Ngaba nawe uziva ugula ngequbuliso? Sisiphi esi sifo sivela ngaphandle kwesizathu? (Isifo sokusebenza kweMast Cell)

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ugula kakhulu ngequbuliso? Kufana nokuba ne-allergy enzima. Mhlawumbi umzimba wakho wonke ujika ube bomvu, urhawuzelelwe, uvuvukale, unesicaphucaphu esiswini, uhlanza, okanye unengxaki yokuphefumla. Kodwa ezi zinto azenzeki kuba utye into ethile okanye uchukumise into ethile. Ukuba ezi zinto zenzeka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, isenokuba yimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-`Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS).` Makhe sithethe ngale nto ngokweenkcukacha namhlanje.

Yintoni i-"Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS)"?

Ngamafutshane, i-MCAS yimeko apho uhlobo lweseli emzimbeni wethu olubizwa ngokuba yi-"mast cells" lusebenza kakhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo, nto leyo ebangela iimpawu ezinzulu. Ngoku usenokuba ucinga, "Yiloo nto i-allergy." Ewe, i-allergy ikwabandakanya ukusebenza kwe-"mast cells." Kodwa i-allergy idla ngokuba nesizathu esicacileyo . Umzekelo, abanye abantu bafumana i-allergy kwi-shrimp, i-peanuts, okanye i-dust mites. Kodwa kwi-MCAS, kunzima ukufumana unobangela othile. Ezi mpawu zibonakala ngequbuliso.

Kwezinye iimeko, ukusebenza kwezi mast cells kunokukhokelela kwi-allergy eyingozi kakhulu, esongela ubomi ebizwa ngokuba yi-anaphylaxis. Oku kunokubangela ubunzima bokuphefumla kunye nokwehla okuyingozi koxinzelelo lwegazi. Ukuba ufumana imeko enzima ye-anaphylaxis, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba ku-911 okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka elikufutshane ngoko nangoko.

Iiseli zeMast zifana namajoni kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela. Zinceda ekulweni nosulelo. Ngoko ke, kuqhelekile ukuba uzive usoyika xa unezi mpawu zingafunyaniswanga. Kodwa kuqhelekile ukuba iiseli zeMast zisebenze. Umzekelo, iiseli zeMast zisebenza kwiimeko ezifana ne-allergy rhinitis, i-asthma, i-anaphylaxis kumayeza okanye ukutya, kunye ne-mastocytosis. Yiyo le nto isenza sibe nezi mpawu zicaphukisayo, ngamanye amaxesha eziyingozi.

Nangona kunjalo, i-``Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS)`` yimeko engaqhelekanga kakhulu . Oogqirha baxilonga i-MCAS ukuba kukho ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ukuba uneempawu eziphindaphindayo ocinga ukuba zinokuba yi-anaphylaxis ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo.
• Ukuba ezi mpawu zichaphazela ngaphezu kwesinye seenkqubo zomzimba wakho ngaxeshanye (umzekelo, ulusu kunye namathumbu).
• Ukuba iimvavanyo zibonisa ubungqina bokuba iiseli zemast ziyasebenza.
• Ukuba iimpawu zakho ziyancipha ngamayeza ajolise kwiiseli zemast.

Iiseli zeMast kunye nendima yazo

Iiseli zeMast ziiseli zenkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela komzimba .Inxalenye. Umsebenzi wabo oqhelekileyo kukukhusela imizimba yethu kwiintsholongwane (umz. iiparasites, iintsholongwane) okanye ezinye izinto eziyingozi ezingena emizimbeni yethu. Ezi seli zihlala kwizicwili zethu, kwaye xa zibona into ezicinga ukuba iyingozi, zikhupha iikhemikhali ezifana ne-histamine, evuselela inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela kwaye izame ukulwa nomhlaseli.

Ngamanye amaxesha, basabela kwizinto abangafanele basabela kuzo. Kulapho ke sifumana khona ii-allergies . Kodwa ii-allergies zihlala zibangela iimpawu ezincinci ezifana namehlo arhawuzelelwayo kunye nempumlo egobhozayo. Okwenzekayo kwi-MCAS kukuba kukho iimpawu eziqatha ngakumbi ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo.

Ingakanani ingozi ye-"Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS)"?

