Ingaba umongo wakho awusebenzi kakuhle? Masithethe nge-myelosuppression!

Ngaba nawe uvakalelwa kukuba awuziva kakuhle, ugula rhoqo, okanye uphuma igazi nokuba linxeba elincinci, nokuba unyangwa umhlaza okanye esinye isifo? Emva kwezi zinto, kunokubakho i-myelosuppression , imeko apho umongo wethambo ungasebenzi kakuhle . Ungakhathazeki, masithethe ngale nto ngokulula.

Yintoni i-myelosuppression? Ngokuchanekileyo, ngaba kubuthathaka komongo wethambo?

Ngamafutshane, ewe! Umongo wethambo sisicwili esithambileyo nesithambileyo ngaphakathi emathanjeni akho. Cinga ngawo njengomzi -mveliso womzimba wethu wokwenza igazi . Lo mzi-mveliso uvelisa iibhiliyoni zeeseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelets, ezibalulekileyo ukuze siphile, kwaye uzongeza egazini lethu. Uhlobo ngalunye lweseli lunomsebenzi owahlukileyo emzimbeni wethu. Umongo wethambo uyandisa okanye uyawunciphisa lo mveliso kuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zomzimba wethu.

Ngoku, kwimeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-myelosuppression , umsebenzi wale fektri yomongo wethambo uyaphazamiseka ngesizathu esithile. Emva koko, iiseli zegazi kunye neeplatelets azinakuveliswa ngokufanelekileyo. Isizathu esiphambili soku kunyango lwe-chemotherapy yomhlaza. Nangona kunjalo, ezinye iintlobo zomhlaza wegazi kunye nezinye iintsholongwane zinokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle komongo wethambo.

Zithini iimpawu ze-myelosuppression?

Iimpawu zingahluka kumntu nomntu, kuxhomekeke ekubeni umongo wakho wethambo uvelisa iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, okanye iiplatelets.

Ukuba iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ziyancipha - I-Anemia

Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi zithwala ioksijini emzimbeni wakho wonke. Xa zinganele , kuvela i-anemia . Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Ukudinwa
• Ukuphefumla nzima/ukuphelelwa ngamandla
• Isiyezi
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okukhawulezayo okanye okungaqhelekanga/ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga
• Imvakalelo yesandi esikhalayo ezindlebeni, ngamanye amaxesha sihamba nesandi "esibethayo" kunye nokubetha kwentliziyo (i-Pulsatile tinnitus)
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ubumhlophe bombala wolusu
• Iintlungu zesifuba

I-Neutropenia - ukwehla kweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi (ingakumbi ii-neutrophils)

Iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi zilwa neentsholongwane ezingena emizimbeni yethu kwaye zisikhusele kwizifo . Olunye uhlobo lweeseli ezimhlophe zegazi lubizwa ngokuba zii-neutrophils . Xa umongo wethambo uvelisa ii-neutrophils ezimbalwa ngenxa ye-myelosuppression, imeko ibizwa ngokuba yi-neutropenia . I-Neutropenia ayinazo naziphi na iimpawu ezithile, kodwa ngenxa yesi sizathuUsulelo oluqhelekileyo lunokwenzeka, kwaye kulapho ke iimpawu zibonakala khona.

• Umkhuhlane (ngamanye amaxesha obizwa ngokuba yi-febrile neutropenia )
• Ukudinwa
• Umphimbo obuhlungu/usulelo (Umphimbo obuhlungu/i-pharyngitis)
• Ii-lymph nodes ezivuvukileyo
• Izilonda emlonyeni okanye ezijikeleze i-anus
• Urhudo
• Ukutsha xa uchama, ukuziva ngathi ufuna ukuchama ngokukhawuleza, ukuchama rhoqo

Ukuba iiplatelets ziyancipha - i-Thrombocytopenia

Iiplatelets zinceda ekulawuleni ukopha . Xa la manqanaba ehla, kuvela imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-thrombocytopenia . Oku kunokubangela:

• Ukopha okungapheli ixesha elide, nokuba kukwinxeba elincinci, okanye ubunzima bokumisa ukopha empumlweni.
• Imivumbo ibonakala ngokukhawuleza kunesiqhelo.
• Ukubonakala kwamabala amancinci abomvu (njengokurhawuzelelwa) kwimilenze engezantsi - oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -petechiae .
• Amabala abomvu, amfusa, okanye amdaka eluswini - oku kubizwa ngokuba yi -purpura .

