Ngaba kukho iqhuma elitsha eluswini lwakho? Masiqaphele le Merkel Cell Carcinoma iyingozi!

Ngaba wakha waphawula iqhuma elincinci okanye iqhuma eluswini lwakho? Usenokuba ubucinga ukuba liqhuma nje okanye inxeba elincinci, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha nezinto ezincinci ezifana nale zinokuba yingozi ngaphezu kokuba sicinga. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngohlobo lomhlaza wesikhumba olungaqhelekanga kodwa oluyingozi kakhulu. Loo mhlaza yiMerkel Cell Carcinoma, okanye ``Merkel Cell Carcinoma``.

Yintoni iMerkel Cell Carcinoma?

Ngamafutshane, iMerkel Cell Carcinoma luhlobo lomhlaza wolusu olungaqhelekanga, olusasazeka ngokukhawuleza, nolunokubeka ubomi esichengeni. Lukhula kuhlobo oluthile lweseli olubizwa ngokuba ziiMerkel cells, ezifumaneka kumaleko angaphandle kolusu lwethu, i-epidermis.

Cinga nje, ulusu lwethu aluyonto nje yokufihla. Luneentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeseli. Ezi seli zeMerkel zikwangazo iiseli ezenza umsebenzi okhethekileyo. Ngoko ke, ngenxa yokuchatshazelwa yimisebe ye-ultraviolet eyingozi evela elangeni (i-Ultraviolet - ukukhanya kwe-UV) kunye nezinye izinto ezinobungozi, ezi seli zeMerkel ziba ziiseli zomhlaza kwaye ziqala ukukhula ngokungalawulekiyo. Eyona nto iyingozi ngalo mhlaza kukuba unokusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwezinye iindawo zomzimba kwaye kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuba uphinde ubuye nasemva konyango.

Zithini iiseli zeMerkel?

Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza, "Zithini iiseli zeMerkel?" Ezi seli zifumaneka nzulu kwi-epidermis, umaleko ophezulu wolusu lwethu. Ziluhlobo lweseli olukufutshane neziphelo zemithambo-luvo kwaye lusinceda sive ukuba sichukumisekile. Okumangalisayo kukuba luhlobo lweseli ebizwa ngokuba yi-neuroendocrine cell, ebandakanyeka kwinkqubo yemithambo-luvo nakwinkqubo ye-endocrine . Oko kukuthi, ezi seli zikwanazo nezinto ezisebenza njengeehomoni.

Ezi seli zaqala ukufunyanwa zaza zachazwa ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yoo-1800 ngugqirha waseJamani ogama linguFriedrich Merkel. Yiyo loo nto zibizwa ngokuba "ziiseli zeMerkel."

Ixhaphake kangakanani le mhlaza?

Enyanisweni, iMerkel Cell Carcinoma luhlobo olungaqhelekanga kakhulu lomhlaza wolusu. Umzekelo, eMelika, kuphela malunga nama-3,000 amatyala amatsha esi sifo ayenzeka minyaka le.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho into ebalulekileyo apha. Kutshanje, inani labantu abanesifo iMerkel Cell Carcinoma liye landa. Mhlawumbi isizathu soku kukuphuculwa kovavanyo lokuxilonga. Kwakhona, le meko ichaphazela kakhulu abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-70 ubudala. Njengoko abantu bephila ixesha elide, amathuba okufumana esi sifo nawo anokwanda.

Amanye amagama eMerkel Cell Carcinoma

Usenokuva amagama anje xa uthetha ngalo mhlaza:

• I-MCC
• Umhlaza weseli yeMerkel
• I-Neuroendocrine carcinoma yolusu
• Umhlaza we-Trabecular

Yintoni ebangela iMerkel Cell Carcinoma?

Njengemininzi yemihlaza yolusu, iMerkel Cell Carcinoma ibangelwa kukuvezwa kwimitha ye-ultraviolet (UV) evela elangeni. Le ngozi ikwakho nakwimithombo yokukhanya eyenziweyo efana neebhedi zokukhanya. Le mitha ye-UV inokonakalisa izinto zemfuza, okanye i-DNA, yeeseli zethu zolusu.

