Iproteni engaqhelekanga egazini lakho? Masithethe ngeMGUS (iMonoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance)!

Mhlawumbi ukhe waya kugqirha, okanye ukuze nje wenze uvavanyo lwegazi, kwaye bakuxelele ngesifo esinegama elingaqhelekanga ongazange uve ngalo ngaphambili. I-MGUS (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-M-Gas ngabanye) yenye yezo meko, imeko ekwenza uzive usoyika kancinci xa usiva eli gama, kodwa akucaci ukuba yintoni kanye kanye. Ngoko ke namhlanje, masithethe nge-MGUS (i-Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance) ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.

Yintoni iMGUS (iMonoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance)?

Ngamafutshane, i-MGUS yimeko echaphazela uhlobo oluthile lweeseli ezibizwa ngokuba ziiseli zeplasma, eziyinxalenye yegazi lethu kwaye zifumaneka kumongo wethambo. Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza ukuba zeziphi ezi seli zeplasma. Ezi seli zeplasma zingamalungu abalulekileyo kakhulu kwinkqubo yethu yokuzikhusela yomzimba. Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukuvelisa iiproteni ezibizwa ngokuba zii-antibodies ezinceda umzimba wethu uzikhusele kwizifo.

Kodwa kumntu one-MGUS, ezi seli zeplasma ziyatshintsha kancinci, kwaye endaweni yee-antibodies zokwenyani ekufuneka zenziwe, zivelisa uhlobo olwahlukileyo, olungaqhelekanga lweproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi- "M proteins." Ezi proteni ze-M azenzi nto emizimbeni yethu. Uninzi lwexesha, ezi proteni ze-M azibangeli monakalo mkhulu, kwaye abantu abaninzi abane-MGUS abanazo iimpawu. Ngokwesiqhelo, ugqirha ufumanisa le meko ngengozi xa esenza uvavanyo lwegazi okanye lomchamo ngesinye isizathu.

Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile ukuba i-MGUS ibe yingozi kakhulu ize ibe ngumhlaza wegazi okanye esinye isifo segazi esibi kakhulu. Yiyo loo nto oogqirha, bakuba besazi ukuba une-MGUS, benza uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-6 okanye kube kanye ngonyaka ukuze babone ukuba ingaba ijika ibe yinto eyingozi ngakumbi na.

Ngubani ochaphazeleka kakhulu yile meko?

Nangona nabani na enokuba nale meko ibizwa ngokuba yiMGUS, abanye abantu banokuba nayo.

• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala banamathuba amaninzi okufumana i-MGUS. Lo mngcipheko uyanda kancinci njengoko ukhula. Umntu oneminyaka engaphezu kwama-50 ubudala unethuba eliyi-3% ukuya kwi-5% lokufumana le meko. Ukuba ujonga abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-75 ubudala, oku kumalunga ne-5%.
• I-MGUS ixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abamnyama .
• Amadoda anamathuba amaninzi okufumana i-MGUS kunabafazi.
• Abantu abanembali yokuchaphazeleka zizibulali-zinambuzane okanye izibulali-zinambuzane nabo basengozini.

I-MGUS iyichaphazela njani umzimba wam?

Njengoko besikhe sathetha ngayo ngaphambili, i-MGUS ibangelwa kukuba umongo wakho wethambo uvelisa iiseli zeplasma ezingaqhelekanga. Cinga ngayo ngathi iiseli zeplasma zomntu ophilileyo zifana namajoni aqeqeshiweyo. Zenza izixhobo ezibizwa ngokuba zii-antibodies ezikhethekileyo kwintsholongwane nganye. Ezi antibodies zezona zisinceda siqaphele kwaye silwe neentsholongwane ezingena emizimbeni yethu, zisikhusela kwizifo.

Kodwa kwi-MGUS, ezi seli zeplasma "ziyaphambana" kancinci kwaye zenza iiproteni ze-M. Ezi proteni ze-M ziqokelelana egazini lethu kwaye zihamba emizimbeni yethu yonke. Ngamanye amaxesha ezi proteni ze-M ezingaqhelekanga ziqokelelana egazini nasemchameni kwaye zingonakalisa izintso zakho, intliziyo, kunye nemithambo-luvo. Akunjalo nje kuphela, kodwa xa kukho iiproteni ze-M ezininzi egazini lakho, amandla omzimba wakho okulwa neentsholongwane nawo anokuncipha. Oku kuthetha ukuba unokuba sengozini yokugula ngokulula.

Ngaba i-MGUS ngumhlaza?

Nantsi umbuzo abantu abaninzi abawubuzayo. Hayi, i-MGUS ayingomhlaza ngokwawo. Nangona kunjalo, yimeko enokuthi ikhule ibe ngumhlaza. Ngamanye amazwi, i-MGUS ingathathwa njengemeko "yangaphambi komhlaza" eyandulela umhlaza.

