Kuqhelekile ukuba noloyiko noloyiko xa ugqirha wakho ekuxelela okanye umntu omaziyo ngotyando lwentamo. Ingakumbi xa usiva igama elithi 'Intamo Eqhaqhiweyo', unokuzibuza ukuba loluphi uhlobo lwento. Kodwa wakuba uyiqonda kakuhle into eyenzekileyo kwaye kutheni isenziwa, uloyiko lwakho luya kuphela. Namhlanje, siza kuthetha ngale nto ngendlela elula onokuyiqonda.
Yintoni kanye kanye le nto kuthiwa yi-Neck Dissection?
Ngamafutshane, i-Neck Dissection kukususwa ngotyando kwee-lymph nodes, okanye "ii-lymph nodes" njengoko sizibiza njalo, entanyeni.
Ngoku usenokuba uzibuza, "Kutheni sizisusa ezi ntwala zincinci?" Kaloku, kukho amawaka ezi ntwala zisasazeke emizimbeni yethu. Zifana nezihluzo ezincinci. Umsebenzi wazo ophambili kukucoca nokucoca ulwelo olubizwa ngokuba yi-lymph oluvela kwiiseli kunye nezicubu zomzimba.
Khawucinge nje, ukuba umntu unomhlaza, ezi seli zomhlaza ngamanye amaxesha zinokuhamba ngolwelo lwe-lymph zize zibambeke kwezi seli zikufutshane. Ngoko ke oogqirha benza olu tyando ngezizathu ezibini eziphambili:
1. Yazi kakuhle ukuba umhlaza usasazekile na: Kwimeko yomhlaza wentloko nentamo, umhlaza we-thyroid, okanye eminye imidla yolusu, kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ukuba umhlaza usasazeke na kwi-lymph nodes. Oku kunceda ekumiseleni ngokuchanekileyo inqanaba lomhlaza nokukhetha unyango olungcono.
2. Njengonyango: Ukuba umhlaza usasazeke kwiindawo ze-lymph nodes, ukususa ezo ndawo kuya kuyithintela intsholongwane ukuba ingasasazeki ngakumbi. Ngamanye amaxesha olu tyando lunokuthintela nesidingo se-radiation okanye i-chemotherapy.
Ndingazilungiselela njani ngaphambi kotyando?
Ekubeni olu lutyando olukhulu, lufuna amalungiselelo amaninzi kwangaphambili. Ugqirha wakho uza kukunika imiyalelo ecacileyo malunga noku, kodwa ungathandabuzi ukubuza nayiphi na imibuzo onokuba nayo.
Qaphela ezi zinto ngaphambi kotyando:
- Imikhwa ekufuneka uyeke: Ukuba utshaya okanye usela utywala, fumanisa ukuba kufuneka uyeke ixesha elingakanani ngaphambi kotyando. Oku kunokuchaphazela inkqubo yokuphiliswa.
- Amayeza: Buza ngokuchanekileyo ukuba kufuneka uyeke okwethutyana na ukusebenzisa amayeza (ingakumbi amayeza okunciphisa igazi), iivithamini, okanye imifuno okanye izongezo, kwaye kufuneka uyeke nini.
- Ukutya nokusela: Uza kunikwa imiyalelo yokuba kufuneka uyeke nini ukutya nokusela ngaphambi kotyando.
- Impahla: Buza ukuba kulungile na ukunxiba izacholo, ii-deodorants, kunye neekhrimu ngomhla wokutyelela kwakho esibhedlele.
- Ukulungiselela ukuhlala kwakho esibhedlele: Lungisa iimpahla ezifunekayo kunye nezinye izinto njengoko uza kuba sesibhedlele iintsuku ezimbalwa.
- Ixesha lokuphumla emsebenzini: Fumana umbono ocacileyo wokuba uza kuthatha ixesha elingakanani lokuphumla emsebenzini.
- Inkxaso yosapho: Xoxa kwangaphambili ukuba ingakanani inkxaso yosapho oza kuyidinga ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho.
Lwenziwa njani olu tyando? Ziziphi iintlobo zalo?
Utyando lwenzeka kwigumbi lotyando esibhedlele. Okokuqala, uza kunikwa i-anesthesia ukuze ulale ngokupheleleyo. Emva koko, ugqirha uza kususa amaqhuma kwicala lasekhohlo, kwicala lasekunene, okanye ngamanye amaxesha kumacala omabini entamo yakho.
Izinto ezisuswayo ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando olwenziweyo. Makhe sijonge iintlobo eziphambili.
| Uhlobo lotyando | Inkcazo elula |
|---|---|
| Ukuqhaqha intamo ebukhali | Zonke iimithambo-luvo ezikwicala elichaphazelekayo ziyasuswa. Ukongeza, imithambo-luvo enceda ukuphakamisa ingalo (i-spinal accessory nerve), imisipha enceda ukujika intamo nentloko (i-sternocleidomastoid muscle), kunye nomthambo wegazi omkhulu (i-internal jugular vein) nazo ziyasuswa. |
| Ukuqhaqhazwa kweNtlambo eGuquliweyo | Oku kufana noku kungasentla, kodwa esinye okanye ngaphezulu kwezi zakhiwo zikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili, ezifana nomthambo-luvo, umsipha, okanye umthambo wegazi, zishiywe zinjalo . |
| Ukususwa kwentamo okukhethiweyo | Oku kususa amaqela ambalwa eeseli apho umhlaza usasazeka khona , ngaphandle kokulimaza ezinye izakhiwo ezibalulekileyo. |
| Ukuqhaqhazwa kweNtlalo eNcinci | Oku kwenziwa xa, ukongeza kutyando olukhulu, kufuneka kususwe imithambo-luvo eyongezelelweyo, imithambo yegazi, okanye iindawo zemisipha. |
Emva kotyando, kubekwa ityhubhu enye okanye ezingaphezulu ezincinci (ii-drain) ukuze kukhutshwe naluphi na ulwelo oluqokelelana ngaphakathi kwenxeba. Oku kunceda inxeba ukuba liphole ngokukhawuleza. Ekugqibeleni, inxeba livalwa ngezititshi okanye nge-staples.
