Ngamanye amaxesha sizibuza oku, "Ndinembali yomhlaza kwintsapho yam, ngoko ke ndizibuza ukuba ndinokuba nayo na." Enyanisweni, ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza zinokubangelwa ziimpembelelo zemfuza ezidluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Umzekelo, iLynch Syndrome yimeko eyonyusa kakhulu umngcipheko womhlaza, kodwa ayithethwa kakhulu ngayo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela oku. Ngoko masithethe ngayo namhlanje.
Ngamafutshane, yintoni iLynch Syndrome?
I-Lynch syndrome yimeko yemfuza edluliselwa kumzali ukuya emntwaneni, okanye ilifa . Umntu onesi sifo unamathuba amaninzi, okanye usemngciphekweni, wokufumana iintlobo ezithile zomhlaza kunezinye.
Ngokukodwa, umntu onesi sifo unethuba eliphezulu le-40% ukuya kwi-80% lokufumana umhlaza we-colonectal xa eneminyaka engama-70. Kukwakho nomngcipheko ophezulu wokufumana umhlaza wesibeleko, ama-ovari, kunye nesisu. Okukhethekileyo ngale nto kukuba umhlaza ungakhula kwangethuba kakhulu kunobudala obuqhelekileyo bomhlaza, mhlawumbi kwiminyaka engama-30 okanye engama-40.
Ngaphambili, oogqirha babeyibiza ngokuba yi-HNPCC (Heredary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer), kodwa ngoku igama elithi Lynch syndrome lisetyenziswa kakhulu.
Yintoni unobangela wale meko?
Ukuze sikuqonde oku, makhe sicinge ngemizimba yethu okomzuzwana. Imizimba yethu yenziwe ngeebhiliyoni zeeseli. Ezi seli zihlala zahlulahlula kwaye zenza iiseli ezintsha. Cinga ngayo njengokwenza iikopi ngomatshini wokufotokopa. Xa iiseli zahlukana ngale ndlela, ngamanye amaxesha kwenzeka iimpazamo ezincinci. Kodwa ngethamsanqa, i-DNA yomzimba wethu ine-'mismatch repair genes' ekhethekileyo eqaphela ezi mpazamo kwaye izilungise.
Umntu one-Lynch syndrome unesiphako okanye impazamo kwenye yezi 'genes zokujonga' . Emva koko, xa ezo seli zahlukana, ezinye iimpazamo azilungiswa, kwaye iiseli ezinesiphako ziyaqhubeka zahlukana, kwaye ezinye iiseli ezinesiphako ziqala ukwakheka emzimbeni. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezi seli zinesiphako ziba ngumhlaza.
Ukuba umama okanye utata wakho unale meko, unethuba elingama-50% lokuyifumana njengelifa.
Ziziphi iimpawu ezibonisa ukuba umntu une-Lynch syndrome?
Kukho amanqaku abalulekileyo anokubangela inkxalabo malunga nale meko. Ukuba enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zichaphazela wena okanye usapho lwakho, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthetha nogqirha.
| Ixesha lokukrokrela iLynch Syndrome | |
|---|---|
| Imbali yomhlaza womntu | Unesifo somhlaza we-colorectal ngaphambi kokuba ufikelele kwiminyaka engama-50. |
| Imbali yomhlaza wosapho |
|
| Izimila ezingezizo ezomhlaza | Iipolyps, uhlobo lokukhula okungengomhlaza kumathumbu amakhulu, zenzeka ebuntwaneni. |
Ungayibona njani le meko?
Ukuba wena okanye umntu kusapho lwakho unesifo somhlaza kwaye ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba kusenokwenzeka ukuba sibangelwa yiLynch syndrome, isampuli encinci yomhlaza inokuvavanywa. Kukho iindlela ezimbini eziphambili zokwenza oku:
- Uvavanyo lwe-Immunohistochemistry (IHC): Olu vavanyo lweentlobo zeeproteni ezifumaneka kwiiseli zomhlaza. Ukuba iiproteni eziveliswa yi-'checker genes' esithethe ngazo ngaphambili azikho kwezo seli, inokuba luphawu lwe-Lynch syndrome.
- Uvavanyo lwe-Microsatellite instability (MSI): Olu vavanyo lujonga ngokuthe ngqo iimpazamo kwi-DNA yeeseli zomhlaza.
Ukuba ezi mvavanyo ziqinisekisa ukuba une-Lynch syndrome, okanye ukuba ucinga ukuba usemngciphekweni kuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho onayo le meko, ungenza uvavanyo lwemfuza kwisampulu yegazi ukuze ufumane ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba ngaba nawe unayo le ngxaki yemfuza.