Enye into emangalisayo kukuba malunga nesibhozo kwishumi labantu abanalo mhlaza banesifo esibizwa ngokuba yiMerkel cell polyomavirus (MCP). Nangona kunjalo, musani ukoyika oku. Kuba, ayinguye wonke umntu onesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-'MCP' virus ofumana esi sifo. Enyanisweni, esi sifo sidla ngokuba sisifo ebuntwaneni kwaye asibonakalisi zimpawu. Akukho vavanyo lukhethekileyo lokufumanisa ukuba esi sifo sikhona na. Ke ngoko, iingcali zonyango zisajonga ukuba kutheni esi sifo sibangela umhlaza wolusu kwabanye abantu kuphela.

Uphando lubonisa ukuba umntu onenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ebuthathaka usenokungakwazi ukulawula intsholongwane . Le ntsholongwane ibangela ukuba iiseli zesikhumba zivelise iproteni ekhethekileyo. Le proteni ivala iijini ezihlala zithintela ukukhula komhlaza.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko weMerkel Cell Carcinoma?

I-Merkel Cell Carcinoma inokukhula nakubani na, nokuba uneminyaka emingaphi, isini, okanye umbala wolusu. Nangona kunjalo, umngcipheko uphezulu kakhulu kumadoda angaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala anesikhumba esikhanyayo.

Ukongeza, kukho nezinye izinto ezininzi ezinobungozi:

• Ukuba ukhe waba nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wolusu, njenge-basal cell carcinoma, i-squamous cell carcinoma, okanye i-melanoma.
• Ukuba ukhe wasebenzisa iibhedi zokuthambisa okanye utshiswe kakhulu lilanga.
• Ukuba usebenzisa i-phototherapy kwimeko yesikhumba efana ne-psoriasis.
• Ukuba inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ibuthathaka ngenxa yezifo ezifana ne-chronic lymphocytic leukemia, i-HIV, kunye ne-AIDS, okanye ezinye izizathu.
• Ukuba uthatha amayeza okufakelwa amalungu omzimba okanye amayeza okunciphisa umzimba emva kokufakelwa amalungu omzimba.

Zithini iimpawu zeMerkel Cell Carcinoma?

I-Merkel cell carcinoma idla ngokubonakala kwiindawo zesikhumba ezichatshazelwe lilanga. Ungabona iqhuma elikhazimlayo nelibukeka njengeeperile elivele kwindawo echatshazelwe lilanga.

Ezi ziqhuma zibonakala kakhuluEbusweni, entanyeni, ezingalweni, okanye kwiinkophe. Kubantu abanesikhumba esimnyama, ngamanye amaxesha banokubonakala emilenzeni. Kubantu abancinci, la maqhuqhuva anokubonakala kwiindawo ezifana nesifuba nesisu (isisu). Ngamanye amaxesha, la maqhuqhuva anokugqabhuka aze abonakale njengezilonda.

Esi siqhuma sinokubonisa iimpawu ezifana nezi:

• Ezethu zilingana nesiqingatha seengqekembe (malunga neesentimitha ezi-2) kwaye zikhula ngokukhawuleza kakhulu.
• Kuvele isakhiwo esimile okwedome.
• Ivakala iqinile.
• Ukukrwela.
• Isenokubonakala ngathi yi-acne okanye ukulunywa yizinambuzane.
• Inokuba nombala ofanayo nowesikhumba, okanye obomvu, omfusa, okanye oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka-obomvu.
• Ibuhlungu okanye ivakala ibuhlungu xa ichukunyiswa.

Kubalulekile: Ukuba ubona utshintsho lolusu olunje, ingakumbi ukuba lukhula ngokukhawuleza, qiniseka ukuba ucela ingcebiso kugqirha.

Zithini iingxaki zeMerkel Cell Carcinoma?

I-Merkel Cell Carcinoma luhlobo lomhlaza olunobundlongondlongo kakhulu olusasazeka ngokukhawuleza kwezinye iindawo zomzimba. Xa umhlaza usasazeka ukusuka apho waqala khona ukuya kwezinye iindawo zomzimba, ubizwa ngokuba ngumhlaza osasazekayo. Umhlaza osasazeka ngale ndlela kunzima kakhulu ukuwunyanga.