Izicubu ezisusiweyo zithunyelwa kwilabhoratri ukuze kuhlolwe iiseli zomhlaza. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-lymph node biopsy . Iziphumo zihlala zifumaneka kwiveki enye okanye ezimbini.
Ziziphi iingenelo kunye neengozi zalo tyando?
Khumbula, oogqirha bacebisa olu hlobo lotyando kuphela xa iingenelo zingaphezulu kakhulu kuneengozi.
Inzuzo ephambili kukuba inqanaba lomhlaza linokufunyanwa ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye unyango lunokuqaliswa ngokususa iiseli zomhlaza ngoko nangoko.
Kwakhona, njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, kukho iingozi ezincinci. Ukongeza kweziqhelekileyo ezifana nokopha kunye nosulelo, kukho iingozi ezithile eziphathelele olu tyando. Ezi zinxulumene kakhulu nomonakalo kwimithambo-luvo entanyeni nasebusweni.
- Ukuba ndindisholo okungapheliyo okanye okwethutyana kwindawo yotyando.
- Ubunzima bokuginya, ukutya, okanye ukuthetha .
- Imbonakalo yenxalenye yobuso ecaleni apho kwenziwe khona utyando igobile .
- Ukugoba kwegxalaba okanye ubunzima bokuphakamisa igxalaba ecaleni lotyando.
Kodwa into ebalulekileyo kukuba ezi ngozi zahluka kakhulu kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lotyando . Kwakhona, uninzi lwexesha, ezi ngxaki zezokwexeshana. Ezinye zinokunyangwa ngokupheleleyo ngonyango lomzimba. Thetha ngokukhululekileyo nogqirha wakho malunga neengozi ezinxulumene notyando oza kulwenza.
Ndingenza ntoni xa ndifika ekhaya emva kotyando?
Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele iintsuku ezimbini ukuya kwezintlanu emva kotyando. Ngeli xesha, abasebenzi bezonyango baya kukunyamekela kakuhle. Baza kukunika amayeza okudambisa iintlungu, amayeza okuthintela usulelo, bakuncede uhambe kancinci, bakunike ukutya, kwaye banyamekele umsele.
Uza kufumana imiyalelo ekufuneka uyilandele xa ubuyela ekhaya.
- Ukunyamekela inxeba: Gcina inxeba licocekile ukuze uthintele usulelo. Usenokucelwa ukuba uthambise amafutha okubulala iintsholongwane de kuphume imithungo.
- Ukunyamekela umsele wokukhupha amanzi: Ukuba ubeke umsele wokukhupha amanzi ekhaya, kuya kufuneka ufunde indlela yokuwucoca, ukuwukhupha, kunye nokurekhoda ubungakanani bolwelo oluqokelelwayo.
- Ukuhlamba: Ngokwesiqhelo, uxelelwa ukuba ungahlambi de kususwe umsele wokuhambisa amanzi. Emva koko, xa uhlamba, kufuneka uhlambe inxeba kakuhle kwaye ungalihlikihli ngamandla.
- Ukutya Neziselo: Uza kuqala ngokutya okumanzi uze kancinci kancinci uye kukutya okuqinileyo. Uza kunikwa iingcebiso malunga nokutya okuza kubonelela ngesondlo esifunekayo.
- Imisebenzi:Basenokucebisa ukuba wenze umthambo olula ukunciphisa ukuqina kwentamo namagxa. Basenokucebisa nokuba wenze umthambo wokuphefumla ukuze imiphunga yakho ihlale isempilweni.
Kufuneka ubone ugqirha nini kungekudala?
Ukuba ubona naziphi na ezi mpawu ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho, fowunela ugqirha wakho okanye uye esibhedlele ngoko nangoko .
- Iimpawu zosulelo: umkhuhlane, ukubomvu kwindawo yotyando, ubushushu, intlungu engakumbi, okanye ukuphuma kobofu.
- Ukuba inxeba liqala ukopha kwakhona .
- Ukuba unengxaki yokuginya okanye uziva ngathi ukutya kuyabhajwa.
- Ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla . Le yimeko engxamisekileyo, ngoko ke yiya kwi -ETU (iYunithi yoNyango oluNgxamisekileyo) yesibhedlele esikufutshane ngoko nangoko.
Umyalezo Wokuya Ekhaya
- Ukususwa kwentamo lutyando olubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kubonwe ukuba iiseli zomhlaza zisasazeke na kwiindawo ze-lymph entanyeni kwaye zisuswe. Musa ukoyika igama.
- Ekubeni olu lutyando olukhulu, ukulungiselela nokunyamekela ngokufanelekileyo ngaphambi nasemva kwalo kubalulekile. Landela imiyalelo kagqirha wakho ngononophelo.
- Njengakwezinye iintlobo zotyando, kukho iingozi, ingakumbi ezo zinxulumene nemithambo-luvo. Kodwa uninzi lwexesha, ezi zezexeshana. Xoxa nogqirha wakho malunga neengozi ezinxulumene notyando lwakho.
- Ukuba ufumana naziphi na iimpawu ngexesha lokuchacha kwakho, ezinje ngomkhuhlane, ukopha okanye ubomvu obuvela kwinxeba, okanye ubunzima bokuginya okanye ukuphefumla, funa ingcebiso kagqirha ngokukhawuleza .
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