Ubunzima be-MCAS buxhomekeke kwiimpawu ozifumanayo. Abanye abantu banokuba neempawu ezingephi, ezineempawu zolusu kuphela. Abanye banokuba neemeko ezinzima ngakumbi, ezifana ne-anaphylaxis. I-Anaphylaxis inokubulala ukuba ayinyangwa ngokufanelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, iimpendulo ezisongela ubomi kwi-MCAS zinqabile kakhulu .

Zithini iimpawu ze-`Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS)`?

I-MCAS inokubangela iimpawu ezinzima neziphindaphindayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba wakho. Ezi mpawu zingabandakanya:

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi.
• Ulusu luba bomvu, lupinki, lufudumale ('Ukuhluza').
• Ulusu olurhawuzelelayo.
• Ukuxinana kweempumlo.
• Ukudumba - ingakumbi ubuso, imilebe, amehlo, ulwimi okanye umphimbo (`i-Angioedema`).
• Ukuqhinwa okanye urhudo (mhlawumbi kutshintshana phakathi kwezi zimbini).
• Intlungu yesisu.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla.
• Ubuthathaka okanye ukutyhafa.
• Ukulahlekelwa yinkumbulo okanye ubunzima bokucinga (ingqondo engcolileyo).
• Ukuba ndindisholo.
• Intlungu yamalungu.
• I-Anaphylaxis (impendulo enzima ye-allergy eneempawu enye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zingasentla).

Ukuze ucinge ukuba i-MCAS ibangela isifo, ezi mpawu kufuneka zichaphazele ubuncinane iinkqubo ezimbini zomzimba wakho. Oko kukuthi:

• Inkqubo yemithambo-luvo (ingqondo kunye nemithambo-luvo).
• Inkqubo yokuphefumla (imiphunga kunye neendlela zomoya).
• Inkqubo yentliziyo (intliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi).
• Inkqubo yokugaya ukutya (isisu namathumbu).

Kuvakala njani xa ii-mast cells zisebenza ngequbuliso?

Ukuba wakha waba ne-allergy, mhlawumbi uyazi ukuba kunjani xa ii-mast cells zisebenza. Kodwa kubantu abane-MCAS, le meko inzima kakhulu kune-allergy eqhelekileyo, kwaye ichaphazela iindawo ezininzi zomzimba. Ulusu lwakho lunokudumba, lube bomvu, luqale ukurhawuzelela, okanye lude luphume igazi. Usenokuba norhudo kunye nokuhlanza. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ubuso bakho nomqala wakho zinokudumba, kwaye uxinzelelo lwakho lwegazi lunokwehla. Khumbula, ukuba ufumana ezi mpawu zinzima, kufuneka utsalele umnxeba ku-911 okanye uye kwisibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.

Zithini izizathu ze-`Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS)`?

I-MCAS ibangelwa ziiseli zakho zemast ezisabela xa zingafanele. Iiseli zemast zicinga ukuba kukho into enobungozi engene emzimbeni kwaye kufuneka zikhuselwe. Kulapho ke zikhupha iiproteni ezibangela iimpawu. Kwi-allergies, sinokufumanisa ukuba yintoni ebangela ukuba umzimba usabele ngokugqithisileyo. Kodwa kwi-MCAS, kunzima ukufumana isizathu esicacileyo sokuba iiseli zemast zikhuphe ezi proteni.

Enyanisweni, akukho mntu usasaziyo ukuba kutheni ii-mast cells zibuthathaka kangaka kwizinto ezingafunekiyo.

Ziziphi izizathu ezinokubakho zokuvuselelwa kweseli ye-mast?

Nangona izinto ezininzi, ezinje ngokutya kunye ne-pollen, zinokuvuselela iiseli ze-mast kwaye zikhuphe i-histamine, akunakwenzeka ukuthi iimpawu ezinzima ze-MCAS zibangelwa yi-allergen ethile. Nangona kunjalo, unokufumanisa ukuba ezi mpawu zinzima ngakumbi xa kukho utshintsho ebomini bakho okanye kwindawo ohlala kuyo, umzekelo, ngexesha loxinzelelo olukhulu okanye xa imozulu itshintsha. Ukuba iimpawu zakho zenzeka kuphela emva kokuchatshazelwa yinto ethile, xelela ugqirha wakho. Kwimeko enjalo, usenokungabi ne-MCAS, kodwa une-allergy.