I-Merkel cell carcinoma iqala isasazeke kwinkqubo ye-lymphatic, eyi-lymph nodes. Ukusuka apho, inokusasazeka iye emathanjeni, emiphungeni, ebuchotsheni, okanye kwezinye izitho zomzimba. Lo mhlaza unokuba yingozi.

Ifunyanwa njani iMerkel Cell Carcinoma?

Iimeko zesikhumba ezifana ne-Merkel cell carcinoma ziyafunyaniswa kwaye zinyangwa ngugqirha wesikhumba. Kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha ogxile kumhlaza wesikhumba. Oku kungenxa yokuba ezinye izihluma ezingezizo zomhlaza (ii-cysts ezinobungozi), ii-follicles zeenwele ezisulelekileyo (i-folliculitis), kunye namaqhuma eenkophe (ii-styes) nazo zinokubonakala njenge-Merkel cell carcinoma.

Ugqirha wakho uza kuqala ahlole umzimba wakho wonke. Baza kuziva nokuba kukho naliphi na i-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo, ezinokuba luphawu losulelo okanye ukusasazeka komhlaza. Emva koko, baza kuthatha iqhekeza elincinci leqhubu elirhanelekayo baze benze i-biopsy yolusu ukujonga iiseli zomhlaza.

Zithini izigaba zomhlaza?

Oogqirha basebenzisa ukulinganisa umhlaza ukuze bafumane ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani na. Eli nqanaba limiselwa ngexesha lokuxilongwa. Okukhona inani lenqanaba liphezulu, kokukhona umhlaza usasazeka ngakumbi.

• Inqanaba 0: I-Merkel cell carcinoma ikwindawo ephezulu yolusu kuphela.
• Inqanaba lesi-4 (4): Umhlaza usasazeke kwizitho ezikude.

Zeziphi iimvavanyo ezisetyenziswayo ukufumanisa inqanaba lomhlaza?

Olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi vavanyo lunokwenziwa ukuze kuchongwe inqanaba leMerkel Cell Carcinoma:

• Iskeni ye-CT
• Iskeni sePositron Emission Tomography (PET)
• I-Sentinel node biopsy okanye i-needle biopsy

Inyangwa njani iMerkel Cell Carcinoma?

Unyango lwe-Merkel cell carcinoma luxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza. Umhlaza wesigaba sokuqala (isigaba 0 ukuya kwi-II [2]) usabela ngcono kunyango kune-cancers yesigaba samva (isigaba III kunye ne-IV [3 kunye ne-4]).

Oogqirha basusa iithumba ze-Merkel cell carcinoma ngotyando. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zotyando:

• Utyando lweMohs: Oku kubandakanya ukususa ngononophelo kuphela iileya ezineeseli zomhlaza, ngelixa kushiya ulusu olusempilweni kangangoko kunokwenzeka.
• Ukususwa kwezicubu kwindawo ebanzi: Kule nto, ithumba elinomhlaza liyasuswa kunye nezinye izicwili eziphilileyo ezijikelezileyo.
• Ukuqhaqhwa kwe-lymph node: Ukususwa kwe-lymph nodes ngotyando apho iiseli zomhlaza zisasazeke khona.

Kwenzeka ntoni emva kotyando?

Emva kotyando, unokufuna utyando lokwakha ngokutsha okanye ukufakelwa ulusu ukuze uphilise kwaye ubuyisele indawo enyangiweyo.

Ukongeza, unyango lomhlaza olufana nolu lunokusetyenziswa ukutshabalalisa naziphi na iiseli zomhlaza ezisenokuba zisasele emzimbeni:

• Unyango ngamakhemikhali
• Unyango lwe-immunotherapy
• Unyango ngemitha

Ngaba iMerkel Cell Carcinoma ingathintelwa?