Inkxaso evela kuMcebisi wezeMvelo
Ngeli xesha, ugqirha wakho angakuthumela kumcebisi wezemfuza. Baza kukuchazela izinto ezininzi ngale nto.
- Indlela isifo seLynch esizuzwa ngayo kusapho.
- Ithetha ukuthini ingxelo yovavanyo lwakho lwemfuza.
- Indlela ezi ziphumo ezichaphazela ngayo umngcipheko wakho womhlaza.
- Amathuba okuba abantwana bakho baza kulizuza eli jini kuwe.
- Iindlela zakho zokuthintela umhlaza.
Khumbula, ukufunyanwa une-Lynch syndrome akuthethi ukuba ngokuqinisekileyo uza kuba nomhlaza . Kuthetha nje ukuba umngcipheko wakho uphezulu kakhulu kunezinye.
Ukuba une-Lynch syndrome, iphathwa njani?
Eyona nto ingcono onokuyenza xa usazi ukuba unale meko kukuya rhoqo uyokuhlolwa umhlaza. Emva koko, nokuba umhlaza uyaqhubeka, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufunyanwe kwangethuba kwaye uphile ngokupheleleyo . Umzekelo, umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu unokunyangeka kwi-90% yamatyala ukuba ufunyanwe kwangethuba.
Ugqirha wakho uya kugqiba ukuba loluphi uvavanyo ekufuneka ulwenze kwaye uludinga kangaphi. Uvavanyo oluhlala lucetyiswa zezi:
- IiColonoscopies: Ukuqala kwiminyaka engama-20-25 ubudala, ungacelwa ukuba wenze olu vavanyo rhoqo ngonyaka okanye emibini. Oku kuhlola iipolyps okanye iimpawu zomhlaza emathunjini amakhulu.
- Ii-Endoscopy: Ukususela kwiminyaka yakho engama-30, oku kungenziwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-3-5 ukuze kuhlolwe isisu namathumbu.
- Uvavanyo lwabasetyhini: Emva kweminyaka engama-30, iimvavanyo ezifana novavanyo lwe-pelvic, i-ultrasound ye-transvaginal, okanye i-uterine biopsy zinokucetyiswa minyaka le ukujonga isibeleko kunye nama-ovari.
Abanye abantu, ingakumbi abafazi abaye baba nabantwana, bathetha noogqirha babo malunga notyando lokuthintela umhlaza ukuze banciphise umngcipheko wokuba nomhlaza. Oku kuthetha ukususwa kwekholoni, isibeleko, okanye ama-ovari ngotyando ngaphambi kokuba umhlaza uvele. Esi sisigqibo somntu siqu ngokupheleleyo.
Ukubaluleka kwendlela yokuphila enempilo
Nangona ujongwa rhoqo, ukuphila ubomi obusempilweni kukwanceda ekunciphiseni le ngozi.
- Yitya ukutya okutyebileyo kwimifuno, iziqhamo, iimbotyi kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo.
- Yenza umthambo rhoqo .
- Lawula ubunzima bakho.
- Nciphisa ukusetyenziswa kotywala.
Ezinye izifundo zibonise ukuba ukuthatha i-aspirin enedosi ephantsi imihla ngemihla kunokunciphisa lo mngcipheko, kodwa kufuneka uphando oluthe kratya ngale nto. Ngoko ke , ungaze uqale ukuthatha amayeza wedwa ngaphandle kokubonisana nogqirha wakho.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Lynch syndrome yimeko yemfuza edluliselwa kwizizukulwana ngezizukulwana. Iyandisa umngcipheko weentlobo ngeentlobo zomhlaza, kuquka umhlaza wamathumbu amakhulu kunye nomhlaza wesibeleko.
- Ukuba kukho umntu kusapho lwakho oye waba nomhlaza eselula (ingakumbi ikoloni okanye isibeleko), oko kungaba yingxaki.
- Ukuba unamathandabuzo okanye uxhalabile ngale nto, qiniseka ukuba uthetha nogqirha wakho. Uza kukunika ulwalathiso olufanelekileyo.
- Ukufunyanwa ukuba unale meko akuthethi ukuba umhlaza uza kuvela. Lithuba lokuthatha amanyathelo okuzikhusela kumhlaza kwangethuba.
- Ukuhlolwa rhoqo sesona sixhobo sakho sinamandla. Nokuba umhlaza uyenzeka, unokubonwa kwangethuba kwaye unyangwe ngempumelelo.
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