Ifunyanwa njani iMast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS)?

Ugqirha unokukrokrela ukuba une-MCAS emva kokukuxilonga, ethetha ngeempawu zakho, kunye nembali yezonyango. Oogqirha baya kukuxilonga nge-MCAS ukuba le miqathango ilandelayo iyafezekiswa:

• Ukuba uneempawu zokuvuselelwa kweseli ye-mast.
• Ukuba usabela kakuhle kunyango lokuvuselela iseli ye-mast.
• Ukuba iimvavanyo zibonisa iimpawu zokusebenza kweseli ye-mast.
• Ukuba unenani eliqhelekileyo lee-mast cells emzimbeni wakho (ukuba nee-mast cells ezininzi kakhulu kuthetha ukuba usenokuba nesinye isifo se-mast cell, esifana ne-mastocytosis).

Uvavanyo lwe-MCAS

Ukuze ujonge i-MCAS, ugqirha wakho unokwenza uvavanyo lwegazi ukujonga ikhemikhali ebizwa ngokuba yi-"tryptase" egazini lakho. I-"tryptase" yinto eyandayo xa "iiseli ze-mast" zisebenza. Olu vavanyo kuya kufuneka lwenziwe amaxesha amaninzi - kokubini xa uphilile kwaye xa uneempawu eziqatha. Kodwa khumbula, i-"tryptase" inokunyuka nakwezinye iimeko zonyango. Ngoko ke amanqanaba e-"tryptase" ewodwa awakwazi ukuxelela ukuba une-MCAS. Abanye abantu banokuba namanqanaba e-"tryptase" aphezulu kunokuba bekulindelwe nangona bengenazo iimpawu.

Ugqirha wakho unokwenza uvavanyo lwesikhumba olubangela ukuba umntu angabi naso i-allergy okanye uvavanyo lwegazi olubangela ukuba umntu angabi naso i-allergy ukuze ajonge ezinye izizathu.

Kubalulekile: Nokuba uvavanyo lwegazi lwe-histamine lubonisa amanqanaba aphezulu e-histamine, oogqirha abagqibi kwelokuba une-MCAS.

Iphathwa njani iMast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS)?

Oogqirha basebenzisa unyango ukuxilonga i-MCAS nokunciphisa iimpawu zakho. Ukuba awuphulukani namayeza ajolise kwiiseli zemast, mhlawumbi awunayo i-MCAS.

Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza anjengala:

• Ii-histamine type 1 receptor blockers (Antihistamines) : La ngamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga iimpawu ze-allergy. Imizekelo: I-Loratadine, i-Cetirizine, i-Fexofenadine.
• Ii-histamine type 2 receptor blockers (ii-antihistamines ezinciphisa i-asidi yesisu) : Ezi zinikwa isicaphucaphu kunye nentlungu yesisu. Imizekelo: I-Ranitidine okanye i-Famotidine.
• I-Aspirin : I-Aspirin inganikwa ukunciphisa ukurhawuzelelwa.
• Izilungisi zeLeukotriene : Ezi zinceda ekwenzeni ukuphefumla kube lula. Imizekelo: IMontelukast, iZafirlukast.
• I-Omalizumab (XOLAIR®) : Oku kunokunciphisa umngcipheko we-anaphylaxis.
• I-Epinephrine : Oogqirha basebenzisa i-epinephrine ukunqanda i-anaphylaxis. Ungayigcina i-epinephrine injector (EpiPen®, Auvi-Q®) ikufutshane xa unengxaki ye-anaphylaxis.
• Iziqinisi zeeseli zeMast : Amayeza afana ne-cromolyn sodium athintela ukukhutshwa kweekhemikhali kwiiseli zemast (degranulation).
• IiCorticosteroids : Ezi zinciphisa ukudumba, zivula iindlela zomoya, kwaye zinciphisa ulwelo kwizicwili. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yomngcipheko weziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, oogqirha abasoloko benika ii-steroids kwi-MCAS.

Ngaba iMast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS) iya kuze inyangeke ngokupheleleyo?

Hayi, akukho nyango lwe-MCAS. Ukuba une-MCAS, kuya kufuneka uyilawule ngamayeza.

Ingakanani iminyaka yobomi bomntu one-MCAS?

