Ngaba nawe unamathambo abuthathaka? Oku kungaba luphawu lweMetabolic Bone Disease!

Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva ngathi amathambo akho abuthathaka kancinci? Mhlawumbi nokuwa okuncinci kunokwaphula ingalo okanye umlenze. Okanye uziva ngathi ubude bakho buyehla njengoko ukhula, kwaye umzimba wakho uyagoba kancinci kancinci? Esinye isizathu esinokwenzeka emva kwezi zinto yimeko ebizwa ngokuba sisifo samathambo esitshintshatshintshayo, esiza kuthetha ngaso namhlanje. Makhe sijonge oku ngendlela elula.

Yintoni le Metabolic Bone Disease?

Ngamafutshane, isifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuba yi-metabolic bone disease liqela lezifo ezichaphazela amandla amathambo akho. Singenzeka xa ibhalansi yeeminerali emizimbeni yethu iphazamisekile, nokuba kukho izinto ezininzi okanye ezincinci kakhulu ezifana ne-calcium, i-phosphorus, okanye i-vitamin D. Oku kungalingani kweeminerali kuphazamisa ubunzima bamathambo, ukukhula, kunye nokuguquka kwamathambo (inkqubo apho izicubu ezintsha zamathambo zithathelwa indawo yizicubu ezindala zamathambo).

Cinga nje, amathambo ethu asizozinto nje kuphela. Adinga ukuhlaziywa rhoqo nokuqiniswa. Ukuba asifumani izondlo ezifanelekileyo, okanye ukuba izinto ezifana nemfuza okanye ukungabikho kweevithamini zichaphazela ukusebenza kweeseli emathanjeni ethu, kuya kubakho ukungalingani kweeminerali kwaye amathambo ethu aya kuqala ukuba buthathaka. Ezi zifo zamathambo ezisebenza ngokutshintsha indlela umzimba osebenza ngayo zinokuzalwa okanye zifunyanwe.

Ziziphi imizekelo yezi zifo?

Izifo ezininzi ziwela kolu didi lwezifo zamathambo ezibangelwa kukusebenza kakuhle komzimba. Makhe sijonge ezimbalwa zazo:

• I-Osteoporosis: Esi sesona sifo sixhaphakileyo nesiyaziwayo kweli candelo. Kuqikelelwa ukuba malunga nezigidi ezingama-200 zabantu kwihlabathi liphela banesifo esi. Ngamafutshane, i-osteoporosis yimeko apho ubuninzi bamathambo ethu, oko kukuthi, ubungakanani beetyuwa zeeminerali ngaphakathi kwamathambo (esikwabiza ngokuba yi-bone mass), buncipha kancinci kancinci. Emva koko amathambo aba buthathaka kwaye anokwaphuka lula kakhulu. Nokuba uwe kancinci, kukho ithuba elikhulu lokuphuka ingalo okanye umlenze.
• I-Osteopenia: Oku kukwanciphisa uxinano lwamathambo, kodwa akukubi njenge-osteoporosis, kwaye yimeko engaphantsi kancinci.

Kukho ezinye iintlobo:

• I-Cushing's syndrome: Olu bubuthathaka bamathambo obubangelwa yingxaki enxulumene namahomoni.
• I-Hypophosphatasia: Oku kubangelwa kukungabikho kwee-enzyme.
• I-Osteogenesis imperfecta: Ikwabizwa ngokuba "sisifo samathambo abuthathaka," le yimeko edla ngokubakho xa umntu ezalwa. Amathambo aphuka lula kakhulu.
• I-Osteomalacia kunye neRickets: Oku kukwenza amathambo athambe. Xa le meko isenzeka kubantu abadala, ibizwa ngokuba yi-osteomalacia, kwaye xa isenzeka ebantwaneni, ibizwa ngokuba yi-rickets.
• Isifo sikaPaget:Kulapho amathambo ekhula ngendlela engaqhelekanga nangokukhawuleza, nto leyo ebangela ukuba abe buthathaka.

Zixhaphake kangakanani ezi zifo?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, ezinye izifo zamathambo ezibangelwa kukusebenza kwamathambo zixhaphake kakhulu kunezinye. I-Osteoporosis yeyona ixhaphakileyo kwezi. Umzekelo, eMelika, malunga ne-12.6% yabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala banale meko.

Kodwa iimeko ezifana ne-Osteogenesis imperfecta azixhaphakanga. Kwanase-United States, esi sifo sichaphazela inani elincinci labantu, malunga nama-25,000 ukuya kuma-50,000. Iimeko ezifana ne-Osteomalacia, i-Hypophosphatasia, kunye nesifo sikaPaget nazo azixhaphakanga njenge-osteoporosis.

Kutheni le nto ezi zifo zethambo ezibangelwa kukusebenza kwe-metabolic zisenzeka?

Eyona nto iphambili kukuba amathambo ethu awafumani ziminerali zaneleyo. Ngenxa yokunqongophala kweziminerali, amathambo aya ebuthathaka aze onakale kancinci kancinci, nto leyo enokubangela ezi zifo. Oku kungalingani kweziminerali kunokuba khona xa umntu ezalwa, okanye kunokuvela kamva.

Imizimba yethu inenkqubo egcina izinto ezifana ne-calcium, i-vitamin D, kunye ne-phosphorus kubungakanani obufanelekileyo. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-mineral homeostasis . Iingxaki ziqala xa oku kuphazamiseka. Kuba amathambo ethu agcina ezi minerali, azisebenzisele ukukhulisa ezintsha, aze abe namandla.

Ziziphi izinto ezibangela umngcipheko?

Kukho izinto ezithile ezibangela umngcipheko wokuba nesi sifo samathambo esibangelwa kukusebenza kwamathambo ngendlela engasebenzi kakuhle. Makhe sijonge ukuba zeziphi:

• Ukuba neminyaka engama-65 okanye ngaphezulu.
• Ukutshaya.
• Ukuya exesheni kwangethuba kwenzeka ngaphambi kokuba ufikelele kwiminyaka engama-45 ubudala.
• Ukungafumani ngokwaneleyo ukukhanya kwelanga (ukungabikho kwevithamini D). Nangona ilizwe lethu linokukhanya kwelanga okuninzi, abanye abantu abafumani ngokwaneleyo ukukhanya kwelanga. Oku kunciphisa ukuveliswa kwevithamini D.
• Ukuba nomzimba omncinci (ifreyimu encinci).
• Ekubeni sele ndifumene unyango lwehomoni kumhlaza webele okanye umhlaza weprostate ngaphambili.
• Ukuba ngumntu ofakelwa amalungu omzimba.
• Ukusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwamayeza okuthintela ukuxhuzula.
• Ukuba nembali yentsapho yakho ye-osteoporosis, ingakumbi ukuba umama okanye utata wakho wayene-osteoporosis okanye waphuka isinqe, kukubeka emngciphekweni omkhulu.
• Ukungazilolongi ngokwaneleyo.

Ezinye iingxaki zempilo ezibangela uphuhliso lwezi zifo

Abantu abaneengxaki ezithile zempilo nabo banamathuba amaninzi okufumana esi sifo samathambo esibizwa ngokuba yi-metabolic bone disease. Ezi meko ziquka:

• I-Hyperparathyroidism: Ukuveliswa kakhulu kwehomoni ye-parathyroid.
• I-Hypophosphatemia: Amanqanaba aphantsi e-phosphorus egazini.
• Ukunqongophala kweVithamin D.
• Ukunqongophala kwe-calcium.
• Isifo sezintso.
• Ingxaki yokusebenzisa utywala.
• Ukungafunxwa kokutya.
• Ukungondleki kakuhle.

Zithini iimpawu zezi zifo?

Iimpawu zezi zifo zingahluka ukusuka kwesinye ukuya kwesinye. Ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwesifo. Nazi ezinye iimpawu eziqhelekileyo:

• Ukulahleka kobude (ukulahleka ubuncinane kwe-intshi enye).
• Ukuqhekeka kwamathambo rhoqo. Nokuba ukuwa okanye ingozi encinci kunokubangela ukuqhekeka kwamathambo.
• Ukutshintsha kwendlela omi ngayo (ukugoba phambili, ukugoba).
• Ubunzima bokuhamba.
• Intlungu esezantsi komqolo.
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha.
• Intlungu emathanjeni okanye kwindawo yesinqe.
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla. Oku kwenzeka xa amandla emiphunga ehla ngenxa yokucinezelwa komqolo.

Kodwa kukho into enye ekufuneka uyikhumbule ngokuqinisekileyo. I-Osteoporosis idla ngokuba "sisifo esingathethiyo." Oku kuthetha ukuba kwizigaba zokuqala, amathambo anokubuthathaka kancinci kancinci ngaphakathi ngaphandle kokubangela iintlungu okanye iimpawu ezinkulu.

Zifunyaniswa njani ezi zifo?

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na kwezi mpawu, okanye ukuba unezinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko, kungcono ukubona ugqirha ukuze akuhlole. Ugqirha uza kukuhlola aze, ukuba kuyimfuneko, acele olunye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi vavanyo zilandelayo:

Uvavanyo lwegazi

Olu vavanyo lunokujonga amanqanaba e-calcium, i-phosphorus, kunye ne-vitamin D egazini. Umzekelo, amanqanaba aphantsi e-calcium, i-vitamin D, okanye i-phosphorus anokuba luphawu lwesifo esibizwa ngokuba yi-osteomalacia. Ngokufanayo, amanqanaba aphantsi e-alkaline phosphatase kunye namanqanaba aphezulu e-vitamin B6 egazini anokuba luphawu lwe-hypophosphatasia.

Ii-X-reyi

Ii-X-reyi zisetyenziselwa ukujonga imifantu kunye nokuqhekeka kwamathambo, okunokuba ziimpawu zeemeko ezifana ne-osteoporosis.

Uvavanyo lweBone Mineral Density (BMD)

Oku kukwabizwa ngokuba yi-DEXA scan okanye i-DXA scan . Ilinganisa amandla amathambo akho kwiindawo ezifana nesandla sakho, isinqe, kunye nomqolo. Isebenzisa ubungakanani obuncinci bemitha, ngoko ke akukho nto inokubangela ukukhathazeka ngayo. Ngokubanzi, njengendlela yokuthintela, licebo elihle ukuba olu vavanyo lwe-BMD lwenziwe xa uneminyaka engama-65 kubasetyhini kunye neminyaka engama-70 kumadoda. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokulahlekelwa ngamathambo kunye nokuqhekeka kwamathambo, ugqirha wakho unokucebisa ukuba wenze olu vavanyo kwangoko.

Ngaba ikhona indlela yokunyanga oku?

Ewe, ngokuqinisekileyo kukho unyango lwezi zifo zamathambo ezibangelwa kukusebenza kwamathambo ngendlela engasebenzi kakuhle.Unyango olukulungeleyo luya kuxhomekeka kwisizathu esiyintloko sale meko. Kukho iindlela ezahlukeneyo zonyango:

• Iivithamini kunye nezongezo zesondlo: Ezi zinikwa, ingakumbi ukuba kukho ukunqongophala kwe-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D.
• Ii-Anabolic agents: La ngamayeza akha amathambo amatsha aze awaqinise.
• IiBisphosphonates: La ngamayeza anciphisa ukulahleka kwamathambo.
• Iinaliti zeDenosumab.
• Unyango lweehomoni: Kukho iimeko apho kusetyenziswa iihomoni ezifana ne-testosterone, i-calcitonin, kunye ne-estrogen.
• Unyango lomzimba: Oku kuquka ukuzilolonga kunye nolunye unyango lokuqinisa izihlunu, ukuphucula ulungelelwano, kunye nokwenza ukuhamba kube lula.
• Imithambo yokuthwala ubunzima: Izinto ezifana nokuhamba, ukubaleka, njl.
• Utyando: Oku kudla ngokwenziwa rhoqo, ingakumbi ukuba kukho into enzima, efana nokuqhekeka.

Ngaba kukho naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zonyango?

Amanye amayeza anokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Nangona kunjalo, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwamayeza asetyenzisiweyo. Ezinye zeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Iimpawu ezifana nomkhuhlane.
• Intloko ebuhlungu.
• Isitshiso sentliziyo.
• Iziphumo ekusebenzeni kwezintso.
• Intlungu yemisipha.
• Ulusu lubomvu, lome, lurhawuzelela.
• Ukwanda kwentlungu yamathambo (kwinqanaba lokuqala).

Olu luhlu aluphelelanga. Ukuba ubona into engaqhelekanga okanye uneempawu ezintsha ngelixa ufumana unyango, ngokuqinisekileyo kufuneka uxelele ugqirha wakho.

Ndingalindela ukuba ndiphile ixesha elingakanani emva konyango?

Abantu abaninzi baqala ukuziva bephucukile emandleni abo emva nje kokuba beqale unyango. Nangona kunjalo, kuthatha ixesha ukuba ubunzima bamathambo bukhule kwaye kubekho amathambo amatsha, asempilweni. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ukuba kuza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani kwaye yintoni omawuyilindele, kuxhomekeke kwimeko yakho.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ndinolu hlobo lwesifo samathambo?

Ukuba ufunyaniswe unesifo samathambo esichaphazela i-metabolic bone esifana ne-osteoporosis okanye i-osteomalacia, ugqirha wakho uya kukunika isicwangciso sonyango esifanelekileyo kuwe. Oku kungabandakanya amayeza, izongezo zesondlo, unyango lomzimba, kwaye, ngamaxesha athile, utyando. Kungathatha ixesha ukuba uzive ungcono emva kokuba unyango luqalile. Kodwa ngonyango olufanelekileyo, amathambo akho aya kuqala ukuqina ngokuhamba kwexesha.

Iyintoni imbonakalo yezi meko?

Ngonyango olufanelekileyo, ikamva lezi zifo zamathambo ezibangelwa kukusebenza kakuhle komzimba lihle ngokubanzi.Ukuba unyango lufike ngexesha, lunokunceda ekwakheni amathambo akho kwakhona kwaye lulawule ukulahleka kwamathambo. Oku kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwamathambo kwaye kuphucule umgangatho wobomi bakho.

