuthuthuzela xa uphuma esibhedlele.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela nokuba kuza kwenzeka ntoni ngomhla wovavanyo. Ungathandabuzi ukubuza nayiphi na imibuzo onayo ngeli xesha.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngexesha le-lymph node biopsy?

Uza kulaliswa etafileni yovavanyo. Nokuba loluphi uhlobo lwe-biopsy oluqhutywayo, ugqirha uza kukunika i-anesthesia ukuze ungeva ntlungu. Ukuba iqhuma likufutshane nolusu, uza kufumana i-anesthesia yendawo kuphela, evala loo ndawo. Kodwa ukuba iqhuma lingaphakathi emzimbeni wakho, uza kunikwa i-anesthesia eqhelekileyo, ekwenza ulale ngokupheleleyo.

Emva kokuba ulele okanye indawo yakho iphelelwe ngamandla, ugqirha uza kwenza oku kulandelayo:

• Iqhuma elifuna ukuxilongwa liyafunyanwa. Ugqirha angasebenzisa i-ultrasound, i-computed tomography (CT) scan, okanye i-mammogram ukuze afumane indawo echanekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha idayi ekhethekileyo okanye i-tracer ingafakwa. Ezi ziya kuphuma ziye kumaqhuma zize zibonakale ngakumbi.
• Ithumba lisuswa lonke okanye inxalenye yalo. Bazama ukonakalisa izicwili ezincinci kangangoko kunokwenzeka kwaye banciphise okanye bathintele amanxeba.
• Inxeba liza kuthungwa kwaye kufakwe ibhandishi. Usenokunikwa izithungo ezifunxayo, okanye ungacelwa ukuba ubuye kwiintsuku ezimbalwa ukuze kususwe izithungo.

I-lymph node biopsy ibuhlungu kangakanani?

Xa ugqirha efaka inaliti yokubulala iintlungu, ivakala ngathi kukuhlatywa ngenaliti encinci, kulandele ukutsha okuncinci. Nangona kunjalo, awuyi kuva ntlungu ngexesha lenkqubo. Ungaziva ungakhululekanga emva koko. Nangona kunjalo, ungayilawula loo ntlungu ngokuthatha amayeza okudambisa iintlungu (afumaneka kwiikhemesti anomyalelo kagqirha) de inxeba liphole.

Ugqirha uza kukunika ingcebiso malunga nokuba zeziphi izithomalalisi zentlungu onokuzisela.

Ithatha ixesha elingakanani i-lymph node biopsy?

Uvavanyo olulula lwenaliti lunokuthatha imizuzu eli-10 ukuya kwengama-30. Uvavanyo oluvulekileyo lunokuthatha malunga nemizuzu engama-45. Oku kuxhomekeke kakhulu ekubeni kulula kangakanani ukufikelela kwi-mole yakho.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kokwenziwa kwe-lymph node biopsy?

I-lymph node biopsy idla ngokuba yinkqubo yokulaliswa ngaphandle kwesibhedlele, oko kuthetha ukuba ungaya ekhaya ngaloo mini inye.

Ngaphambi kokuba ugoduke, ugqirha wakho uza kujonga izalathisi zempilo yakho (ubushushu, izinga lokubetha kwentliziyo, njl.njl.) ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukhuselekile ukuba ugoduke. Baza kukunika nemiyalelo yokuba ungayinyamekela njani indawo yovavanyo lwebhayoloji kunye nendlela yokuzinyamekela.

Baza kukucebisa ngezinto ezifana nezi:

• Indlela inxeba elimele liphole ngayo ngokuqhelekileyo. Umzekelo, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba nokopha, ukudumba, ukukrweleka, kunye nokungakhululeki kwiintsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala emva kokwenziwa kwe-lymph node biopsy. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ukopha kuyanda, iintlungu ziyanda, okanye indawo ye-biopsy iba bomvu kwaye ibonise iimpawu zosulelo, ayiqhelekanga loo nto.
• Indlela yokugcina inxeba licocekile kwaye ulinyamekele. Ukuze unciphise umngcipheko wokosuleleka, unokucelwa ukuba ungahlambi, usebenzise iibhafu ezishushu, mhlawumbi ude uhlambe iintsuku ezimbalwa.
• Baza kukuxelela indlela yokuzinyamekela, ukuba ungaqala nini ukuthatha amayeza akho kwakhona, kunye nendlela yokusingatha umsebenzi wakho ngaphandle kokuzibhokoxa umzimba wakho ngexesha lokuchacha. Banokukucebisa nokuba ungaphakamisi nantoni na enzima kunobunzima obuthile.

Ngaphambi kokuba ugoduke, qiniseka ukuba uyaqonda kakuhle into omawuyenze ngokulandelayo. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba uza kuqhagamshelana nini nogqirha ukuba inxeba alipholi kakuhle.

Ziziphi iingozi ze-lymph node biopsy?