Uphando lubonise ukuba malunga nama-20% abantu abane-MGUS ekugqibeleni baya kuba nomhlaza wegazi obizwa ngokuba yi-multiple myeloma . Oku kuthetha ukuba ayinguye wonke umntu one-MGUS oza kuba nomhlaza, kodwa malunga nomntu omnye kwabahlanu usengozini.

Ukongeza, abanye abantu abane-MGUS banokuba nezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wegazi okanye izifo ezinzulu ezinxulumene negazi. Umzekelo:

• I-Amyloidosis
• I-Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia
• I-leukemia ye-lymphocytic engapheliyo (CLL)

Kubalulekile: Asinguye wonke umntu one-MGUS oza kuba nomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuba uhlolwe rhoqo ngugqirha ngenxa yomngcipheko.

Zithini iimpawu ze-MGUS?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, uninzi lwexesha i-MGUS ayibangeli zimpawu zithile. Le yenye yezona ngxaki zinkulu ngayo. Nangona kunjalo, kunqabile kakhulu ukuba abanye abantu babe neempawu. Ukuba bazifumana, banokufumana izinto ezifana nezi:

• Ukuziva ukurhawuzelela emalungeni.
• Ukuziva ubuthathaka kwaye ungenabomi .
• Ukuziva ngathi awunanto okanye uphelelwe yimvakalelo kwezinye iindawo.

Ezi mpawu zinokuba ziimpawu zezinye iimeko ezininzi, ngoko ke musa ukucinga ukuba une-MGUS kuba nje unenye okanye ezimbini kwezi. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba uneempawu ezingapheliyo, kungcono ukubona ugqirha.

Yintoni ebangela i-MGUS?

Enyanisweni, oogqirha abakayazi kakuhle ukuba kutheni iiseli zeplasma kwithambo lethu lomongo zitshintsha kwaye ziqale ukwenza iiproteni ze-M. Yiloo nto ithethwa licandelo elithi "Undetermined Balue" legama lesi sifo.

Nangona kunjalo, kukho izinto ezithile ekucingelwa ukuba zinegalelo kule meko:

• Utshintsho kwimfuza: Utshintsho oluthile kwimfuza yethu lunokubangela oku.
• Ukuba nezifo ze-autoimmune:Oku kuthetha ukuba abantu abanezifo apho amajoni omzimba ahlasela khona iiseli zomzimba (ezifana ne-rheumatoid arthritis) banamathuba amaninzi okufumana i-MGUS.
• Unyango lwezifo ezihlasela umzimba: Amanye amayeza asetyenziswa kwezi zifo nawo anokuba nefuthe.
• Ukuvezwa kumanqanaba aphezulu emitha.
• Ukuchatshazelwa zizibulali-zinambuzane kunye nezibulali-zinambuzane.

Ezi zezona zinto zibalulekileyo ezibangela umngcipheko, kodwa nomntu ongenazo ezi zinto unokuba ne-MGUS.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani i-MGUS?

Uninzi lwexesha, i-MGUS ifunyanwa ngengozi. Ugqirha uza kujonga igazi lakho nomchamo ukuba ajonge iiproteni ze-M. Ukongeza, baza kujonga nezinye izinto ezininzi ukuze bavavanye umngcipheko wokuba i-MGUS ibe ngumhlaza okanye esinye isifo segazi esibi. Ezi zinto zinobungozi zezi:

• Ubungakanani beprotheyini ye-M egazini lakho: Okukhona inani leprotheyini ye-M liphezulu, kokukhona umngcipheko uphezulu.
• Uhlobo lweproteni ye-M egazini lakho: Kukwakho neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zeeproteni ze-M. Ezinye iintlobo ziyingozi ngakumbi kunezinye.
• Ubungakanani beetsheyini zokukhanya ezikhululekileyo (FLC) egazini lakho: I-FLC ikwaluhlobo lweproteni eveliswa ziiseli zeplasma. Uvavanyo lwe-FLC lujonga amazinga angaqhelekanga ezi zinto.

Uphando lubonisa ukuba umntu oneenkalo ezintathu zomngcipheko unethuba elingama-58% lokufumana i-leukemia kwiminyaka engama-20. Ngokufanayo, umntu ongenazo naziphi na kwezi meko zomngcipheko unethuba elingama-5% lokufumana i-leukemia kwiminyaka engama-20. Ngoko ke ezi mvavanyo zinokunceda ugqirha wakho aqonde inqanaba lakho lomngcipheko.

Iphathwa njani i-MGUS?

Iindaba ezimnandi zezokuba uninzi lwabantu abane-MGUS abadingi naluphi na unyango. Kuba, njengoko besitshilo, uninzi lwabantu alunangxaki nayo kwaye alubonakalisi zimpawu.

Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba i-MGUS ingaguquka ibe ngumhlaza, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga inqanaba leproteni ye-M egazini lakho nasemchameni rhoqo kwiinyanga ezi-6 okanye kube kanye ngonyaka. Oku kubizwa ngokuba "kukulinda ngononophelo." Njengomlindi, ugqirha ujonge ukubona ukuba kukho into etshintshayo na.

Ngamanye amaxesha, abantu abane-MGUS banokuba semngciphekweni omkhulu wokulahlekelwa ngamathambo okanye ukwaphuka kwamathambo. Ukuba usemngciphekweni, ugqirha wakho unokukunika amayeza okuqinisa amathambo akho kunye nezinye iingcebiso zokwandisa uxinano lwamathambo.

Ngaba i-MGUS ingathintelwa?

Ngelishwa, hayi. Asinakuyithintela le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-MGUS. Kuba ibangelwa lutshintsho oluthile kwiijini zethu (ii-gene mutations), apho iiseli zeplasma ezingaqhelekanga zenziwa khona, kwaye ezo seli ziqala ukuvelisa iiproteni ze-M. Olu tshintsho lwejini zizinto esingenakuzilawula.

Kuza kwenzeka ntoni ukuba une-MGUS? Yintoni onokuyilindela?

Ngokubanzi, uninzi lwabantu abane-MGUS banokuphila ubomi obuqhelekileyo ngaphandle kweempawu. Yipesenti encinci kuphela efumana umhlaza wegazi okanye ezinye izifo zegazi esizikhankanyileyo ngaphambili.

Ukuba uvavanyo lwakho lwegazi nomchamo lubonisa ukuba uneproteni ye-M, kuya kufuneka uphinde wenze uvavanyo lwegazi nomchamo rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12. Oku kukunceda oogqirha bakho ukuba bajonge imeko yakho ukuze babone ukuba iya isiba mandundu na. Oku kunokubonakala kukucaphukisa kancinci, kodwa kubaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko lwakho.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Nangona unobangela ochanekileyo we-MGUS ungaziwa, sithethe ngonxibelelwano phakathi kwezifo ezihlasela amajoni omzimba, unyango lwazo, amanqanaba aphezulu emitha, kunye nezibulali-zinambuzane. Ikwaxhaphake kakhulu nakubantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ubudala.

• Ukuba ukhathazekile ukuba unokuba ne-MGUS, thetha nogqirha wakho ngezinto ezikubangela umngcipheko kwaye uxoxe ngokuvavanywa ukuba kuyimfuneko.
• Ukuba sele une-MGUS, landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngokuchanekileyo. Yiya kuvavanywa ngexesha.
• Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ezintsha, ezinjengokuba ndindisholo, ubuthathaka, kunye nokulahlekelwa zimvakalelo esizixubushe ngaphambili, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.

I-MGUS yimeko engekayiqondi ngokupheleleyo nesayensi yezonyango. Njengoko igama lisitsho, kusekho izinto ezininzi esingazaziyo ngayo. Umzekelo, akucaci ngokupheleleyo ukuba abanye abantu abanesifo bahlakulela njani umhlaza wegazi okanye izifo zegazi ezinzulu ngelixa abanye bengacaci.

Kodwa oogqirha bayazityhila kancinci ezi mfihlakalo. Ukuba une-MGUS, oogqirha ngoku banokuqikelela ukuya kuthi ga kwinqanaba elithile ukuba unokuba nezifo ezinzulu kangakanani. Kubalulekile ukuthetha nogqirha wakho ngazo naziphi na izinto ezinokubangela umngcipheko wokufumana i-MGUS. Ngokusekelwe kolo lwazi, unokugqiba ukuba kufanelekile na ukuba uvavanywe le meko.

Okokugqibela, izinto ekufuneka uzikhumbule

Musa ukoyika xa usiva igama elithi MGUS (Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance). Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwazi oku.

• I-MGUS ayingomhlaza, kodwa yimeko enokubangela umhlaza.
• Abantu abaninzi abanazo iimpawu kwaye abadingi nyango.
• Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukwenza uhlolo rhoqo ngamaxesha athile.
• Ukuba kuvela iimpawu ezintsha, xelela ugqirha wakho ngoko nangoko.
• Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho ngayo nayiphi na imibuzo okanye izinto ezikuxhalabisayo. Bakho ukuze bakuncede.

Ndiyathemba ukuba olu lwazi lukuncede ukuba uqonde ngcono i-MGUS. Khumbula, awuwedwa, oogqirha bakho kunye nabantu obathandayo banawe.

` MGUS, iMonoclonal Gammopathy yoBaluleke oluNgaqinisekiswanga, iProteni ye-M, iiSeli zePlasma, umongo wamathambo, umhlaza wegazi, izifo zegazi, iMultiple Myeloma