Ukuba zonke iintlobo zeeseli zegazi ziyancitshiswa - iPancytopenia

Ngamanye amaxesha, zonke ezi seli zegazi zintathu—iiseli ezibomvu zegazi, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, kunye neeplatelets—zinokuba sezantsi ngaxeshanye . Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-pancytopenia . Njenge-neutropenia, esi asisosifo ngokwaso, kodwa sinokuba luphawu lwesifo esithile esingabonakaliyo.

Kutheni kukho i-myelosuppression? Zithini izizathu?

Njengoko besitshilo ngaphambili, i-chemotherapy yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo . Nangona kunjalo, kukho nezinye izizathu.

Unyango lweKhemotherapy, unyango lwe-immunotherapy, kunye noxinzelelo lwe-myelosuppression

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zamayeza e-chemotherapy zinokubangela oku. Ezinye zezona zixhaphakileyo zezi:

• I-Fluorouracil
• I-Oxaliplatin
• I-Irinotecan
• I-Capecitabine

Ukongeza, unyango lweeseli ze-CAR T, uhlobo lwe- immunotherapy , lunokuphazamisa ukusebenza komongo wethambo kwaye lunciphise ukuveliswa kweeseli zegazi kunye neeplatelet.

Umhlaza Wegazi kunye nokucinezelwa kweMyelosuppression

Eminye imihlaza yegazi inokuphazamisana nokuveliswa kweeseli zegazi okuqhelekileyo. Umzekelo, kwimihlaza efana ne -leukemia, i-lymphoma, kunye ne-myeloma , iiseli zomhlaza ezingaqhelekanga zikhula kakhulu kumongo wethambo kwaye ziyeke ukuveliswa kweeseli zegazi ezisempilweni kunye neeplatelets.

Iintsholongwane kunye noxinzelelo lwe-myelosuppression

Ezinye izifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane zinokuphazamisa inkqubo yokwenza igazi kumongo wethambo. Khawuthelekelele ukuba xa intsholongwane ingena emzimbeni, ukhuselo lomzimba wethu, oko kukuthi iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, ziyalwa nentsholongwane. Ngexesha lokulwa, umongo wethambo unokuvelisa inani elincinci leeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeplatelets. Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuba ezinye iintsholongwane zisulela ngokuthe ngqo iiseli ezenza igazi kumongo wethambo, nto leyo enciphisa inani leeseli zegazi. Ezinye iintsholongwane ezifunyenweyo zidibene nale meko yokuxinana kwegazi zezi:

• Intsholongwane ye-Epstein-Barr (EBV)
• Intsholongwane yeHepatitis C
• I-Parvovirus B19
• I-Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
• Intsholongwane ebangela i-chickenpox (i-Chickenpox / varicella zoster)
• Intsholongwane yokungakwazi ukuzikhusela komzimba womntu (i-HIV)
• Umkhuhlane weDengue

Ngaba i-myelosuppression ingabangela iingxaki ezinkulu?

Ewe, ngamanye amaxesha oku kunokukhokelela kwiingxaki ezisongela ubomi . Umzekelo, ukwehla ngequbuliso kweeseli ezibomvu zegazi (i-acute anemia) okanye ukwehla kweeplatelets (ukopha okungalawulekiyo) .

Kubalulekile: Ukuba ufumana naziphi na kwezi mpawu, ingakumbi ukuba unyangwa umhlaza, kubaluleke kakhulu ukufuna iingcebiso zonyango ngokukhawuleza.

Oogqirha bayixilonga njani ngokuchanekileyo le meko?

Oku kuxilongwa ikakhulu ngovavanyo lwegazi . Olu vavanyo lwegazi lujonga ukuba umongo wakho wethambo uvelisa iiseli zegazi kunye neeplatelets ngokwesiqhelo na.