I-lymph node biopsy idla ngokuba yinkqubo ekhuselekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, akukho nkqubo yezonyango engenabungozi kwaphela. Nazi ezinye zeengxaki ezingaqhelekanga ezinokwenzeka:

• Usulelo: Oku akuqhelekanga, kodwa ukuba kuyenzeka, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukunyanga usulelo.
• Ukopha okonyukayo kwindawo yovavanyo lwegazi: Umngcipheko wakho wokopha uxhomekeke kuhlobo lwe-biopsy kunye nobungakanani bezicubu ezisusiweyo ngugqirha. Baza kukuxelela ukuba ulindele ukopha okungakanani.
• Ukuba ndindisholo kwindawo yokwenziwa i-biopsy: Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba umthambo wonakaliswe ngexesha lokwenziwa i-biopsy. Oku kundindisholo kudla ngokunyamalala kwinyanga enye okanye ezimbini.
• Ukudumba kufutshane nendawo ye-biopsy (i-Lymphedema) : Oku kunokwenzeka ukuba kukho ingxaki ngokuhamba kolwelo lwe-lymph emva kokususwa kwethumba. Oku kunqabile kuba zimbalwa iithumba ezisuswayo ngexesha le-biopsy.
• I-Axillary Web Syndrome (`(Axillary Web Syndrome)`) okanye `(Cording)`: Emva kokususa iintwala ekhwapheni lakho, ungabona ukubonakala okufana nentambo phantsi kwesikhumba ngaphakathi kwengalo yakho. Ukufakwa kwentambo kunqabile kakhulu emva kovavanyo lwe-biopsy. Kuphela ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Zithini iziphumo? Zithetha ukuthini ezo ziphumo?

Iziphumo ze-`(Lymph Node Biopsy)` zibonisa ukuba unesifo esithile (`(Esilungileyo)` - oko kuthetha ukuba unesifo) okanye akunjalo (`(Esibi)` - oko kuthetha ukuba awunaso isifo).

Umzekelo, ukuba ufumana iziphumo ezithi "zilungile", oko kungathetha ukuba uneeseli zomhlaza emasendeni akho. Ugqirha uya kwenza olunye uvavanyo ukuze abone ukuba umhlaza uqale emasendeni akho okanye ukuba usasazeke kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho.

Ugqirha wakho uza kukucebisa ngento omawuyenze ngokulandelayo ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zakho.

Ndiza kuzazi nini iziphumo?

Unokufumana iziphumo ngaloo mini inye, okanye kungathatha iiveki ezimbalwa.

Kwimeko apho kurhanelwa ukuba kukho umhlaza, i-lymph node biopsy idla ngokwenziwa ngaloo mini inye. Emva kwe-biopsy, ugqirha angakucela ukuba ulinde isikhashana ukuze isampuli ihlolwe. Ukuba iziphumo zakho zilungile, oko kuthetha ukuba unomhlaza, ugqirha angasusa ezinye izicwili ngaloo mini ukuze abone ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani. Emva koko akuyi kufuneka ubuye kwakhona ukuze ubuye.

Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ulindele nini iziphumo kunye nendlela oza kuzifumana ngayo (abanye oogqirha bayafowunela, abanye bazithumela kwi-intanethi nge-portal eyimfihlo yezigulane).

Ndingaqhagamshelana nini nogqirha?

Ukuba ubona naziphi na kwezi mpawu zosulelo, qhagamshelana nogqirha wakho ngoko nangoko:

• Umkhuhlane kunye nokubanda.
• Ukudumba, ubushushu, ukuba bomvu, okanye ukuphuma kolwelo olungaqhelekanga kwindawo yokuxilongwa.

Uninzi lwabantu luyachacha ngaphandle kweengxaki, kodwa ukuba uneengxaki, soloko ufowunela ugqirha wakho.

Ekugqibeleni, umyalezo wokubuyela ekhaya

Kuqhelekile ukuziva udidekile, unexhala, kwaye mhlawumbi uxinezelekile xa ufumanisa ukuba udinga i-lymph node biopsy. Kuqhelekile nokuba ufune ukwenza oku ngokukhawuleza kangangoko kwaye wazi impendulo.

Ngelixa ulinde uvavanyo lwakho (okanye iziphumo), khumbula oku: Nangona i-biopsy inokubona iimeko ezinzulu, inokubonelela ngoncedo olukhulu. Umzekelo, iziphumo zakho zinokubonisa ukuba umhlaza wakho awusasazekanga. Zinokukunika nombono wokuba zeziphi iindlela zonyango zomhlaza ezilungileyo zokulawula esi sifo. Nangona oku kunokubangela intlungu, ulwazi olufumanayo kwi-lymph node biopsy lubalulekile kwimpilo yakho yekamva kunye nokuphila kakuhle.Khumbula loo nto.

I- lymph node biopsy, umhlaza, i-biopsy, ukudumba kwe-lymph node, i-lymph node biopsy, i-sentinel node biopsy, i-needle biopsy, i-open biopsy