Ewe, ungazikhusela ekonakaleni lilanga kwaye unciphise umngcipheko wakho wokufumana iMerkel Cell Carcinoma ngokwenza oku kulandelayo:

• Faka i-sunscreen ene-widespectrum ene-SPF engama-60 ubuncinane yonke imihla, nokuba ungaphakathi endlwini. Phinda ufake i-sunscreen rhoqo emva kweeyure ezimbini ukuba uphuma ngaphandle.
• Nciphisa ukuvezwa kwakho kwimitha yelanga, efikelela kwincopho yayo phakathi kwentsimbi ye-10 kusasa ne-4 emva kwemini. Ukuba kufuneka uphume phandle, fumana umthunzi.
• Musa ukusebenzisa iibhedi zokutshisa ilanga okanye izibane zelanga.
• Xa uphuma phandle, nxiba impahla elukiweyo kakuhle, imikhono emide, umnqwazi obanzi, kunye neeglasi zelanga ezinkulu.
• Funda indlela yokuzihlola ulusu lwakho ngokwakho. Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho olutsha eluswini lwakho, bonana nogqirha ngoko nangoko.

Injani imbono yomntu oneMerkel Cell Carcinoma?

I-Merkel cell carcinoma inethuba elikhulu lokubuyela emva konyango. Ke ngoko, kwiminyaka embalwa yokuqala, kuya kufuneka ubone ugqirha wakho rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezine kwaye wenze iimvavanyo, ezifana nee-imaging scans, ukujonga ukuba ingaba iphinda ivele na.

Izinto ezininzi, kuquka impilo yakho iyonke, ubudala, kunye nenqanaba lomhlaza, zichaphazela ixesha elithathayo ukuze uphile kulo mhlaza. Iingcali zithi abantu abathathu kwabane abane-localized Merkel cell carcinoma baya kusinda iminyaka emihlanu emva kokufunyaniswa ukuba banayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kwamanye amalungu omzimba (umhlaza osasazekayo), elo nani liyehla liye kwelinye kwamane. Kodwa ungalahli ithemba. Kukho iimvavanyo ezininzi zeklinikhi eziqhubekayo okwangoku zokufumana unyango olutsha lwe-Merkel cell carcinoma.

Ufanele uye nini kugqirha?

Ukuba ubona naluphi na utshintsho olungachazwanga eluswini lwakho, bona ugqirha ngokukhawuleza:

• Ukuvela kwendawo entsha, utshintsho kwindawo ekhoyo, okanye ukopha kwindawo ethile.
• Izilonda ezirhabaxa okanye ezirhabaxa eluswini.
• Amanxeba angapholiyo.
• Amaqhuma angachazwanga, ingakumbi ukuba ayarhawuzelela, ayabuhlungu, okanye akhula ngobukhulu.

Yeyiphi imibuzo omele uyibuze ugqirha wakho?

Ungabuza ugqirha wakho imibuzo efana nale:

• Kutheni ndifumene iMerkel Cell Carcinoma?
• Yeyiphi indlela engcono yonyango kum?
• Ndingenza ntoni ukuthintela umhlaza ukuba ungabuyi?
• Ngaba kufuneka ndixhalabele iimpawu zeengxaki?

Kuqhelekile ukuba uzive wothukile kwaye udanile xa ufumanisa ukuba unomhlaza wolusu, njengeMerkel Cell Carcinoma. Ngenxa yokuba lo mhlaza ungasasazeka ngokukhawuleza, kubalulekile ukubona ugqirha kwangoko xa ubona naluphi na utshintsho olungaqhelekanga eluswini lwakho. Ugqirha wakho uza kuyisusa ithumba ngotyando kwaye angakunika nolunye unyango ngokuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lomhlaza. Kwanasemva konyango, kufuneka uhlolwe rhoqo ukuze ubone ukuba umhlaza ubuyile okanye usasazekile na.

Okokugqibela, izinto ezimbalwa ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Ngoko ke, ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyiqonda ngcono iMerkel Cell Carcinoma, esithethe ngayo namhlanje. Nangona lo ngumhlaza ongaqhelekanga, kodwa onokuba yingozi, kubaluleke kakhulu ukukhathalela ulusu lwakho kwaye ulukhusele elangeni. Ukuba ubona nantoni na entsha okanye engaqhelekanga eluswini lwakho, ungayityesheli njengento encinci, kodwa yibonise ugqirha ngoko nangoko. Ukuba ifunyenwe kwangethuba, amathuba okuba unyango luphumelele aphezulu. Hlala usempilweni!

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