Oogqirha balindele ukuba uninzi lwabantu abane-MCAS baza kuphila ixesha elide njengomntu ongenaso. Kodwa ngenxa yokuba esi sisifo esisandula ukuxilongwa, asinakutsho ngokuqinisekileyo ukuba siza kuyichaphazela njani indlela esiphila ngayo.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Nazi ezinye iindlela onokuzikhusela ngazo nge-MCAS:

• Gcina idayari yeempawu zakho. Bhala phantsi iimpawu zakho, oko ukutyileyo nokuselayo ngelo xesha, kunye nazo naziphi na izinto owazivelela. Cinga ngento eyahlukileyo ngeli xesha xa ithelekiswa nexesha owawungenazo iimpawu. Ukuba ubona naziphi na iimpawu, xelela ugqirha wakho.
• Xelela abahlobo bakho abasondeleyo, izalamane, okanye abantu ohlala uchitha ixesha nabo indlela oza kusabela ngayo kule meko, kunye nokuba iphi i-epinephrine injector yakho okanye elinye iyeza likaxakeka.

Ndingaya nini kwiSebe leeNgxamiseko (i-ETU) ?

Nangona iimpembelelo eziqatha kwi-MCAS zinqabile, ukuba ufumana iimpawu ze-allergy okanye i-anaphylaxis enzima, sebenzisa i-epinephrine injector ukuba unayo. Emva koko fowunela u-911 okanye uye kwigumbi elikufutshane lezonyango olungxamisekileyo ngoko nangoko. Iimpawu ze-anaphylaxis ziquka:

• Ukudumba kobuso, imilebe, ulwimi, okanye umqala.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla okanye ukuginya.
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo.
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Kunganceda ukubuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Ndingenza ntoni ukuba le meko ivele ibe mandundu/inyuke ngokukhawuleza kum?
• Ndingawathatha njani amayeza am?
• Ndingayisebenzisa njani kwaye nini i-epinephrine injector yam?
• Ndingaya nini kwigumbi likaxakeka?
• Ndingabuya nini ndize kukubona kwakhona?

Ingaba ``ukusebenza kwe-Mast cell'' sisifo sokuzikhusela komzimba?

Hayi, i-MCAS ayisiyongxaki yokuzikhusela komzimba.

Khawucinge ngesandi sentsimbi. Amajoni okhuseleko ayeza. "Iiseli zakho zemast" zifumene ingozi kwaye zicela uncedo. Kodwa... akukho ngozi ikhoyo. Njengomhlekisi okhathazayo, "iiseli zakho zemast" zikhupha nje isilumkiso ngaphandle kokungxamiseka. Endaweni yokukukhusela kwizifo, zizo ezikugulisayo.

Nangona singazi kakuhle ukuba kutheni abanye abantu besabela ngokugqithisileyo, kukho iindlela zokulawula i-MCAS. Qaphela iimpawu zokuqala zempendulo. Ukuba uziva ngathi iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mbi, thetha nogqirha wakho. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukuhlala uphethe i-epinephrine injector kwaye wazi ukuba uyisebenzisa njani kwaye nini. Usenokungayidingi, kodwa ukulungiselela impendulo engalindelekanga kunokukunika uxolo lwengqondo.

Izinto ekufuneka uzazi (Umyalezo oya nawo ekhaya)

• Isifo sokusebenza kweseli yeMast (MCAS) sisifo esingaqhelekanga esibangela iimpawu ezingathandekiyo ze-allergy ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacileyo.
• Oku kunokuchaphazela iinkqubo ezininzi zomzimba ngaxeshanye.
• Iimeko ezisongela ubomi ezifana ne-'Anaphylaxis' zinokwenzeka, ngoko ke funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza ukuba kuvela iimpawu eziqatha.
• Nangona i-MCAS ingenakunyangwa ngokupheleleyo, iimpawu zinokulawulwa ngamayeza.
• Qaphela iimpawu zakho, gcina i-epinephrine injector ikufutshane ukuze isetyenziswe ngokukhawuleza, kwaye wazise usapho lwakho ngayo.
• Ukuba unemibuzo malunga ne-MCAS, ungoyiki ukubuza ugqirha wakho.

Iiseli zeMast , i-MCAS, i-allergy, i-anaphylaxis, i-histamine, i-tryptase, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela