Ngaba ngamanye amaxesha uziva uphelelwa ngumoya, uphefumla kancinci, okanye uxinene esifubeni nangona uhamba umgama omfutshane? Nangona ezi zinto zinokubonakala ngathi kukudinwa okuqhelekileyo, kunokubakho ingxaki encinci entliziyweni yethu emva koku. Namhlanje siza kuthetha ngemeko enjalo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-'Mitral Valve Stenosis' okanye eyaziwa ngokwezonyango njenge-'Mitral Valve Stenosis''. Ungakhathazeki, masithethe ngale nto ngokulula.
Yintoni iMitral Valve Stenosis?
Ngamafutshane, oku kukuncitshiswa okanye ukuvaleka kwevalvu ye-mitral ngaphakathi entliziyweni yethu. Khawuthelekelele ukuba kukho ucango phakathi kwamagumbi amabini endlwini yakho. Ukuba loo mnyango awunakuvulwa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa uvuleka kancinci, bekungayi kuba nzima ukuhambahamba? Yiloo nto eyenzekayo nalapha.
Ivalvu ye-mitral yisango apho igazi liphuma kwigumbi eliphezulu (atrium yasekhohlo) ukuya kwigumbi elisezantsi (i-ventricle yasekhohlo) kwicala lasekhohlo lentliziyo yethu. Igazi elineoksijini elivela emiphungeni liqala lingene kweli gumbi liphezulu. Ukusuka apho, liya kwigumbi elisezantsi, apho lipompa khona igazi elineoksijini liye emzimbeni wonke.
Ngoko ke, xa le valve ye-mitral iba mxinwa, kuba nzima ukuba igazi liphume kwigumbi eliphezulu liye kwigumbi elingaphantsi. Lifana nocango olungavuleki kakuhle. Oku kubangela ukuba intliziyo isebenze nzima. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku kunokubangela iingxaki ezahlukeneyo ekusebenzeni kwentliziyo.
Ixhaphake kangakanani le meko eSri Lanka?
Enyanisweni, esi ayisosifo sixhaphakileyo xa sithelekiswa namazwe aphuhlileyo. Isizathu soku kukuba ngoku sinee-antibiotics ezilungileyo zosulelo lweebhaktheriya, ezizezona zibangela esi sifo. Kodwa ngaphambili, le meko yayixhaphakile kakhulu.
Le meko ixhaphake kancinci kubasetyhini kunakumadoda. Kumazwe aphuhlileyo, ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abakwiminyaka yabo yama-50 nama-60, kodwa ikwabonakala nakubantu abancinci kumazwe asaphuhlayo. Ngamanye amaxesha, iintsana ezincinci zinokuzalwa zinale meko.
Zithini iimpawu zoku?
Ixesha elininzi, le meko ayibonisi zimpawu zinkulu ide ibe mandundu ngakumbi. Kodwa xa kuvela iimpawu, unokubona izinto ezinje.
| Uphawu | Ingcaciso elula |
|---|---|
| Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ukuphelelwa ngamandla) | Olu lolona phawu luqhelekileyo. Usenokuba nobunzima bokuphefumla kungekuphela nje xa uzilolonga okanye usebenza, kodwa naxa ulele ebhedini. |
| Ukudinwa | Oku akupheleli nje ekudinweni. Kukudinwa okugqithisileyo okukwenza ungakwazi ukwenza umsebenzi wosuku olunye. Uziva ngathi umzimba wakho awunabomi. |
| Usulelo lwesifuba oluqhelekileyo (i-bronchitis) | Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo kunokuchaphazela imiphunga kwaye kukhokelela ekusulelekeni rhoqo esifubeni. |
| Ukubetha kwentliziyo | Ngenxa yokuba kukho uxinzelelo olukhulu kwigumbi eliphezulu lentliziyo, intliziyo inokubetha ngokungacwangciswanga. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -atrial fibrillation . Emva koko uzive ngathi intliziyo yakho ibetha ngokukhawuleza nangokungaqhelekanga. |
| Istroke | Ngenxa yokuba intliziyo ayipompi igazi ngokufanelekileyo, ihlwili legazi linokuvela liye engqondweni lize lihlale. Le yimeko eyingozi. |
| Ukukhohlela igazi | Uxinzelelo oluvela entliziyweni lunokuchaphazela imithambo emiphungeni, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha igazi elincinci linokuphuma kunye ne-mucus xa ukhohlela. |
| Ukutshintsha kwelizwi (Ukurhawuzela) | Umthambo olawula ilizwi lethu udlula kufutshane nentliziyo. Ukuba igumbi eliphezulu lentliziyo liyakhula kwaye lo mthambo ucinezelwe, ilizwi linokuba litsho ngelizwi eliphantsi. |
| Ukudumba kwamaqatha, iinyawo, okanye isisu | Xa intliziyo ingakwazi ukupompa igazi ngokufanelekileyo, ulwelo luyaqokelelana emzimbeni kwaye iindawo ezifana nemilenze nesisu ziqala ukudumba. |
Iimpawu ezibonakala kubantwana abancinci xa le meko isenzeka
Abantwana abancinci abazalwa benesi sifo banokubonisa iimpawu ezifana nezi:
- Ubunzima bokuncancisa okanye ukubila xa uncancisa.
- Ukukhwehlela nokubanda.
- Ukungaphumeleli ukubonisa ukukhula okufanele iminyaka.
- Iintsholongwane zokuphefumla ezixhaphakileyo.
- Ukudinwa ngokukhawuleza nokuba nobunzima bokuphefumla nangona sele ubaleka kwaye udlala okwethutyana.
Okubalulekileyo kukuba, abanye abantu basenokungabi nazimpawu nangona benale meko. Abafazi abaninzi bafunyanwa benayo, ingakumbi ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Oku kungenxa yokuba intliziyo kufuneka isebenze nzima ukupompa igazi kumntwana ngexesha lokukhulelwa.
Kutheni oku kusenzeka? Zithini izizathu eziphambili?
Kukho izizathu ezininzi eziphambili zoku.
- Umonakalo obangelwa lusulelo: Eyona nto iphambili neyona ixhaphakileyo yile yi- rheumatic fever . Ukuba usulelo lwebhaktheriya emqaleni (strep throat) alunyangwanga kakuhle ebuntwaneni, inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela inokusabela ngokonakalisa iivalvu zentliziyo. Lo monakalo ungathatha iminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30 ngaphambi kokuba iimpawu zibonakale. Yiyo loo nto abantu abaninzi bengabonakalisi zimpawu de babe neminyaka ephakathi.
- Utshintsho olwenzekayo xa sikhula: Njengoko sikhula, iidipozithi zekhalsiyam zinokuqokelelana kwiivalvu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ziqine kwaye zinciphe. Nangona kunjalo, oku kuncipha akusoloko kuqatha kwaye kusenokungafuneki unyango.
- Ukuzalwa: Abanye abantwana banokuzalwa benesi sivalo sinciphile. Esi simo sidla ngokufunyaniswa ngaphambi kokuba babe neminyaka emi-2 ubudala.
Ezinye iingxaki ezinokuvela kule meko
Ukuba i-mitral valve stenosis ayinyangwa ngexesha, ezinye iingxaki zempilo zinokuvela, ezinje:
- Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lwemiphunga
- Ukudumba kweMiphunga
- Ukumelwa yintliziyo
- Amahlwili egazi kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo
- Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga `(Atrial Fibrillation)`
- Usulelo lweevalvu zentliziyo (i-Infective Endocarditis)
Ugqirha uluchonga njani ngokuchanekileyo olu sifo?
Xa usiya kugqirha, uza kumamela esifubeni sakho nge-stethoscope ngelixa ekuxilonga. Emva koko, ukuba uva isandi esingaqhelekanga siphuma entliziyweni, sisibiza ngokuba yi -'Heart Murmur' , usenokuba norhano. Emva koko, uza kukuthumela kwiimvavanyo ezinje ukuqinisekisa isifo.
| Uvavanyo | Ufunda ntoni koku? |
|---|---|
| I-Echocardiogram | Olu lolona vavanyo luphambili olusetyenziswayo ukufumanisa esi sifo. Amaza e-ultrasound asetyenziswa ukuthatha ividiyo yentliziyo, ebonisa indlela ebhityileyo ngayo ivalvu kunye nendlela intliziyo esebenza ngayo. |
| Uvavanyo lwe-ECG (i-Electrocardiogram) | Oku kulinganisa umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo. Kunokujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo okungahambelaniyo, okufana ne-atrial fibrillation. |
| Uvavanyo lwe-X-ray yesifuba | Oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba kukho utshintsho kwimilo okanye ubungakanani bentliziyo ngenxa yesi sifo. |
| Ukucoca Intliziyo | Kwezinye iimeko ezinzima, ityhubhu encinci idluliselwa kumthambo osengalweni okanye emlenzeni iye entliziyweni ukuze kulinganiswe uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwamagumbi entliziyo. |
Zithini iindlela zonyango zoku?
Kukho unyango loku. Kodwa olu nyango lulawula kuphela iimpawu kwaye luthintele imeko ukuba ingabi mandundu. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqala unyango ngokukhawuleza emva kokuba iimpawu ziqalile.
Amayeza
Ugqirha uza kukunika amayeza ahlukeneyo okulawula iimpawu zakho.
- Lawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
- Nciphisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwaye ulawule ukudumba.
- Lawula ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho.
- Nciphisa umngcipheko westroke ngokuthintela ukuqhekeka kwegazi.
Unyango lwe-catheter
Ezi ziinkqubo ezilula kunezotyando. Zenziwa ngokudlulisa umbhobho omncinci ngethambo elingalweni okanye emlenzeni uye entliziyweni.
- I-Valvuloplasty yeBhaluni:Ibhaluni ibekwa kufutshane nevalvu evalekileyo ize ivuthe, yandise ivalvu.
- Ukutshintshwa kwevalvu yeTranscatheter (TMVR): Kwezinye iimeko, le nkqubo inokutshintsha ivalvu endala ngentsha.
Ukulungiswa okanye ukutshintshwa kwevalvu ngotyando
Ukuba imeko imbi kakhulu, utyando lunokufuneka. Apha, ugqirha wotyando angenza oku kulandelayo:
- Lungisa ivalvu: Ungazahlula iivalvu zevalvu enamatheleneyo uze uphinde usebenze.
- Ukutshintshwa ngokupheleleyo kwevalvu: Ivalvu eyonakeleyo ingasuswa kwaye ithathelwe indawo yivalvu yokwenziwa okanye ivalvu eyenziwe ngezicubu zezilwanyana. Ugqirha wakho uza kukuchazela ukuba yeyiphi indlela efanelekileyo kuwe.
Ngaba i-mitral valve stenosis ingathintelwa?
Ewe, kunokwenzeka kakhulu. Ekubeni umkhuhlane wamathambo uyimbangela ephambili yoku, kungcono ukunyanga izifo ezibangelwa ziintsholongwane (ingakumbi izifo zomqala) ngokukhawuleza nangendlela efanelekileyo. Ukuba ugqirha unika amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, kufuneka uwathathe ixesha lonke elimiselweyo, nokuba intlungu iyancipha.
Nangona singenakuziyeka ngokupheleleyo izinto ezenzekayo njengoko sikhula, singazilibazisa ngendlela yokuphila enempilo (ukutya okunempilo, ukuzilolonga, ubunzima obusempilweni).
Ndingaya nini kwi-ETU (iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo)?
Ukuba ufumana unyango, kwiimeko ezinjalo, kufuneka uye kwiCandelo loNyango oluNgxamisekileyo (i-ETU) lesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
Emva kokuqalisa iyeza...
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezingaqhelekanga ezivela kwiyeza (buza ugqirha wakho kwangaphambili ukuze ufumane ukuba zeziphi ezo ziphumo).
- Ukuba ngequbuliso ulahlekelwa zingqondo.
- Ukuba uthatha amayeza okunciphisa igazi, usenokuba sengozini enkulu yokopha ngaphakathi ukuba uyawa.
- Ukuba ubunzima bokuphefumla buyanda ngequbuliso.
Emva kotyando okanye olunye unyango...
- Ukuba inxeba lotyando libomvu, lidumbile, okanye livakala lifudumele (ezi ziimpawu zosulelo).
- Ukuba uziva uphelelwa ngamandla, uneentlungu esifubeni, okanye ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokukhawuleza.
- Ukuba usela amayeza okunciphisa igazi, uyawa, okanye ufumana ukopha okungalawulekiyo, njengokuphuma kwegazi empumlweni, igazi ekuhlanzeni, okanye igazi eliphuma endle.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- I-Mitral valve stenosis kukuvaleka kwevalvu ebalulekileyo entliziyweni yakho.
- Ubunzima bokuphefumla kunye nokuziva udiniwe lula zezona mpawu zimbini ziphambili.
- Eyona nto ibangela oku kukuba izifo zomqala azinyangwa kakuhle ebuntwaneni. Ngoko ke, ukuba unesilonda somqala, bona ugqirha uze ufumane amayeza afanelekileyo.
- Ukufunyanwa kwangethuba kunye nonyango olukhawulezileyo lwale meko kunokuthintela iingxaki ezinzulu.
- Ukuba unale mpawu, ungoyiki ukubona ugqirha kwaye ucele ingcebiso. Uza kukunika ulwalathiso olufunayo.
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