Uvavanyo lwegazi olufana nolu lunokwenziwa:

• Ubalo lwegazi olupheleleyo (i-CBC)
• Uvavanyo lwe-MCV (Uvavanyo lwe-MCV oluphakathi / Uvavanyo lwe-MCV)
• Uvavanyo lwe-RDW (Ububanzi bokusasazwa kweeseli ezibomvu / uvavanyo lwe-RDW)
• Inani lee-reticulocyte
• I-smear yegazi engaphandle
• Uvavanyo lwe-MPV (Uvavanyo lwe-mean platelet volume / MPV)

Ziziphi iindlela zonyango lwe-myelosuppression?

Oogqirha baphatha oku ngezi ndlela zilandelayo:

• Ukuba unobangela we-myelosuppression yi-chemotherapy, idosi ye-chemotherapy kufuneka incitshiswe okanye iyekwe okwethutyana .
• Utofelo-gazi ukuze kwandiswe amanqanaba eeseli ezibomvu zegazi kunye neeplatelet.
• Ndikunika amayeza anceda umongo wakho wethambo ukuba wenze iiseli zegazi kunye neeplatelets ezingaphezulu.

Ngaba le meko ingathintelwa ukuba ingenzeki?

Uxinzelelo lwe-Myelosuppression ludla ngokuba yimiphumo emibi yonyango lomhlaza. Ngenxa yoko, oogqirha bahlala bekhangela ezi miphumo emibi ngexesha lonyango lomhlaza. Baza kujonga uvavanyo lwakho lwegazi rhoqo baze benze utshintsho kwisicwangciso sakho sonyango ukuba kuyimfuneko.

Yintoni endinokuyilindela ukuba ndine-myelosuppression?

Abantu abaninzi bafumana le meko kuba befumana i-chemotherapy. Ukuba kunjalo, ugqirha wakho uya kujonga ngokusondeleyo indlela i-chemotherapy echaphazela ngayo umongo wakho wethambo. Kusenokufuneka uthathe ikhefu elifutshane kunyango lomhlaza ukuze umongo wakho wethambo uphinde wakhe inani leeseli zegazi.

Ndingazinyamekela njani?

Uxinzelelo lwe-Myelosuppression lunokunyusa umngcipheko wakho wokufumana usulelo kunye nokopha . Ungenza ezi zinto ukunciphisa lo mngcipheko:

• Fumana imigonyo yokukhusela kwiintsholongwane eziqhelekileyo.
• Ukuziqhelanisa nemikhwa emihle yococeko , njengokuhlamba izandla rhoqo nokuhlala kude nabantu abagulayo.
• Zikhusele kwiimeko apho unokwenzakala okanye unqunyulwe . Umzekelo, lumka xa usebenzisa izixhobo ezibukhali.

Ndingayibuza yiphi imibuzo ugqirha wam?

Ungabuza ugqirha imibuzo efana nale:

• Kutheni ndinengxaki yokucinezelwa kwe-myelosuppression?
• Le meko ichaphazela njani umzimba wam?
• Ziziphi iindlela zonyango endinazo?
• Ngaba unyango luza kuyinyanga ngokupheleleyo i-myelosuppression yam?

Isishwankathelo: Yintoni ekufuneka uyikhumbule (Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya)

Umongo wakho wethambo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yomzimba wakho. Iiseli ezibomvu zegazi ezithwala ioksijini, iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi ezilwa nosulelo, iiplatelets ezinceda ukujiya kwegazi lakho - zonke zenziwa apho. Uxinzelelo lwe-Myelosuppression kuxa umongo wakho wethambo uyeka ukusebenza ngesizathu esithile. Eyona nto ixhaphakileyo yi-chemotherapy yomhlaza, kodwa inokubangelwa naziintsholongwane ezithile zegazi. Ungakhathazeki. Oogqirha baza kufumana unobangela baze bawunyange ngokufanelekileyo. Eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukufuna unyango ukuba uneempawu ezingaqhelekanga kwaye ulandele iingcebiso zabo ngononophelo. Awuwedwa, kwaye kukho oogqirha abanokukunceda kolu hambo.

Uxinzelelo lweMyelosuppression , Uxinzelelo lweBone Marrow, Uxinzelelo lweBone Marrow, Iiseli zeBomvu zeGazi, Iiseli zeGazi ezimhlophe, Iiplatelets, Unyango lweKhemotherapy, Umhlaza, I-Anemia, I-Neutropenia, I-Thrombocytopenia, Iintsholongwane