Ungayinciphisa njani ingozi yokuhlaselwa zezi zifo?

Ngenxa yokuba ezinye izifo zamathambo ezibangelwa kukusebenza kwamathambo zinefuthe kwimfuza, zisenokungathintelwa rhoqo. Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto esinokuzenza ukunciphisa umngcipheko wethu:

• Fumana uhlolo lokuthintela izifo ezifana ne-osteoporosis rhoqo.
• Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka.
• Ukuba usela utywala, nciphisa.
• Zilolonge rhoqo.
• Yitya ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-calcium kunye ne-vitamin D (ubisi, itshizi, iyogathi, imifuno eluhlaza, iintlanzi ezincinci).
• Buza ugqirha wakho malunga nezongezo zesondlo ezinokukunceda ukugcina amathambo akho esempilweni.

Ndingazinyamekela njani ngolu hlobo lwesifo?

Ukongeza ekuhlolweni kokuthintela kunye nokutshintsha indlela yokuphila, kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuwa, njengoko kwandisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwamathambo. Ungenza izinto ezinje:

• Funda ngeendlela zokuthintela ukuwa.
• Chonga iingozi zokuwa ekhayeni lakho uze wenze utshintsho olufunekayo (umzekelo, ukubeka iikhaphethi kwiindawo ezityibilikayo, ukufaka ii-grab bars kwigumbi lokuhlambela).
• Nxibelelana nogqirha wakho ukuze uvavanye umngcipheko wakho wokuwa, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, fumana izixhobo zokunceda ukuhamba.

Ngaba ezi zifo zethambo ezibangelwa kukusebenza kwamathambo ziyingozi?

Ukuba azifunyaniswa kwaye zinyangwe ngokukhawuleza, izifo ezininzi zamathambo ezibangelwa kukusebenza kwamathambo zinokuba yingozi kakhulu. Ezinye zinokuba yingozi ebomini. Umzekelo, i-osteoporosis yandisa umngcipheko wokuqhekeka kwamathambo. Iimeko ezifana ne-Cushing's syndrome zinokubulala ukuba azinyangwa.

Ngoko ke, isifo samathambo esibangelwa kukusebenza kwamathambo liqela leemeko ezichaphazela ubunzima bamathambo, ukuguquka kwamathambo, kunye nokukhula kwamathambo. Ezinye zixhaphake kakhulu kunezinye, kodwa zonke zichaphazela impilo yamathambo akho. Kodwa khumbula, ngokuxilongwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nonyango, ungaphila ubomi obusebenzayo nobanelisayo. Ukuba unemibuzo okanye iinkxalabo malunga nezi mpawu, isicwangciso sakho sonyango, okanye indlela ocinga ngayo, ungathandabuzi ukuthetha nogqirha wakho. Unokukunceda.

Ngoko ke, zeziphi izinto ekufuneka sizikhumbule kuzo zonke ezi zinto?

Kulungile, ngoko ke ndiyathemba ukuba ngoku uyaqonda ngcono izifo zamathambo ezichaphazela indlela umzimba osebenza ngayo esithethe ngazo namhlanje. Ngamafutshane:

• Lumkela impilo yamathambo akho. Amathambo aqinileyo abalulekile ukuze ube sempilweni.
• Izifo zamathambo ezibangelwa kukusebenza kwe-metabolism ziimeko ezenza amathambo abe buthathaka kwaye anciphise amandla awo.
• Ukungalingani kweeminerali (ingakumbi icalcium, ivithamin D, iphosphorus) yeyona nto ibangela oku.
• Izinto ezifana nobudala, indlela yokuphila, kunye nembali yosapho zinokunyusa umngcipheko.
• Ezinye izifo, ezifana ne-osteoporosis, zisenokungabonakalisi zimpawu ekuqaleni, ngoko ke kungcono ukuba uhlolwe ukuba unezinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko.
• Zikho iindlela zokuxilonga nokunyanga ezi zifo. Ngoko ke, ukuba uneempawu, musa ukulibazisa ukufuna ingcebiso kagqirha.
• Ngonyango olufanelekileyo kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila, ezi meko zinokulawulwa kakuhle kwaye ziphile ubomi obulungileyo.

Lumka amathambo akho! Kuba amathambo aphilileyo ngamandla akunika inkululeko nolonwabo lokuphila ubomi obukhululekileyo nobonwabisayo.

Isifo Samathambo Esibangelwa YiMetabolic, I - Osteoporosis, Ubuthathaka Bamathambo, I-Calcium, I-Vitamin D, Ubuninzi Bamathambo, Ukwaphuka Kwamathambo